TCRと抗原ペプチド/MHC分子の親和性を指標としたTAAsの同定

金沢大学附属病院腫瘍細胞が過剰発現し,末梢寛容の誘導が不完全な自己抗原の中から新たな腫瘍抗原(TAAs)を同定し,同種造血幹細胞移植(allo-SCT)ドナーとレシピエントのTAAsに対する寛容の差を考慮したワクチン療法の開発を進めている.細胞周期調節タンパクであるCDK2タンパクは白血病細胞で過剰発現しており,HLA-A^*2402陽性健常者のCD8陽性ナイーヴT細胞からCDK2由来のHLA-A^*2402拘束性9mer自己抗原ペプチド(CDK2_158, CDK2_178)特異的細胞傷害性T細胞(CTL)が誘導される.HLA一致allo-SCTドナーから誘導したCDK2由来ペプチド特異的CTL(CDK2-CTL)は,ドナー及び患者の正常血液細胞と患者白血病細胞のCDK2タンパクの発現量の差を認識して,患者白血病細胞のみを特異的に傷害する.昨年度に引き続き,18例のHLA-A^*2402陽性移植例を対象として,allo-SCT後のCDK2に対する免疫の誘導と抗白血病効果との関連性を,CDK2ペプチド/HLA-A24マルチマーを用いて検討した.移植後CDK2-CTLが検出された7例は全例寛解を維持しており,移植時に血液学的寛解で分子学的微小残存病変(MRD)が検出されていた(腫瘍量が少ない)例では,移植時分子学的寛解(腫瘍量が全くない)例や血液学的再発(腫瘍量が多い)例に比べて移植後のCDK2-CTL誘導率が有意に高いことが確認された(p=0.02).骨髄性白血病患者の診断時末梢血から純化し,TNFαの存在下で短期間培養後に成熟させた白血病細胞由来樹状細胞(LDC)を抗原提示細胞として,HLA-A^*2402陽性健常者のCD8性ナイーヴT細胞を繰り返し刺激して誘導した培養T細胞は,寛解時患者末梢血単核細胞には反応せず,患者白血病細胞との共培養でIFNγを産生した(0.34%vs10.5%).この白血病細胞反応T細胞の中には,LDC刺激前には検出されなかったCDK2ペプチド/HLA-A24マルチマー陽性細胞が検出され,白血病細胞反応T細胞はCDK2ペプチドに反応してIFNγを産生した.allo-SCT後にCDK2-CTLが誘導されるメカニズムとして,移植時にわずかに残存するLDCがドナー由来のT細胞をプライミングし移植後CDK2に機能的結合性の高いCTLが誘導され,残存する白血病を特異的に傷害することが示唆された.研究課題/領域番号:17790641, 研究期間(年度):2005 – 2007出典：「TCRと抗原ペプチド/MHC分子の親和性を指標としたTAAsの同定」研究成果報告書　課題番号17790641（KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所））（https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/ja/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-17790641/)を加工して作

Long-term survivor of relapsed MFH on the thigh treated with autologous formalin-fixed tumor vaccine (AFTV) combined with limb-sparing surgery and radiotherapy

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) is an aggressive spindle cell cancer of soft-tissue sarcoma type in the elderly, mostly affecting the extremities. Lesions > 5 cm, positive margins, and local recurrence are significant poor prognostic indicators. The strongest predictor for distant metastasis was tumor size (> 5 cm), and for overall survival, presence of local recurrence. Limb-sparing extensive tumor resection is preferred to achieve negative surgical margins. However, in some circumstances, amputation is inevitable. Recent studies demonstrated that adjuvant radiotherapy for microscopically positive surgical margins significantly improved local control and disease-free survival rates. Therefore, effective therapeutic strategies against locally relapsed high grade MFH are required to prevent distant metastasis and to achieve long-term disease-free survival. Here, we report local relapse of high grade MFH treated by successive application of autologous formalin-fixed tumor vaccination (AFTV) with limb-sparing surgery and postoperative radiotherapy. The patient is alive and well, disease-free and with no functional impairment, more than five years after treatment

移植片対白血病効果発現時に慢性骨髄性白血病を認識して増殖するT細胞クローンの患者生体内および試験管内での同定

取得学位 : 博士（医学）, 学位授与番号 : 医博乙第1548号 , 学位授与年月日 : 平成14年2月6日, 学位授与大学 : 金沢大

同種造血幹細胞移植ドナー由来のT細胞が認識する白血病抗原の同定

金沢大学附属病院移植片対白血病(graf-versus-leulkemia, GVL)効果の誘導を目的としたドナーリンパ球輸注療法(donor leukocyte infusion, DLI)によって、同種造血幹細胞移植後の慢性骨髄性白血病(chronic myelogenous leukemia, CML)再発の大部分は寛解に至る。本年は、これまでにわれわれが同定したGVL効果担当BV16陽性T細胞クローンのエピトープの同定を試みた。VB16陽性T細胞クローンのCDR3領域についてアミノ酸配列を決定した結果、このT細胞クローンのCDR3領域はmyelin basic proteinを認識するT細胞クローンと同様のモチーフを有しており、HLA-DRB1*1501拘束性にCD49bIドメインを認識できる可能性が考えられた。患者とドナーのCD49bIドメインではコドン256に変異がみられ健常人を対象とした解析の結果患者型とドナー型の対立遺伝子の頻渡は0.66と0.34であった。患者とドナーはそれぞれの対立遺伝子のホモであった。次に、ドナーの樹状細胞に患者型DC49bIドメイン由来の15-merペプチドをパルスした後に放射線照射し、DLI後寛解時に患者から採取したドナー由来のT細胞と2週間培養したところ、in vivoで同定したクローンと同じCDR3モチーフを有するBV16陽性T細胞が増殖した。さらにこのT細胞は患者型CD49bIドメイン由来の15-merペプチドをパルスしたHLA-DRB1*1501導入・細胞に対してのみ有意に細胞増殖活性を示した。以上のことから、CD49bは初めて同定されたHLA-DRB1*1501拘束性組織適合抗原であり、GVL効果の標的抗原と考えられた。研究課題/領域番号:13770579, 研究期間(年度):2001-2002出典：「同種造血幹細胞移植ドナー由来のT細胞が認識する白血病抗原の同定」研究成果報告書　課題番号13770579（KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所）） （ https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/ja/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13770579/ ）を加工して作

Predominant Magnetic States in Hubbard Model on Anisotropic Triangular Lattices

Using an optimization variational Monte Carlo method, we study the half-filled-band Hubbard model on anisotropic triangular lattices, as a continuation of the preceding study [J. Phys. Soc. Jpn 75, 074707 (2006)]. We introduce two new trial states: (i) A coexisting state of (\pi,\pi)-antiferromagnetic (AF) and a d-wave singlet gaps, in which we allow for a band renormalization effect, and (ii) a state with an AF order of 120^\circ spin structure. In both states, a first-order metal-to-insulator transition occurs at smaller U/t than that of the pure d-wave state. In insulating regimes, magnetic orders always exist; an ordinary (\pi,\pi)-AF order survives up to t'/t\sim 0.9 (U/t=12), and a 120^\circ-AF order becomes dominant for t'/t \gsim 0.9. The regimes of the robust superconductor and of the nonmagnetic insulator the preceding study proposed give way to these magnetic domains.Comment: 11 pages, 14 figure

Application of neutron diffraction technique to industrial materials

金沢大学大学院自然科学研究科As an important industrial problem, the rolling contact fatigue damage is accumulated in rails during the repeated passage of trains over the rails, and rail failures may occur from the cracks grown in the rails. In order to prevent such rail failures, the estimation of the behavior of internal rail cracks is required based on the exact engineering analysis model as well as conducting rail test to search rail defects. The purposes of this paper are to apply the neutron stress measurement to rails, and to obtain residual stress state in the rails for the above purpose. The rail samples used were those that have been used in service line in Japan for about six years (222 million gross tons). The neutron measurement was conducted using the Residual Stress Analyzer (RESA) of the Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA). The present measurement of stresses in rails by the neutron diffraction method was the first attempt in Japan

aPKC and DOC2b in glucose transport

Aims/introduction: Double C2 domain protein b (DOC2b), one of the synaptotagmins, has been shown to translocate to the plasma membrane, and to initiate membrane-fusion processes of vesicles containing glucose transporter 4 proteins on insulin stimulation. However, the mechanism by which DOC2b is regulated remains unclear. Herein, we identified the upstream regulatory factors of DOC2b in insulin signal transduction. We also examined the role of DOC2b on systemic homeostasis using DOC2b knockout (KO) mice. Materials and Methods: We first identified DOC2b binding proteins by immunoprecipitation and mutagenesis experiments. Then, DOC2b KO mice were generated by disrupting the first exon of the DOC2b gene. In addition to the histological examination, glucose metabolism was assessed by measuring parameters on glucose/insulin tolerance tests. Insulin-stimulated glucose uptake was also measured using isolated soleus muscle and epididymal adipose tissue. Results: We identified an isoform of atypical protein kinase C (protein kinase C iota) that can bind to DOC2b and phosphorylates one of the serine residues of DOC2b (S34). This phosphorylation is essential for DOC2b translocation. DOC2b KO mice showed insulin resistance and impaired oral glucose tolerance on insulin and glucose tolerance tests, respectively. Insulin-stimulated glucose uptake was impaired in isolated soleus muscle and epididymal adipose tissues from DOC2b KO mice. Conclusions: We propose a novel insulin signaling mechanism by which protein kinase C iota phosphorylates DOC2b, leading to glucose transporter 4 vesicle translocation, fusion and facilitation of glucose uptake in response to insulin. The present results also showed DOC2b to play important roles in systemic glucose homeostasis

Macrophage colony-stimulating factor enhances rituximab-dependent cellular cytotoxicity by monocytes

医薬保健研究域医学系Recent studies suggest that monocytes are the dominant effectors by which rituximab induces cell death in B-cell lymphoma. Because macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) can enhance the cytotoxicity of monocytes, the authors examined whether this growth factor can enhance their ability to kill lymphoma cells in vitro. Monocytes derived from a healthy volunteer were cultured for 48 h in the presence or absence of M-CSF. Monocytes stimul ated with M-CSF were significantly more cytotoxic to Daudi B-cell lymphomas than unstimulated monocytes. Flow cytometry revealed that M-CSF increased monocyte expression of Fcγ receptors III and I by 1.6- and 1.5-fold, whereas the expression of Fcγ receptor II remained unchanged. These results suggest that pretreatment with M-CSF can improve the therapeutic efficacy of rituximab against intractable CD20+ lymphoma. © 2007 Japanese Cancer Association