Theory of the Snoek Effect in Ternary B.C.C. Alloys : III Hydrostatic Relaxation

Interstitial atoms in ternary b.c.c. alloys exhibit hydrostatic relaxation, if an applied stress has a dilatational stress component. The effect is absent in binary alloys. Hydrostatic relaxation, in contrast to orientation relaxation effect, involves long-range diffusion ; in order to understand various aspects of the process, calculations are made for imaginary lattices. Internal friction curves are computed for different solute concentrations in a real three-dimensional lattice. The height and the temperature of the peak are compared for hydrostatic relaxation and orientation relaxation

Theory of the Snoek Effect in Ternary B.C.C. Alloys : II. Simplified Treatment

A theoretical basis is developed for the analysis of the spectrum of the Snoek effect in ternary b.c.c. alloys. The extensive treatment of Part I is simplified by assuming that the interstitial atoms in the third-nearest-neighbour position move independently of the substitutional atom. Numerical values obtained with this assumption are fairly close to those obtained by elaborate calculations of Part I. The damping spectrum may be decomposed either into components associated with the degree of rotation of interstitial atoms in each shell around substitutional atoms, or into Debye peaks. The latter decomposition may show an anomaly when the relaxation times have a certain relationship

Dose–response efficacy and safety of PA21 in Japanese hemodialysis patients with hyperphosphatemia: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, Phase II study

Seiring dengan menguatnya ideologi nasionalis-sekuler pascakemerdekaan, muncullah konsep nasionalisme berdasarkan sejumlah sumber yang bertolak belakang satu sama lain. Itulah nasionalisme eklektik ala Soekarno yang menerapkan analisis Marxis tentang penindasan imperialisme dan pada saat yang sama, menggunakan sikap permusuhan kaum Muslimin terhadap penjajah kafir. Ia menggelindingkan konsep Nasakom untuk menyimbolkan kesatuan nasionalisme, agama dan komunisme. Dalam konteks ini, penulis melihat permasalahan kompleks ideologi Nasakom sehingga banyak tokoh, ulama dan ilmuwan Muslim yang mengambil jarak dengan tokoh nomor wahid di Indonesia saat itu, seperti Muhammad Natsir, Haji Agus Salim, Muhammad Hatta dan Hamka. Tokoh yang disebut belakangan, yakni Haji Abdul Malik bin Abdul Karim Amrullah (Hamka) inilah yang menjadi perhatian penulis terkait konsep nasionalisme yang diusungnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konstruksi pemikiran nasionalisme-religius Hamka dalam karya-karya sastranya, seperti Si Sabariah, Di Bawah Lindungan Ka’bah, Tenggelamnya Kapal Van Der Wijck dan Merantau ke Deli. Data-data yang diperoleh dari novel-novel di atas dianalisis melalui teori hermeneutika, suatu pendekatan ilmiah yang menghubungkan antara pembaca (qari) dengan teks (al-Maqru’). Along with the strengthening of secular-nationalist ideology post-independence, there arose the concept of nationalism based on a number of sources are opposite to each other. That nationalism eclectic style Soekarno applying Marxist analysis of the oppression of imperialism and at the same time, using the hostility of the Muslims against the infidel invaders. He rolled Nasakom concept to symbolize the unity of nationalism, religion and communism. In this context, the authors look at the complex issue of ideology Nasakom so many leaders, scholars and Moslem scientists who take distance with the figure number one in Indonesia at the time, like Muhammad Natsir, Haji Agus Salim, Mohammad Hatta and Hamka. The latter figure, namely Haji Abdul Malik bin Abdul Karim Amrullah (Hamka) which is the author’s attention related to the concept of nationalism carried. This study aims to determine the construction of nationalism-religious thought Hamka in literary works, such as Si Sabariah, Under the Protection Ka’bah, Sinking Ship Van Der Wijck, and Going away to Deli. The data obtained from the novels above were analyzed through the theory of hermeneutics, a scientific approach that connects the reader (reciter) with texts (al-Maqru‘).</p

Abnormal Plastic After-Effect in Twisted Copper

The plastic after-effect in twisted copper wires were investigated at temperatures between -195℃ and +96℃. The abnormal plastic after-effect, i.e. retwisting of the specimen after the release of external stress, was found in specimens pre-annealed at lower temperatures between about 150℃ and about 300℃. Activation energies for the after-effect were determined and found to be dependent on the amount of after-effect strain. The abnormal after-effect found in the present investigation was tentatively interpreted to be due to the movement of dislocations piled-up against subboundaries. The observed logarithmic time law and the change in activation energy seem to be consistent with this interpretation

A Theory of Internal Friction Peak Due to Thermal Unpinning of Dislocations and Its Application to P_1 Peak in Copper

A theory of internal frictions due to thermal unpinning of dislocations was developed. The results of quantitative calculations are as follows. (1) An internal friction peak as a function of temperature is formed, of which the shape is different from that of the Debye type single relaxation. (2) The distortion of the peak shape increases linearly with the strain amplitude. (3) The peak height of the internal friction and the magnitude of the associated ΔM effect are related by the equation, Q^_=0.126Δ_M. (4) The mean pinning distance can be estimated from experimental results. The predictions of the theory were compared with the experimental characteristics of the P_1 peak in deformed copper, and a satisfactory agreement was found especially as to the distortion of the peak with the strain amplitude. The estimated pinning distance was found to decrease from 200b to 20b as the deformation increases, where b is the magnitude of Burgers vector, and was found to remain constant or rather slightly increase with the decay (or annealing) of the P_1 peak

Ageing Characteristics of Cu-Be-Al Alloys

The ageing characteristics of the Cu-Be-Al ternary alloys, containing 9～11 at% Be and 6～9 at% Al, were studied by means of hardness and tensile tests, optical and transmission electron microscopy, X-ray and electron diffraction, and calorimetric measurements. The investigation was done mainly on the specimen containing 9.07 at% Be and 9.05 at% Al, which was initially quenched from 800℃, where the two phases (α and β) are in equilibrium, and then aged at 340℃ for various periods. The changes in various properties during ageing were due to the precipitation in the α phase and the decomposition of the β phase, both of which terminated in the equilibrium state, (α+γ). The most hardened state attained by 1.5hr ageing was attributed to the formation of G. P. zones in the α phase and the decomposition of the β phase into the α and intermediate phases. The crystallographic orientation relations between the matrix and these phases in the course of the ageing process were determined. Finally the age-hardening of the alloys was briefly discussed

Effects of Vacancies near Substitutional Implants on Trapping and Desorption of Helium - A Simulation

Trapping of He by vacancies and drainage of He from substitutional implants (Ag and Kr in W) to nearby vacancies are investigated using static lattice calculations. The calculations indicate that drainage of He will occur to vacancies within a radius of 2.5 lattice units from the implant. Furthermore the trapping probability of substitutional and interstitial random walkers on a bcc lattice by substitutional traps or vacancies is calculated. When implantation-produced vacancies are present in the vicinity of the observed trap a shielding effect occurs. Trapping constants are calculated with two random walk models for both the unshielded and the shielded defect. For the latter several configurations were taken. The results show that shielding of a defect by one vacancy at a distance of three lattice units leads already to a reduction of He trapping by that defect of 30% to 40%.

Transcutaneous Measurement and SpectrumAnalysis of Heart Wall Vibrations

科研費報告書収録論文(課題番号:08555096・基盤研究(B)(2)・H8～H9/研究代表者:金井, 浩/心筋の早期診断を可能とする心臓壁微小振動の超音波計測及び解析装置の開発

Noninvasive evaluation of local myocardial thickening and its color-coded imaging

科研費報告書収録論文(課題番号:08555096・基盤研究(B)(2)・H8～H9/研究代表者:金井, 浩/心筋の早期診断を可能とする心臓壁微小振動の超音波計測及び解析装置の開発