Flavor Violation as a Probe of the MSSM Higgs Sector

At moderate to large tan(beta), it is no longer possible to simultaneously diagonalize the masses of quarks and their couplings to the neutral Higgs bosons. The resulting flavor violations of the form (\bar b_R d_L H) and (\bar b_R s_L H) do not generate large meson-anti-meson mixing amplitudes but do generate large contributes to rare decays such as B_s -> mu mu. Run II of the Tevatron willl probe a large region of interesting MSSM parameter space through this decay channel. This talk is based on results obtained with K.S. Babu and presented in hep-ph/9909476.Comment: 4 Pages LateX. Talk given at PASCOS '9

Numerical simulation of mold filling and casting solidification

Cílem této diplomové práce je, na základě numerické simulace stávající technologie výroby hliníkového odlitku držáku kladky V9X, analyzovat příčiny vzniku vad typu zavaleniny a studené spoje. Následným cílem je vypracovat návrh variantního řešení tvaru odlitku tak, aby došlo k odstranění zmíněných vad. Toto variantní řešení bude rovněž ověřeno numerickou simulací. Úspěšnost navržených změn, pak posoudí zkušební odlití odlitku. V rámci řešení problému bude provedena simulace cyklování formy a následně plnění odlitku. Během analýzy plnění dutiny formy bude rovněž rozebrána první fáze plnění, tedy pohyb pístu v tlakové komoře. S ohledem na typ vznikajících vad nebude provedena analýza tuhnutí odlitku.The object of this diploma thesis is to analyze, persuant to numerical simulation of current technology of production aluminous casting roller-reck V9X, causes of the rise of cold lap and laminations defects. Consequently, to work up a project of variant solution of the shape of casting so, as to come to elimination mentioned defects. This variant solving will be tested with numerical simulation as well. Fruitfulness of these designed changes will be verified by testing molten of the casting. In terms of solve the problem the simulation of cycling of the mold and subsequently the filling of the casting will be effected. During the analyse of filling of the die the first phase of filling will be effected too.It means the movement of the piston throught the chambre. Simulation of solidification of the casting wont be effected because of the type of the defect.

Quintessential Difficulties

An alternative to a cosmological constant is quintessence, defined as a slowly-varying scalar field potential V(\phi). If quintessence is observationally significant, an epoch of inflation is beginning at the present epoch, with \phi the slowly-rolling inflaton field. In contrast with ordinary inflation, quintessence seems to require extreme fine tuning of the potential V(\phi). The degree of fine-tuning is quantified in various cases.Comment: 7 pages LaTeX. Revised to be more pedagogical; results unchange

Wedge Sampling for Computing Clustering Coefficients and Triangle Counts on Large Graphs

Graphs are used to model interactions in a variety of contexts, and there is a growing need to quickly assess the structure of such graphs. Some of the most useful graph metrics are based on triangles, such as those measuring social cohesion. Algorithms to compute them can be extremely expensive, even for moderately-sized graphs with only millions of edges. Previous work has considered node and edge sampling; in contrast, we consider wedge sampling, which provides faster and more accurate approximations than competing techniques. Additionally, wedge sampling enables estimation local clustering coefficients, degree-wise clustering coefficients, uniform triangle sampling, and directed triangle counts. Our methods come with provable and practical probabilistic error estimates for all computations. We provide extensive results that show our methods are both more accurate and faster than state-of-the-art alternatives.Comment: Full version of SDM 2013 paper "Triadic Measures on Graphs: The Power of Wedge Sampling" (arxiv:1202.5230

Implications of the Partial Width Z->bb for Supersymmetry Searches and Model-Building

Assuming that the actual values of the top quark mass at FNAL and of the ratio of partial widths Z->bb/Z->hadrons at LEP are within their current one-sigma reported ranges, we present a No-Lose Theorem for superpartner searches at LEP II and an upgraded Tevatron. We impose only two theoretical assumptions: the Lagrangian is that of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model with arbitrary soft-breaking terms, and all couplings remain perturbative up to scales of order 10^16 GeV; there are no assumptions about the soft SUSY breaking parameters, proton decay, cosmology, etc. In particular, if the LEP and FNAL values hold up and supersymmetry is responsible for the discrepancy with the SM prediction of the partial width of Z->bb, then we must have charginos and/or top squarks observable at the upgraded machines. Furthermore, little deviation from the SM is predicted within "super-unified" SUSY. Finally, it appears to be extremely difficult to find any unified MSSM model, regardless of the form of soft SUSY breaking, that can explain the partial width for large tan(beta); in particular, no model with top-bottom-tau Yukawa coupling unification appears to be consistent with the experiments.Comment: 15 pages, University of Michigan preprint UM-TH-94-23. LaTeX file with 4 uuencoded figures sent separately. Compressed PS file (114Kb) available by anonymous FTP from 141.211.96.66 in /pub/preprints/UM-TH-94-23.ps.