Attention in Children with Hearing Loss during Telepractice and In-person Speech Language Therapy

How does the use of telepractice during speech-language therapy affect the attention of children with hearing loss who received cochlear implants (CI) in comparison to in-person intervention? The study examined the production and comprehension of clinician’s speech in children with CIs (n = 5, mean age = 61.6 months, range = 34 months) during one 30 minute in-person session and one sequential tele-session, order counterbalanced. Child verbal, tactile, and visual actions were coded as correct, incorrect, off-task, and silence responses to the clinician’s and maternal speech. In production, correct responses were defined as the correct reproduction of the clinician’s/maternal target utterances; incorrect child response was defined as any other utterance following the clinician’s/maternal target utterances within 3 seconds; off-task child response was defined as being distracted; silence response was defined as child being silent. In comprehension, the same codes were used but including a child’s gestures and looking at the target object. Child’s production and comprehension responses (correct, incorrect, off-task, and silence) in tele- vs. in-person sessions were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. During clinician-child interaction, there were more correct responses in in-person than tele-sessions in comprehension. During mother-child interaction, there were more correct responses in tele- than in-person sessions in both production and comprehension. These results suggest that the child’s attention in comprehension and production, as demonstrated by the occurrence of correct responses, is dependent on the type of therapy.https://ir.library.louisville.edu/uars/1037/thumbnail.jp

Vortex density waves and high-frequency second sound in superfluid turbulence hydrodynamics

In this paper we show that a recent hydrodynamical model of superfluid turbulence describes vortex density waves and their effects on the speed of high-frequency second sound. In this frequency regime, the vortex dynamics is not purely diffusive, as for low frequencies, but exhibits ondulatory features, whose influence on the second sound is here explored.Comment: 8 page

Governance framework for Quipuswap - automated decentralized exchange

This paper contains an analysis of decentralized exchange governance as an effective framework for voting, profit sharing baking and partially updating the system with a possibility to create new pairs for decentralized exchange with automatic market-making. It will also review 2 alternative baker election and rotation mechanisms such as “Simple first-place voting protocol” and “First-place with veto protocol” and will provide a more in-depth look on these mechanisms. It will examine a proposed architectural software solution for monitoring the decentralized network to mediate deviant baker behavior - the watchtower

Attenuated palmitoylation of serotonin receptor 5-HT1A affects receptor function and contributes to depression-like behaviors

The serotonergic system and in particular serotonin 1A receptor (5-HT1AR) are implicated in major depressive disorder (MDD). Here we demonstrated that 5-HT1AR is palmitoylated in human and rodent brains, and identified ZDHHC21 as a major palmitoyl acyltransferase, whose depletion reduced palmitoylation and consequently signaling functions of 5-HT1AR. Two rodent models for depression-like behavior show reduced brain ZDHHC21 expression and attenuated 5-HT1AR palmitoylation. Moreover, selective knock-down of ZDHHC21 in the murine forebrain induced depression-like behavior. We also identified the microRNA miR-30e as a negative regulator of Zdhhc21 expression. Through analysis of the post-mortem brain samples in individuals with MDD that died by suicide we find that miR-30e expression is increased, while ZDHHC21 expression, as well as palmitoylation of 5-HT1AR, are reduced within the prefrontal cortex. Our study suggests that downregulation of 5-HT1AR palmitoylation is a mechanism involved in depression, making the restoration of 5-HT1AR palmitoylation a promising clinical strategy for the treatment of MDD

Communicative Function and Diversity in Provider, Deaf and Hard-of-hearing Child, and Caregiver Speech during Telepractice

How does the use of telepractice during speech language therapy affect the communicative function and communicative diversity of provider, deaf and hard-of-hearing (DHH) pediatric patient, and caregiver speech? This study examined communicative functions and diversity in the provider, DHH children with cochlear implants (n = 7, mean age = 4.9 years, range = 3.5-6.75 years), and caregiver utterances during one 30-minute in-person and one sequential tele session, order counterbalanced. To measure communicative function, each utterance was classified into 16 mutually exclusive categories for the child and into 15 categories for the adults. Communicative diversity was calculated as the number of different kinds of utterances that each participant used [range = 1-17]. The analysis of communicative categories demonstrated that the child used one category (description) more often in the in person than in the tele session. The provider used more repetitions and expansions in the tele than the in-person session. The provider produced more closed and open questions, decontextualized references, action/play directive, negation in the in-person than the tele session. The caregiver used six categories (repetition, affirmation, label, open question, action/play directive, confirmation) more often in the tele than the in-person session. The provider speech was more pragmatically diverse in the in-person than the tele session. No significant difference in DHH children and caregiver diversity scores was found. The results suggest that the communicative function and communicative diversity of the provider, pediatric patient, and caregiver speech are affected by remote communication such as telepractice.https://ir.library.louisville.edu/uars/1048/thumbnail.jp

Numerical simulation of stochastic vortex tangles

We present the results of simulation of the chaotic dynamics of quantized vortices in the bulk of superfluid He II. Evolution of vortex lines is calculated on the base of the Biot-Savart law. The dissipative effects appeared from the interaction with the normal component, or/and from relaxation of the order parameter are taken into account. Chaotic dynamics appears in the system via a random forcing, e.i. we use the Langevin approach to the problem. In the present paper we require the correlator of the random force to satisfy the fluctuation-disspation relation, which implies that thermodynamic equilibrium should be reached. In the paper we describe the numerical methods for integration of stochastic differential equation (including a new algorithm for reconnection processes), and we present the results of calculation of some characteristics of a vortex tangle such as the total length, distribution of loops in the space of their length, and the energy spectrum.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figure