The prevalence of asthma and allergy among university freshmen in Eskisehir, Turkey

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the current and cumulative prevalence of asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis and reactivities to allergen skin prick tests (SPT) among university freshmen.The data at the first stage were collated through the application of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (-ECRHS- Stage I) questionnaire on 1603 students registering at various faculties and vocational colleges of Osmangazi University in Eskisehir, Turkey, in the academic year 1997–1998. At the second stage a physical examination as well as allergen SPTs were conducted on 151 students.Of the students within the study group, six (0·4%) had experienced an asthma attack within the previous 12 months, 11 (0·7%) had a past of asthma attacks and 123 (8·1%) reported wheezing attacks within the previous 12 months. The prevalence of asthma-like symptoms, rhinoconjunctivitis and dermatitis were found to be 17·0%, 10·0% and 5·9% respectively. Asthma and asthma-like symptoms were found to be significantly more prevalent among students who smoked. A positive SPT reaction to more than one allergen was found in 14·6% of the students. SPT positivity was 8·3% in asymptomatic students, 27·3% in asthmatic students, 14·5% in those with asthma-like symptoms, 28% in those with non-infectious rhinitis and 7·1% in those with dermatitis. In analysis of logistic regression, a history of atopy, as ascertained in the questionnaire, was seen to have a significant effect on SPT positivity.The rate of self-reported asthma and/or asthma-like symptoms among newly enrolled freshmen at the Osmangazi University was found to be lower than in other countries. Cigarette smoking was seen to increase such symptoms significantly, in comparison to non-smokers

dynamics simulation methods

INITIO; SURFACEWe have investigated the structures and energies of lithium microclusters containing 3-10 atoms in the bcc(100) and bcc(110) surface symmetries, and the interaction of an oxygen atom and a hydrogen atom with these lithium microclusters for the on-top, open and bridge sites. Calculations have been performed with Molecular Dynamics Simulation Methods (MDSM) at 1 K temperature. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved

dynamics simulation methods

INITIO; SURFACEWe have investigated the structures and energies of lithium microclusters containing 3-10 atoms in the bcc(100) and bcc(110) surface symmetries, and the interaction of an oxygen atom and a hydrogen atom with these lithium microclusters for the on-top, open and bridge sites. Calculations have been performed with Molecular Dynamics Simulation Methods (MDSM) at 1 K temperature. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved

Prevalence of cigarette smoking and cessation among 15 years old and older people in Kayapınar district of Diyarbakır

Smoking addiction is among the most important research areas of public health science because of its preventable nature. To prevent this addiction and to overcome its harms to public health, economy and the environment, scientists should be aware of the answers what is the prevalence of smoking and what is the cessation rates. This cross-sectional research studies the prevalence of cigarette smoking and cessation among 15 years old and older people registered at 17th Family Health Center in Kayapınar district of Diyarbakır. 309 people sampled systematically among universe of 5880 people in this region. The survey results show that 30.4 percent of the participants do smoke, while 14.6 percent are ex-smokers and the remaining 55 percent has never smoked. %62,3 of men smoked in one part of their life or still smoking while this percent is %24,6 for women(p=0,000). This study shows that education level is also associated with starting smoking. %57,3 of people who went primary school at most had smoked or still smoking; for people who went college at least this percent is %35,9 (p=0,014). Fortunately, 52.1 percent of smokers has stated that they are planning to quit smoking. Since there is expanding awareness about the dangers of cigarette among the public and most of the smokers do want to quit smoking, the researches should identify the factors affecting smoking initiation and cessation and consequently precautionary measures should be taken to protect the public from cigarette addiction

Synthesis and theoretical studies on new amidodithiophosphonates

Amidodithiophosphonates were synthesised by the reaction of 2,4-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,3,2,4-dithiadiphosphetane 2,4-disulfide and amines such as (-)-cis-myrtanylamine amine, (R)-(+)-1-phenylethyl amine, (S)-(-)-1-phenylethyl amine in benzene. The compounds 1-3 were characterized by elemental analyses and spectroscopically (H-1-, C-13, P-31 NMR). In addition, the molecular geometry, vibrational frequencies, chemical shifts, electronic transition energies and thermodynamic parameters for the compound 1 were calculated by using the density functional method employing B3LYP level with different basis sets, including 6-31++G(d,p) and 6-311++G(d,p). The large HOMO-LUMO band gaps (5.08 eV and 5.06 eV, respectively) for the molecule explain the kinetic stability. The computed results are very close to the obtained experimental results with spectroscopic techniques. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Ab initio studies of NMR chemical shifts for calix[4]arene and its derivatives

Ab initio calculations are performed for the calix[4]arene (1) and its derivatives (2 and 3), in this study. 1H and 13C NMR measured spectral data given in our previous work are used to elucidate the structures of the prepared calix[4]arenes (1-3). The molecular geometry and chemical shift are calculated by using ab initio calculations based on the Hartree-Fock (HF) and the density functional theory (DFT) in the ground state. The results obtained from both methods are in agreement with the experimental results. The results of molecular geometry and chemical shifts show that DFT approach is closer to the experimental data than HF method. © 2009 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

Theoretical investigation of triazine based a star shape pyrrole monomer

In this work, we report a comprehensive theoretical investigation of electroactive star shaped pyrrole functionalized triazine monomer with two main goals. First goal of this work is to explore the physical and chemical properties of the monomer, then to investigate correlation between the experimental and the theoretical properties of monomer. The scale factor which is calculated from B3LYP/cc-pVDZ was determined as 0.985 for FT-IR and it is an important and reliable contribution to the literature. It is determined that the most appropriate basis set for this molecule. The other novel objective of this research is to investigate temperature effect on displacement of chlorine atoms in 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine. This method applied for the first time in the literature for triazines is especially crucial to the synthesis of unsymmetrical triazines

derivatives

Ab initio calculations are performed for the calix[4]arene (1) and its derivatives 2 and 3), in this study. (1)H and (13)C NMR measured spectral data given in our previous work are used to elucidate the structures of the prepared calix[4]arenes (1-3). The molecular geometry and chemical shift are calculated by using ab initio calculations based on the Hartree-Fock (HF) and the density functional theory (DFT) in the ground state. The results obtained from both methods are in agreement with the experimental results. The results of molecular geometry and chemical shifts show that DFT approach is closer to the experimental data than HF method