Digitalizacija kao način upravljanja muzejskim zbirkama

Potaknuta odrađivanjem prakse na prediplomskoj razini na Odsjeku za informacijske i komunikacijske znanosti Filozofskog fakulteta i u Muzeju suvremene umjetnosti u Zagrebu, odlučila sam se za ovu temu završnog rada - digitalizacija kao način upravljanja muzejskim zbirkama. Muzej suvremene umjetnosti u Zagrebu broji veliku kolekciju domaćih umjetnika te sam se stoga odlučila digitalizirati na skulpturu Ambrož Zvonimira Lončarića koja je izložena u prostorima muzeja. Muzeji se bore s masovnim medijima i drugim oblicima zabave i edukacije, pa šire svoje područje i na online platforme postajući tako globalno dostupni pa čak i zajednici koja prije zbog udaljenosti ili nekih drugih razloga nije mogla fizički posjetiti muzej. Na taj način potiče se bolja komunikacija i interakcija putem društvenih mreža poput Facebook-a, Twitter-a, Instagram-a i drugih. Za kraj, za brigu o kulturnom naslijeđu važnija je razvijena svijest o očuvanju, nego tehnologije kojima se to postiže jer bez svijesti sva tehnologija i sve buduće tehnologije nemaju koristi

“Distant but Still Connected” – Cognitive Behavioural Therapy in the Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder During a Health Crisis

Cilj rada je prikazati slučaj desetogodišnjeg dječaka koji boluje od opsesivno-kompulzivnog poremećaja, opisati simptome poremećaja kod dječaka te prikazati kognitivno-bihevioralni tretman uz terapiju psihofarmacima. Dječak u dobi od 10 godina i 4 mjeseca dolazi na hitni pregled dječjem i adolescentnom psihijatru zbog pogoršanja teškoća iz anksioznog kruga, te se pregledom psihijatra ustanovi dijagnoza opsesivno-kompulzivnog poremećaja. U svakodnevnom funkcioniranju dječaku se javi opsesivna misao prijetećeg sadržaja, a cilj njegovih kompulzija bio je smanjiti povišenu razinu tjeskobe te prevenirati neki zastrašujući događaj, koji nije bio specificiran. Dječak je uključen u kognitivno-bihevioralni tretman uz psihofarmakološku terapiju propisanu od strane dječjeg i adolescentnog psihijatra. Zbog pandemije korona virusa tretman je prilagođen novonastalim okolnostima te se tijekom pandemije tretman održavao putem video poziva. U tretmanu opsesivno-kompulzivnog poremećaja u dječjoj i adolescentnoj dobi od iznimne je važnosti pravovremena dijagnostika i uključivanje u tretman, kao i uključenost roditelja u terapijski proces. Kognitivno-bihevioralna terapija je pokazala uspješnost u redukciji anksioznih teškoća dječaka, što je u skladu i s mnogobrojnim znanstvenim istraživanjima, pa se kognitivno-bihevioralna terapija smatra terapijom izbora u liječenju opsesivno-kompulzivnog poremećaja kod djece i mladih. Aktualna zdravstvena kriza promijenila je način pružanja psihoterapije u svijetu što zahtijeva i daljnje prilagođavanje novonastalim uvjetima, kako terapeuta tako i primatelja psihoterapijskih usluga.The aim of this paper was to present a case of a ten-year-old boy suffering from Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, to describe the symptoms of the disorder and to present cognitive-behavioral treatment with psychopharmaceutical therapy. A boy aged 10 years and 4 months came in for an urgent examination to a child and adolescent psychiatrist due to worsening anxiety difficulties, and a psychiatric examination established a diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder. An obsessive thought of threatening content came to mind in the daily functioning of the boy, and the goal of his compulsions was to reduce the elevated level of anxiety and prevent some frightening event, which was not specified. The boy was then included in cognitive-behavioural treatment with psychopharmacological therapy prescribed by the child and adolescent psychiatrist. Due to the coronavirus pandemic, the treatment was adapted to the new circumstances and during the pandemic the treatment was maintained via video call. In the treatment of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder in children and adolescents, timely diagnosis and involvement in treatment, as well as the involvement of parents in the therapeutic process are of utmost importance. Cognitive Behavioural Therapy has shown success in reducing the boy’s anxiety difficulties, which is in line with numerous scientific studies, so cognitive-behavioural therapy is considered the therapy of choice in the treatment of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder in children and adolescents. The current health crisis has changed the way psychotherapy is provided in the world, which requires further adaptation to the new conditions, both for therapists and recipients of psychotherapeutic services

Cognitive behavioral based treatment of selective mutism

Cilj: U ovoj studiji slučaja bit će predstavljen kognitivno-bihevioralni tretman djeteta s dijagnozom selektivnog mutizma, uz naglasak na važnosti multidisciplinarnog pristupa te važnosti uloge roditelja kao koterapeuta u procesu tretmana. Prikaz slučaja: Dječak u dobi od 6 godina i 8 mjeseci dolazi na prvu psihijatrijsku procjenu u Psihijatrijsku bolnicu za djecu i mladež u Zagrebu u pratnji roditelja, a po preporuci pedijatra. Prema navodima roditelja dječak je prije 5 mjeseci prestao komunicirati s vršnjacima, kao i s odraslima izvan obitelji. Dječak ne ide na dječje rođendane niti kod prijatelja na igru te zahtijeva stalnu prisutnost roditelja. Roditelji smatraju kako je okidač za prekid verbalne komunikacije bila hospitalizacija dječaka zbog drugih zdravstvenih problema, zbog čega je neko vrijeme bio odvojen od roditelja. Nakon multidisciplinarne obrade dječak je uključen u kontinuirani tretman psihologa i logopeda. Psihološki tretman odvijao se kroz godinu i pol dana, u ukupnom trajanju od 28 susreta, a dječak je za to vrijeme napredovao od toga da može razgovarati isključivo s bliskim članovima obitelji, do toga da može komunicirati s raznim ljudima izvan obiteljskog okruženja te bez teškoća funkcionirati u školi. Zaključak: Ovaj prikaz slučaja ukazuje na efikasnost kognitivno-bihevioralne terapije u tretmanu anksioznih poremećaja, što je u skladu s relevantnim znanstvenim istraživanjima. Pritom je stavljen naglasak na važnost multidisciplinarnog pristupa u interakciji između terapeuta, roditelja, škole te ostalih važnih sudionika u djetetovu okruženju.Aim: In this case study, a cognitive behavioral treatment of child with a selective mutism diagnosis will be presented, highlighting the importance of multidisciplinary approach and importance of parents being co-therapists during the treatment. Case report: A boy, 6 years and 8 months old, was brought by his parents to his first psychiatric examination to the Psychiatric hospital for Children and Adolescents in Zagreb, to which he was referred by his physician. According to his parents, 5 months ago he stopped communicating verbally with his peers and adults outside of family setting. The boy doesn’t attend children’s birthdays, nor does he go to his friend’s houses to play, demanding parent’s presence all day long. Parents believe that the problem was triggered by the boy’s hospitalization and separation from parents, due to his medical issues. After the multidisciplinary examination the boy was included in continuous treatment of both psychologist and speech therapist. Psychological treatment lasted for 1,5 year and included 28 sessions in total. During the treatment, the boy improved from being able to speak only with close family members to being able to communicate openly with other people in public setting, e.g. at school. Conclusion: This study indicates efficiency of cognitive behavioral therapy in treating anxiety disorders, which is accordant to relevant scientific research. This case study places importance on the multidisciplinary approach in interaction between therapist, parents, school and all other relevant participants in the child’s social environment

Characteristics of suicidal behavior among children and adolescents – data review in Emergency department of the Psychiatric Hospital for Children and Adolescents in Zagreb during 2019 and 2020

Cilj: Utvrditi i analizirati određene karakteristike kliničkog uzorka djece i adolescenata sa suicidalnim ponašanjima tijekom 2019. i 2020. godine te pojavnost suicidalnog ponašanja tijekom određenih mjeseci u objema godinama. Metode: Provedeno je presječno, retrogradno, deskriptivno istraživanje na kliničkom uzorku 2428 djece/adolescenata pregledanih u jednoj hitnoj psihijatrijskoj ambulanti. Od navedenog uzorka 447 je izvještavalo o suicidalnom ponašanju. Rezultati: Zabilježeno je postojanje većeg udjela suicidalnih ideja, suicidalnih pripremnih aktivnosti i suicidalnih pokušaja kod djece i mladih u 2020. u odnosu na 2019. godinu. Tijekom svibnja (32,8 % naspram 10,4 %), kolovoza (30,6 % naspram 15,1 %) i rujna 2020. (38,0 % naspram 7,8 %) ta je razlika istatistički značajna za suicidalne ideje (svi p < 0,05). Bilježi se porast suicidalnih pripremnih aktivnosti u 2020. godini čiji je udio statistički značajno viši tijekom svibnja (25,0 % naspram 8,1 %), rujna (17,7 % naspram 6,8 %) i studenog (20,6 % naspram 9,5 %) u odnosu na iste mjesece u 2019. godini (svi p < 0,05). Tijekom svibnja (15,6 % naspram 4,4 %) i kolovoza (6,5 % naspram 0,0 %) značajno je viši udio pokušaja suicida u 2020. u odnosu na 2019. godinu (svi p < 0,05). Medijan dobi pacijenata je 15 godina (8-19). Rezultati pokazuju da je suicidalno ponašanje zastupljenije među pacijenticama, najčešća metoda pokušaja suicida je intoksikacija lijekovima, uz statistički značajne spolne razlike u metodama pokušaja suicida. Kod djevojčica/adolescentica zastupljeniji su emocionalni poremećaji, a kod dječaka/adolescenata mješoviti poremećaj ophođenja i emocija. Zaključci: Rezultate istraživanja treba razmotriti u kontekstu ograničenja te ih ne možemo generalizirati. Potrebno je u budućim istraživanjima razmatrati faktore koji mogu pridonijeti složenom fenomenu suicidalnog ponašanja djece i adolescenata, prepoznavati pravodobno djecu i mlade u riziku te jačati preventivne programe.Aim: Determine and analyze certain characteristics of the clinical sample of children and adolescents with suicidal behaviors during 2019 and 2020, as well as the incidence of suicidal behaviors during certain months in both years. Methods: A crosssection, retrograde, descriptive study was conducted on a clinical sample of 2428 children/adolescents, examined in one emergency psychiatric department during 2019 and 2020. Of the total sample, 447 children/adolescents reported suicidal behavior. Results: There were statistically significantly higher rates of suicidal ideas, suicidal preparatory activities and suicidal attempts in children and young people in 2020 compared to 2019. During May (32.8% vs. 10.4%), August (30.6% vs.15.1%) and September 2020 (38.0% vs. 7.8%), this difference is statistically significant (all p<0.05) for suicidal ideas. There was a significant increase in suicidal preparatory activities in 2020 (all p<0.05) during May (25.0% vs. 8.1%), September (17.7% vs. 6.8%) and November (20.6% vs. 9.5%) compared to the same months in 2019. During May (15.6% vs. 4.4%) and August (6.5% vs. 0.0%) there is a significant increase in suicidal attempts (all p<0.05) in 2020 compared to 2019. The median age of the patients was 15 years (8-19). The results show that suicidal behavior is more prevalent among female patients, the most common method of suicide attempt is drug intoxication, and statistically significant gender differences in suicide attempt methods are obtained. Emotional disorders are more common in girls/adolescents, and mixed behavioral and emotional disorders in boys/adolescents. Conclusions: Results of this research should be considered in the context of study’s limitations, so it is impossible to generalize these findings. Other factors must be considered in future research, which may contribute to the complex phenomenon of suicidal behavior of children and adolescents. Also, it is important to recognize children and young people at risk of suicidal behavior and strengthen prevention programs

Bringing nature indoors: Design and development of indoor living spaces in harmony with nature for active and healthy ageing in urban environments

The focus of this research is improving the well-being and happiness of the elderly in terms of the design and development of their indoor living spaces in harmony with nature. Multiple scientific studies have pointed out the benefits and importance of nature for people, especially for children and older populations. These benefits (increased participation in physical activities, improved mental health and cognitive function and an increase in social interaction) found through access to nature are key ingredients to well-being during ageing. As our population ages rapidly, and at the same time, the majority of people live in cities since urbanisation is continuing worldwide, it is important to provide and foster reconnection with nature for the senior members of our communities. Today’s cities suffer from many health and environmental problems. In recent years, the growing awareness of sustainability and climate change issues has made it even more apparent that bringing nature into our homes is essential. Bringing nature indoors causes people to feel happier, healthier, calmer, and, at the same time more energetic and optimistic about their lives. Natural environments also help to improve sleeping patterns, reduce pain, speed up recovery and even increase longevity. This research deals with different design strategies, principles, scales, concepts and patterns of biophilic design for elderly people, as well as their different benefits for health and well-being, with the aim of improving the design of dwelling environments in urban areas. The research also stimulates further discussions about the question of how bringing nature indoors through design (of interior/ architectural spaces, furniture) can improve the well-being of the elderly and how these can enable them to undertake activities that contribute to their well-being. It means creating a sensitive and responsive design that highlights a) a visual connection to nature, b) pulpability and soundness of nature and c) nurturing a sense of place, a community in which the role of aesthetics is crucial for behavioural change

“Don’t leave, please” – cognitive behavioural treatment of a child with separation anxiety disorder

Separacijski anksiozni poremećaj (SAP) ili anksiozni poremećaj zbog separacije u djetinjstvu dijagnosticira se kada strah od odvajanja od osoba za koje je dijete vezano (roditelj ili druge osobe – figure privrženosti) čini žarište anksioznosti. Ubraja se u najučestalije anksiozne poremećaje u djece mlađe od 12 godina s tipičnim početkom u dobi 8-12 godina. Povezan je s izbjegavajućim ponašanjem što može dovesti do poteškoća na emocionalnom i socijalnom planu, a u težim slučajevima rezultirati narušenim školskim funkcioniranjem te reduciranim sveopćim funkcioniranjem djeteta. Prikazujemo slučaj dječaka u dobi od 10,5 godina, koji je nakon multidisciplinske timske obrade kojom je utvrđeno postojanje značajnih teškoća iz anksioznog kruga s dominantnim separacijskim poteškoćama, uključen u kognitivno-bihevioralni tretman. Cilj ovog rada je prikazati važnost multidisciplinskog pristupa dijagnostici i liječenju, suvremene spoznaje kognitivno-bihevioralnog pristupa i tretmana te doprinos uključenosti roditelja kao koterapeuta u implementaciji tehnika radi boljeg ishoda cjelokupnog tretmana.Separation anxiety disorder (SAD), or anxiety disorder due to separation in childhood, is diagnosed when the fear of separation from an attachment figure is the focus of anxiety. The level of separation anxiety has to be inappropriate for the age of the child and accompanied by impaired functioning. SAD is the most common anxiety disorder among children under the age of 12, with a typical onset at the age of 8-12 years. A common feature of separation anxiety disorder is avoidance behaviour, and if left untreated can lead to strong emotional distress or affect social life of a child, family and educational functioning. In this paper, we describe a boy aged 10 years and 5 months (4th grade of elementary school), who was referred for multidisciplinary team assessment, was diagnosed with anxiety disorder (with dominant separation anxiety problems) and was later included in cognitive-behavioural therapy. This article presents recent findings on cognitive-behavioural approach and treatment and discusses the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in assessment and treatment of SAD as well as the parents’ participation in CBT implementation to improve treatment outcome

Bilateral Synchronous Breast Cancer

We report a rare case of synchronous bilateral breast cancer in 79-year old female patient treated at our hospital. The tumors were discovered one year ago after a complete clinical and radiological (mammography, US) examination with cytopunction of tumor masses. Results came back and showed carcinomas of both breasts. Patient underwent surgical removal of the both breasts with bilateral axillary lymphadenectomy. Later histological examination confirmed earlier diagnosis of invasive ductal carcinoma in both breasts in a G3 stage. After surgical removal of the tumors patient was also treated with radiotherapy. One year after bilateral mastectomy and axillary lymphadenectomy, clinical and radiological examination that included mammography and ultrasound of breast with tumor marker C15-3 which was 2.8, we did not found recurrence of the tumor

Orbitalni kavernozni hemangiom

The aim of this case report was to present a patient with a benign orbital tumor, cavernous hemangioma, who presented with symptoms of compressive orbital mass: unilateral axial proptosis, with motility restriction and sudden vision loss in the left eye. Ophthalmologic examination (visual acuity, applanation tonometry, Goldmann tonometer, visual field) and radiologic examination diagnosed a benign, well circumscribed, vascular, intraconal tumor that compresses the optic nerve. Treatment was operative: lateral orbitectomy Krönlein procedure and the tumor was removed. Pathologic and pathohistologic examination confirmed the previous diagnosis. Follow up examination, visual field and MRI of the orbit showed considerable improvement. Surgical treatment was also the final treatment and no adjuvant therapy was necessary. Prognosis for visual acuity and life is excellent.Cilj ovog rada bio je prikazati slučaj pacijentice s benignim tumorom orbite, kavernoznim hemangiomom, koji se javlja sa simptomima kompresivne tvorbe u orbiti: unilateralnom proptozom, smetnjama motiliteta te naglim gubitkom vida lijevog oka. Oftalmološkom obradom (ispitivanje vidne oštrine, aplanacijska tonometrija, ispitivanje vidnog polja po Goldmannu) te radiološkom obradom (MR, MSCT, MSCT angiografija) postavlja se dijagnoza benigne, dobro ograničene, vaskularne tvorbe u konusu koja pritišće očni živac. Pristupilo se operativnom zahvatu, napravila se lateralna orbitektomija po Krönleinu i odstranio tumor u cijelosti. Patološka i patohistološka pretraga potvrđuju raniju dijagnozu. Postoperativni tijek protiče uredno te se na nalazu kontrolnog vidnog polja i kontrolnim snimkama MR-a utvrđuje značajno poboljšanje. Kod pacijentice je kirurško liječenje bilo i konačno te nije bila potrebna dodatna terapija. Prognoza za vidnu oštrinu i život je odlična

Cognitive Behavioural Therapy of a Child with Hyperkinetic Disorder

Hiperkinetski poremećaj ili poremećaj pažnje s hiperaktivnošću (engl. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder - ADHD) neurorazvojni je poremećaj karakteriziran trijasom simptoma: hiperaktivnost, poremećaj pozornosti i impulzivnost. Postoje tri tipa ADHD-a: predominantno hiperaktivni/impulzivni, predominantno nepažljivi i kombinirani tip. Prevalencija ovog poremećaja iznosi oko 2-7 % kod djece školske dobi te se četiri do pet puta češće javlja u dječaka nego u djevojčica. Za postavljanje dijagnoze potrebni su jasni dokazi klinički značajnog oštećenja socijalnog, akademskog ili radnog funkcioniranja u dvije sredine (vrtić/škola, obitelj). Prikazan je slučaj dječaka u dobi od 6 g. i 10 mj. kojemu je nakon timske obrade (pregled psihijatra, psihologa, logopeda, EEG pretrage i neurologa) dijagnosticiran hiperkinetski poremećaj te je uključen u kognitivno-bihevioralni tretman. Uključenost roditelja kao koterapeuta omogućila je bolje provođenje i implementaciju bihevioralnih i kognitivnih tehnika u svakodnevnom životu. Rano postavljanje dijagnoze i uključivanje u tretman omogućava bolje funkcioniranje djeteta u školi i kod kuće te smanjuje vjerojatnost razvoja sekundarnih poremećaja.Hyperkinetic disorder or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by three main symptoms: hyperactivity, attention deficit disorder, and impulsiveness. There are three types of ADHD: the predominantly hyperactive/impulsive type, predominantly inattentive, and combination type. The prevalence is 2-7% of school-age children, and it is 4 to 5 times greater in male than female children. Establishing the diagnosis requires clear evidence of significant impairment in social, academic, or work functioning in at least two environments (school/kindergarten and at home). In this paper, we describe a case of a boy aged 6 years and 10 months (1stgrade of elementary school) who was referred toa multidisciplinary team assessment (child psychiatrist, psychologist, speech therapist, neuropediatrician, and EEG). A diagnosisof hyperkinetic disorder was established, and the boy was included in cognitive behavioural therapy. The inclusion of parents as cotherapists enabled better implementation of behavioural and cognitive techniques in everyday life. Early detection/diagnosis and appropriate treatment leads to better outcomes and better child functioning, while also preventing development of secondary disorders

Cognitive Behavioural Therapy of a Child with Hyperkinetic Disorder

Hiperkinetski poremećaj ili poremećaj pažnje s hiperaktivnošću (engl. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder - ADHD) neurorazvojni je poremećaj karakteriziran trijasom simptoma: hiperaktivnost, poremećaj pozornosti i impulzivnost. Postoje tri tipa ADHD-a: predominantno hiperaktivni/impulzivni, predominantno nepažljivi i kombinirani tip. Prevalencija ovog poremećaja iznosi oko 2-7 % kod djece školske dobi te se četiri do pet puta češće javlja u dječaka nego u djevojčica. Za postavljanje dijagnoze potrebni su jasni dokazi klinički značajnog oštećenja socijalnog, akademskog ili radnog funkcioniranja u dvije sredine (vrtić/škola, obitelj). Prikazan je slučaj dječaka u dobi od 6 g. i 10 mj. kojemu je nakon timske obrade (pregled psihijatra, psihologa, logopeda, EEG pretrage i neurologa) dijagnosticiran hiperkinetski poremećaj te je uključen u kognitivno-bihevioralni tretman. Uključenost roditelja kao koterapeuta omogućila je bolje provođenje i implementaciju bihevioralnih i kognitivnih tehnika u svakodnevnom životu. Rano postavljanje dijagnoze i uključivanje u tretman omogućava bolje funkcioniranje djeteta u školi i kod kuće te smanjuje vjerojatnost razvoja sekundarnih poremećaja.Hyperkinetic disorder or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by three main symptoms: hyperactivity, attention deficit disorder, and impulsiveness. There are three types of ADHD: the predominantly hyperactive/impulsive type, predominantly inattentive, and combination type. The prevalence is 2-7% of school-age children, and it is 4 to 5 times greater in male than female children. Establishing the diagnosis requires clear evidence of significant impairment in social, academic, or work functioning in at least two environments (school/kindergarten and at home). In this paper, we describe a case of a boy aged 6 years and 10 months (1stgrade of elementary school) who was referred toa multidisciplinary team assessment (child psychiatrist, psychologist, speech therapist, neuropediatrician, and EEG). A diagnosisof hyperkinetic disorder was established, and the boy was included in cognitive behavioural therapy. The inclusion of parents as cotherapists enabled better implementation of behavioural and cognitive techniques in everyday life. Early detection/diagnosis and appropriate treatment leads to better outcomes and better child functioning, while also preventing development of secondary disorders