The influence of relative humidity on fires in forests of Central Poland

The purpose of the present work was to answer the question of how and to what extent information about low air humidity in a selected area can be used in determining the fire risk. The central region as defined in the Classification of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS) was selected for the study, because this classification is also used in the National Fire Information System, which provides data on the number of forest fires. Data on humidity for a given region were taken from the synoptic or climatic station of The Institute of Meteorology and Water Management – National Research Institute (IMGW-PIB) located in the region

Climate change trends, grape production, and potential alcohol concentration in wine from the "Romagna Sangiovese" appellation area (Italy)

The trend of climate change and its effect on grape production and wine composition was evaluated using a real case study of seven wineries located in the \u201cRomagna Sangiovese\u201d appellation area (northern Italy), one of the most important wine producing region of Italy. This preliminary study focused on three key aspects: (i) Assessment of climate change trends by calculating bioclimatic indices over the last 61 years (from 1953 to 2013) in the Romagna Sangiovese area: significant increasing trends were found for the maximum, mean, and minimum daily temperatures, while a decreasing trend was found for precipitation during the growing season period (April\u2013October). Mean growing season temperature was 18.49 \ub0C, considered as warm days in the Romagna Sangiovese area and optimal for vegetative growth of Sangiovese, while nights during the ripening months were cold (13.66 \ub0C). The rise of temperature shifted studied area from the temperate/warm temperate to the warm temperate-/warm grape-growing region (according to the Huglin classification). (ii) Relation between the potential alcohol content from seven wineries and the climate change from 2001 to 2012: dry spell index (DSI) and Huglin index (HI) suggested a large contribution to increasing level of potential alcohol in Sangiovese wines, whereas DSI showed higher correlation with potential alcohol respect to the HI. (iii) Relation between grape production and the climate change from 1982 to 2012: a significant increasing trend was found with little effect of the climate change trends estimated with used bioclimatic indices. Practical implication at viticultural and oenological levels is discussed