ETHNOPEDAGOGICAL COMPONENT OF PHYSICAL TRAINING OF SCHOOLCHILDREN

Introduction. The publication is devoted to the problem of the use of ethnopedagogical technologies in physical training of school students. The aim of the research is to describe a new approach to the organization of physical education of school students considering regional specifics of physical development of children and teenagers, climatic conditions of places of their accommodation and national peculiarities of pupils.Methodology and research methods. The pedagogical experiment has become the main method of the research presented in article. Somatometric and functional measurements of physical parameters of school students and the indexes characterizing their physical development were taken at the beginning and the end of the experiment, taking into account the standard technique and the requirements of Scientific Research Institute of Anthropology of Moscow State University. The following indexes were calculated: Pignet’s index that defines proportionality of development and strength of a constitution; vital and power indexes. The efficiency of the ethnopedagogical technologies included in the program of physical training came to light by means of the quantitative and qualitative analysis of the obtained experimental data. Reliability of distinctions between indicators in experimental and control groups of examinees was estimated by nonparametric methods on use of criterion of Mann – Whitney.Results and scientific novelty. The inclusion of elements of the Buryat national sports into the program of variable school physical education classes at schools of Baikal region is proved. The program of a school course of physical training which is based on use of ethnopedagogical technologies is developed. Positive results of physical development of school students when using an author’s technique are received.Practical significance. The offered innovative program expands a training material on physical culture at school and can be used in other educational institutions of the region and our country in general. Публикация посвящена проблеме использования этнопедагогических технологий в физическом воспитании школьников. Цель статьи – описать новый подход к организации физического воспитания школьников, учитывающий региональную специфику физического развития детей и подростков, природно-климатические условия мест их проживания и национальные особенности учащихся. Методология и методики исследования. Основным методом исследования, представленного в статье, стал педагогический эксперимент, в начале и в конце которого по общепринятой методике, с учетом требований НИИ антропологии Московского государственного университета, проводились соматометрические и функциональные измерения физических параметров школьников, рассчитывались индексы, характеризующие их физическое развитие: индекс Пинье, определяющий пропорциональность развития и крепость телосложения; жизненный и силовой индексы. Эффективность этнопедагогических технологий, включенных в программу физического воспитания, выявлялась с помощью количественного и качественного анализа полученных экспериментальных данных. Достоверность различий между показателями в экспериментальной и контрольной группах испытуемых определялась непараметрическими методами с использованием критерия Манна – Уитни. Результаты и научная новизна. Обосновано включение элементов бурятских национальных видов спорта в программу вариативных школьных уроков физической культуры в школах Прибайкалья. Разработана программа школьного курса физического воспитания, базирующаяся на применении этнопедагогических технологий. Получены положительные результаты физического развития школьников при использовании авторской методики. Практическая значимость. Предложенная инновационная программа расширяет учебный материал по физической культуре в школе и может быть использована в других образовательных учреждениях региона и страны в целом.

Characteristic of biological age of students of technical college

Are inspected 95 students of technical VUZ (Institute of Higher Edu-cation) in g. Irkutsk for the determination from the method v. P. Voytenko of their biological age. The results of a study attest to the fact that both in the girls and the youths the rating values of the indices of biological age, which considerably exceed their certified age. Dana is proposal and practical recommendationsОбследовано 95 студентов технического вуза в г. Иркутске на определение по методу В. П. Войтенко их биологического возраста. Результаты исследования свидетельствуют о том, что как у девушек, так и юношей установлены значения показателей биологического возраста, значительно превышающие их паспортный возраст. Даны предложения и практические рекомендаци

Effectiveness of the extrascholastic forms of occupations by physical culture in an increase in the physical preparedness of the rural schoolboys

Is usovershenstvovana the program of the extra-scholastic forms of occupations on molding of the engine of the scope of the students of the 5th classes, which is built taking into account seasonal- climatic conditions, and the possibilities of educational establishment, it has the zdoroveformiruyushchuyu and kompetent-nostnuyu directivity. Its effectiveness in comparison with the standard school program is shown the physical cultureУсовершенствована программа внешкольных форм занятий по формированию двигательных компетенции учащихся 5-х классов, которая построена с учетом сезонно-климатических условий, и возможностей образовательного учреждения, имеет здоровьеформирующую и компетентностную направленность. Показана её эффективность по сравнению со стандартной школьной программой по физической культур

COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF LEVEL OF PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT OF YOUNG STUDENTS OF IRKUTSK

The level of physical development of the 1302 boys and 1937 girls in Irkutsk and. Irkutsk region aged 17-20 years was studied and. compared with one of young people from other regions of Russia. Young men aged 17-20 from Pribaikalye region have an average height and. weight, high rates of the width of the shoulders and. chest circumference, are of normosthenic type of constitution, have mesomorphic body type, the average body density, the normal muscle mass, somewhat high fat and low bone components. The girls have an average height and relatively low weight, broad chest with a high chest circumference, are normosthenic type of constitution, the mesomorphic body type with the proportional development of the body, its average density and. increased mass of muscle and fat component and reduced bone one

Comparative analysis of the functional characteristics and motor qualities of students of different generations and body types

Purpose : the comparative analysis of screening studies of physical fitness and functional condition of young men with different body types (the territory of Baikal region, Russia; the interval of the study is 10 years). Material : First-year students (age 17-18 years; n = 1003; in 2008 - n = 523; in 2017 - n = 480) of Irkutsk National Research Technical University (Pribaikalye, Russia) participated into the research. All students are classified for health reasons to the main medical group (no deviations in health status). All students attended classes in the discipline "Physical Education". It was done the comparative analysis of motor skills; physiometric indicators; the content of muscle, fat and bone mass. Results : It was revealed the significant differences (p <0,05) in the values of the motor test indicators. It was determined “leading” and “lagging” motor qualities of young men with different body types. It was defined decrease of indicators’ values in motor tests in young men in 2017, in comparison with the results of the survey in 2008. The decrease in the values of motor test indicators is more frequently revealed in young men of hypersthenic group (examined in 2017), in comparison with normosthenics and asthenics. There is a deterioration in the majority of the functional characteristics of young men bodies (in 2017) in comparison with 2008 data. Conclusions : University professors (of the discipline - “Physical Education”) should form a predictive database of screening observations on the development of morphofunctional and motor qualities of students with different body types. This will allow to correct the educational process on the physical education of students applying the integrative pedagogical methods and teaching methods

Creativity project method in academic physical education process

Objective of the study was to rate benefits of the creative project activity with application of the fine arts technologies and tools for the self-reliant creativity component of the academic Physical Education discipline. Study results demonstrated benefits of the project method for the academic education process as verified by the SG vs. RG progress tests that demonstrated higher competences and increased motivations for physical activity and healthy lifestyles due to reduction of bad habit

Organisation of physical education at the university based on students’ constitutional types and health groups

Introduction. Today, the significant direction of scientific search in the field of health preservation is to study the interrelation of functional characteristics and motor skills of students of different constitutional types and health groups. Specific morphological and physiometric characteristics of an organism and belonging to a certain somatotype should be taken into account when organising physical training in higher education institutions.The aim of the research was to establish the degree of correlation of motor and functional characteristics of an organism of students with different constitutional types and health groups in order to improve an algorithm of planning and effective safe implementation process of physical training in a higher education institution.Methodology and research methods. Male-students (n = 1300) aged 17-20 years old of the 1st (n = 1012) and 2nd(n = 288) functional groups of health were examined. Constitutional types were determined according to M. V. Chernorutsky’s scheme with the calculation of values of Pignet index and Robinson index. Methods of the statistical analysis with the application of StatSoft Statistica 6.1 and Microsoft Excel programmes were used to process the obtained results in the process of diagnostics. The reliability of distinctions of average values was estimated by means of parametrical methods with the calculation of Student’s t-test.Results and scientific novelty. Motor features and functional characteristics of the cardiorespiratory system and physiometric parameters of firstand secondyear students (engaged in the programme of academic discipline “Elective Courses on Physical Culture and Sport” atIrkutskNationalResearchTechnicalUniversity) are recorded and considered. Reliable differences in the values of indicators of motor tests and functional characteristics of organisms of young people with different constitutional types are identified. In both health groups, the experiment allowed authors to reveal higher physical and functional preparedness of young men of normosthenic and asthenic constitutional types compared to their fellow hypersthenic students. Motor characteristics and functional reserve capacities of the cardiorespiratory system were higher in normosthenic and asthenic students of the 1st functional group in comparison with the representatives of the 2ndfunctional group of the same constitutional types. The conclusion is drawn on close interrelation of somatotypes with motor and functional characteristics of organisms of students engaged in physical culture.Practical significance. The research material and results contribute to the elaboration and development of the methodology of individually differentiated physical training of students in higher education institution.Введение. Важным направлением научного поиска в области решения проблем здоровьесбережения является изучение обусловленности функциональных параметров и двигательных способностей человека типом его конституции. Индивидуальные морфологические и физиометрические особенности организма и принадлежность к определенному соматотипу необходимо учитывать при организации физической подготовки в учебных учреждениях, в том числе на высшей ступени образования. Цель изложенного в публикации исследования - установить степень корреляции моторных и функциональных характеристик организма студентов с разными типами конституции и группами здоровья обучающихся для совершенствования алгоритма планирования и эффективной безопасной реализации процесса физического воспитания в вузе. Методы и методики. Для обследования юношей-студентов (n = 1300) в возрасте 17-20 лет 1-й (n = 1012) и 2-й (n = 288) функциональных групп здоровья был выполнен педагогический скрининг. Типы конституции определялись по схеме М. В. Черноруцкого с вычислением величины индекса Пинье и индекса Робинсона. Для обработки полученных в ходе диагностики результатов использовались методы статистического анализа с применением пакета прикладных программ «StatSoft Statistica 6.1» и «Microsoft Excel». Достоверность различий средних величин выборок оценивалась при помощи параметрических методов с расчетом t-критерия Стьюдента.Результаты и научная новизна. Зафиксированы и рассмотрены двигательные особенности, функциональные характеристики кардиореспираторной системы и физиометрические параметры испытуемых, занимавшихся по программе дисциплины «Элективные курсы по физической культуре и спорту» на 1-2-м курсах в Иркутском национальном исследовательском техническом университете (ИрНИТУ). Обнаружены достоверные различия в значениях показателей двигательных тестов и функциональных характеристик организма молодых людей с разными типами конституции. В обеих группах здоровья у участников эксперимента выявлена более высокая физическая и функциональная подготовленность юношей нормостенического и астенического типов конституции по сравнению с их сокурсниками-гиперстениками. Моторные качества и функциональные резервы кардиоресператорной системы оказались выше у студентов-нормостеников и астеников 1-й функциональной группы по сравнению с представителями 2-й функциональной группы тех же конституций. Сделан вывод о тесной взаимосвязи соматотипов с моторными и функциональными качествами организма обучающихся, занимающихся физической культурой. Практическая значимость. Материалы исследования позволяют усовершенствовать и конкретизировать методику индивидуально-дифференцированного физического воспитания студентов высших учебных заведений

Improvement in the quality of the life of the students of technical university on the basis of the formation of the culture of the health

Are examined questions of the technology of molding of the culture of the health of the students NOT Of irGTU as the bases of an improvement in the quality of the life of the graduates of VUZ (Institute of Higher Education). On the basis of the improvement of education and teaching process on the physical culture, integration with different structures of university and being guided by the balanced package of educational, educational and health-improvement tasks it is possible to to a considerable extent increase the culture of the health of student youthРассматриваются вопросы технологии формирования культуры здоровья студентов НИ ИрГТУ, как основы повышения качества жизни выпускников вуза. На основе совершенствования учебно-воспитательного процесса по физической культуре, интеграции с различными структурами университета и руководствуясь комплексным решением воспитательных, образовательных и оздоровительных задач удается в значительной мере повысить культуру здоровья студенческой молодеж

Peculiarities of physical rehabilitation of patients with a severe COVID-19

At present, physical rehabilitation of coronavirus patients is considered to be one of the most important tasks in the practice of maintaining and increasing the functional state and physical working capacity of the population. Meanwhile, the features of patients' recovery depending on the severity of the previous COVID-pneumonia have not been fully studied. The objective of the study. Improving individual approaches to physical rehabilitation of persons who have had COVID-19 with severe lung lesion (CT-3, CT-4). Material and methods. Two groups of male patients (n=34) who underwent outpatient rehabilitation after COVID-19 virus infection were examined at the Chita polyclinic (Russia). Nineteen patients in the first group (KT-3) were diagnosed with moderate severe lung lesion (50-75 per cent) and 15 patients in the second group (CT-4) with severe lung lesion (>75 per cent). There was a study of somatometric and functional indicators of patients, measuring an individual’s effort and exertion, breathlessness and fatigue during physical work by The Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion (Borg RPE) scale and the 6-min walk distance test (6 MWD). Based on the monitoring results, a physical rehabilitation plan in the post-COVID period was drawn up. Results. After three months of physical rehabilitation, statistically significant differences in oxygen saturation (SpO2)recovery rates compared to the initials values were found in the groups studied (p<0.05). After the completion of the rehabilitation course in both groups, the values of the Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion and the 6-min walk distance test, hand-held dynamometry significantly increased, the level of blood oxygen saturation increased. SpO2 in the first group (CT-3) on average reached 97.7 ± 0.7% and were significantly higher than SpO2in the second CT-4 group (96.4 ± 0.7%). The breath-hold time increased in Stange and Genchi’s tests results. Conclusions. The results of our outpatient research confirmed the effectiveness of using a three-month physical rehabilitation program for patients with severe lung lesion (CT-3-4) after COVID-19. Non-informative parameters (pulsometry in dynamics, Stange and Genchi’s tests results) have been identified to assess the effectiveness of physical rehabilitation of a given contingent of patients

Business cooperation technology between a swimming coach-instructor and parents of infants

The experimental program for the development of swimming skills in infants with the help of our proposed online pedagogical technology of cooperation between an instructor and parents to improve their health-improving competencies has shown greater efficiency compared to the traditional program. And it can be recommended for use in health-improving swimming centers for infants and in children’s clinic