The influence of variety and fertilization on yield and content of vitamin c in the root of parsley (Petroselinum ssp.)

The two-year research investigated the impact of different varieties and fertilizers on the root yield and the vitamin C content in the root of parsley. Three varieties of parsley were used and three fertilization treatments were applied (mineral, organic and organomineral fertilizer) as well as control. The varieties used in the research were: 'Domestic Sawmills', 'Mooskrause', 'Berlin Semi-Long'. The root yield and the vitamin C content in the root of parsley were significantly influenced by variety and type of fertilizer. With use of organic fertilizer, the highest yield of roots was achieved in both research years. The lowest vitamin C content was found in the unfertilized control, while the highest vitamin C content was obtained in the organomineral fertilizer treatment, but did not differ significantly from the treatment with organic fertilizer

The content of arsenic in nectarine fruit (Prunus persica var. nucipersica Schnied.) with risk assessment for human health on area of Herzegovina

U radu su prikazani rezultati utvrđivanja sadržaja arsena u plodovima dvije sorte nektarina na tri lokacije Hercegovine (Mostar, Čapljina i Stolac) tijekom 2015. i 2016. godine. Nakon utvrđivanja sadržaja arsena u plodovima nektarina, uradio se proračun procjene rizika proračunom nekancerogenog indeksa opasnosti (Hazard Quotient Index, HQI; Indeks koeficijenta opasnosti). Na istraživanim lokacijama uzgajane su dvije sorte nektarina (Big Top i Caldesi 2000). Sadržaj arsena u 2015. godini je utvrđen samo na lokaciji Stolac. U 2016. godini na svim lokacijama je bio ispod LQO (Limit of Quantification, Granica kvantifikacije). Procjenom dnevnog unosa (Estimated daily intake, EDI) i tjednog unosa (Estimated weekly intake, EWI) arsena navedenim sortama nektarina utvrđeno je da nema akutnog ni kroničnog rizika na zdravlje ljudi.The paper presents the results of determining the content of arsenic in the fruits of two nectarine varieties at three locations of Herzegovina (Mostar, Čapljina and Stolac) during 2015 and 2016. After determining the content of arsenic in the fruits of nectarine, the Hazard Quotient Index (HQI) calculation was calculated. The research was carried out at three locations in Herzegovina (Mostar, Čapljina, and Stolac), where nectarine cultivars ("Big Top" and "Caldesi 2000") were cultivated. The content of arsenic on location Stolac was determinated in 2015. In 2016 the content of arsenic were under LQO at all locations. Estimated daily intake (EDI) and estimated weekly intake (EWI) values of arsenic in the studied nectarine varieties showed no acute or chronic risk for human health

Topographic Position, Land Use and Soil Management Effects on Soil Organic Carbon (Vineyard Region of Niš, Serbia)

Spatial distribution of soil organic carbon (SOC) is the result of a combination of various factors related to both the natural environment and anthropogenic activities. The aim of this study was to examine (i) the state of SOC in topsoil and subsoil of vineyards compared to the nearest forest, (ii) the influence of soil management on SOC, (iii) the variation in SOC content with topographic position, (iv) the intensity of soil erosion in order to estimate the leaching of SOC from upper to lower topographic positions, and (v) the significance of SOC for the reduction of soil’s susceptibility to compaction. The study area was the vineyard region of Niš, which represents a medium-sized vineyard region in Serbia. About 32% of the total land area is affected, to some degree, by soil erosion. However, according to the mean annual soil loss rate, the total area is classified as having tolerable erosion risk. Land use was shown to be an important factor that controls SOC content. The vineyards contained less SOC than forest land. The SOC content was affected by topographic position. The interactive effect of topographic position and land use on SOC was significant. The SOC of forest land was significantly higher at the upper position than at the middle and lower positions. Spatial distribution of organic carbon in vineyards was not influenced by altitude, but occurred as a consequence of different soil management practices. The deep tillage at 60–80 cm, along with application of organic amendments, showed the potential to preserve SOC in the subsoil and prevent carbon loss from the surface layer. Penetrometric resistance values indicated optimum soil compaction in the surface layer of the soil, while low permeability was observed in deeper layers. Increases in SOC content reduce soil compaction and thus the risk of erosion and landslides. Knowledge of soil carbon distribution as a function of topographic position, land use and soil management is important for sustainable production and climate change mitigation

The influence of variety and fertilization on the content of nitrates in parsley (Petroselinum ssp.)

This paper presents the results of research on the impact of different varieties and fertilizers on the nitrate content in the leaf and root of parsley. In two-year research, three varieties of parsley were used and three variants of fertilization were applied (mineral fertilizers, organic and organo-mineral fertilizer) as well as a control variant. Nitrate content differed in the leaf and root. Depending on the investigated factors, their content in the leaf ranged from 55.60 to 426.09 mg/kg and in the root it ranged from 98.46 to 688.97 mg/kg. The nitrate content in parsley leaf and root was significantly influenced by the variety and type of fertilizer. The variety 'Domestic sawmills' accumulated the minimum nitrate content in the leaf and root of parsley. Mineral fertilization contributed to the accumulation of the highest content of harmful nitrates in the leaf and root of parsley

Antimicrobial activity of ginger (Zingiber officinale) and rosemary (rosmarinus officinalis) essential oils

New advances in the food industry are directed towards exploiting natural resources. Nowadays, essential oils and their antimicrobial activities are the subject of many researches. Their possible use as natural food additives is particularly prominent. This study analyzed the influence of ginger and rosemary oil on the growth of pure bacterial culture using the disk diffusion method. Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella spp. were used as test organisms for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. The results showed that both types of oil inhibit bacterial growth, although inhibition rate varies between different bacterial species. It certainly depends on the type of plant used for oil extraction. Study has shown that ginger and rosemary oil can potentially be used in treating diseases caused by these bacteria

Detemination of fungicide residues in grape by GC/MS.

The extensive use of pesticides in modern farming on fruit and vegetables has posed risks to public health and environment. Pesticide residues can be found even when they are applied in accordance with good agricultural practices. This paper deals with the analysis residues of three fungicides (benalaxyl, dimethomorph, tetraconazole) by chromatographic method in grape samples. The applicability of the proposed method to detect and quantify pesticide residues has been demonstrated by the analysis sample grapes varieties "Zilavka" and "Blatina" cultivated on a small farm in the vineyards in a broader the region of Mostar. Analytes were extracted using SPE technique and analysis is performed by gas chromatography, employing mass selective detection in the selected ion monitoring mode, The content fungicides (benalaxyl, dimethomorph, tetraconazole) in grape samples is regulated by relevant EU regulation (The Annexes of Commission Regulation (EC), No. 396/2005). In grape samples analyzed in this study residues of benalaxyl and tetraconazole were found. The fungicide concentrations were bellow the MRL value permitted by EU regulations for grape