遺伝子組み換え食品に関する日本の消費者意識に関する国際比較

BACKGROUND: Reports of food-related incidents, such as cows infected with bovine spongiform encephalopathy (2001) and the Fukushima nuclear accident (2011), engendered significant fear among Japanese consumers and led to multiple farmer suicides, even when no actual health damage occurred. The growing availability of genetically modified (GM) food is occurring against this backdrop of concern about food safety. Consumers need information to assess risk and make informed purchasing decisions. However, we lack a clear picture of Japanese consumer perceptions of GM food. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to understand Japanese consumer perceptions of GM food for risk communication. Consumer perceptions of GM food were compared among 4 nations. METHODS: A Web-based survey was conducted in Japan, the United States, the United Kingdom, and France. Participants were asked about demographics, fear of health hazards, resistance to GM and breeding-improved products, perception of GM technology and products, and willingness to pay. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted, as were t tests on dichotomous variables, and 1-way analysis of variance and post hoc tests. RESULTS: Of 1812 individuals who agreed to participate, 1705 (94%) responded: 457 from Japan and 416 each from France, the United States, and the United Kingdom. The male/female and age group ratios were all about even. Some resistance to GM food was seen in all countries in this study. France showed the strongest resistance (P<.001), followed by Japan, which had stronger resistance than the United States and the United Kingdom (P<.001). Overall, females, people in their 60s and older, and those without higher education showed the greatest resistance to GM food. Japan showed stronger fear of food hazards than other nations (P<.001, odds ratio=2.408, CI: 1.614-3.594); Japanese and French respondents showed the strongest fear of hazards from GM food (P<.001). Regarding perceptions of GM technology and products, consumers in nations other than Japan would accept GM food if it were appropriately explained, they were provided with scientific data supporting its safety, and they understood that all food carries some risk. However, Japanese consumers tended to accept GM technology but rejected its application to food (P<.001). Of those willing to purchase GM food, consumers in Japan required a discount of 30% compared with about 20% in other nations. CONCLUSION: All consumers in our study showed resistance to GM food. Although no health hazards are known, respondents in Japan and France strongly recognized GM food as a health risk. Price discounts of 30% and GM technology may be communication cues to start discussions about GM food among Japanese consumers. Although education-only risk communication generally is not effective, such an approach may work in Japan to help consumers better understand GM technology and, eventually, GM food. The gap between accepting GM technology and rejecting its application to food should be explored further.博士（医学）・乙第1390号・平成29年3月15日Copyright © Keiko Komoto, Sawako Okamoto, Miki Hamada, Naoya Obana, Mami Samori, Tomoaki Imamura. Originally published in the Interactive Journal of Medical Research (http://www.i-jmr.org/), 29.08.2016. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in the Interactive Journal of Medical Research, is properly cited. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on http://www.i-jmr.org/, as well as this copyright and license information must be included

岡山県内保育所の園児定員数の推移調査(1)

本資料は,岡山県内に平成11年現存している保育所404園を対象に,設置年,保育所の沿革,措置児童数の推移,措置定員の推移,特別保育事業の開始年度等についての調査を実施した際,明らかになった園児定員数の推移結果を2編にわたってまとめた第1編(市別編)である。本編では岡山県内10市の保育所の昭和23年から平成11年までの園児定員数の全体推移(表1)と公立・私立別の推移(表2)を分けて掲載している

岡山県内保育所の園児定員数の推移調査(2)

本資料は,岡山県内の保育所404園を対象に,設置年,保育所の沿革,措置児童数の推移,措置定員の推移,特別保育事業の開始年度等についての調査を実施した際,明らかになった園児定員数の推移結果を2編にわたってまとめた第2編(郡部別編)である。本編では岡山県内18郡の保育所の昭和23年から平成11年までの園児定員数を公立・私立別にまとめ,第1編にまとめている岡山県10市の園児定員数の推移結果とあわせて比較検討し考察を行っている

創造的身体表現活動の保育内容及び方法について : 「リズム運動」を作ることに焦点をあてて

幼児の自然な表出である「模倣遊び」や「ごっこ遊び」を踏まえて,子どもたち自身が「自分の動き」「自分たちの創った動き」と捉えられるような表現活動(創造的身体表現活動)の保育内容及び方法の作成を目指して,特に「リズム運動」を作る場面に焦点を当てて,その際の指導・援助の意図や留意点を中心に,保育者の関わりや役割,子どもの様子,実践後の課題などをまとめたものである