Identification of significant features in signals of equine cardiovascular system using ICA

The paper deals with application of the Independent Component Analysis (ICA) for looking for causes of the sudden cardiovascular death in horses during surgery. The first chapter describes the solved problem and state of art. Next part describes the ICA method and its properties and an input data format. In the third and fourth parts results of the analysis are presented. It was found that not all the three important components contained in the input data must be also part of the output data set. The most frequent case (6 records of 10) is that only two components were sufficient for description of input data

Ethical Issues in Genetic Testing for Inherited Cancer Predisposition Syndromes: the Potentially Conflicting Interests of Patients and Their Relatives

Purpose of Review This review uses clinical cases to highlight some of the ethical dilemmas currently faced by oncologists, geneticists and others who request genetic testing for inherited cancer disorders. Recent Findings Recent ethical guidance supports clinicians in testing patients when other family members decline similar testing, even when such testing will reveal those family members’ genetic status. And increasingly there is acknowledgement that when a patient declines to share genetic results with family members, clinicians may have an ethical duty to breach patient confidentiality in order to inform at-risk relatives to whom they may owe a duty of care, so that they can choose to access genetic testing and potentially life-saving screening and treatment. Summary Genetic testing for inherited cancer disorders raises multiple ethical issues, which cannot always be easily resolved by discussion with patients, or with their family members. Clinical ethics committees can provide valuable assistance in resolving the dilemmas presented in these cases

On the pitfalls of conceptualizing excessive physical exercise as an addictive disorder: Commentary on Dinardi et al. (2021).

This commentary challenges some of the proposals made in the opinion paper entitled "The expanded interactional model of exercise addiction" by Dinardi, Egorov, and Szabo (2021). We first question the usefulness of the (expanded) interactional model of exercise addiction to determine the psychological processes underlying distress and functional impairment in excessive physical exercise. We then consider the authors' use of the Self-Determination Theory to model exercise addiction, which risks the misclassification of strenuous, but adaptive, patterns of physical exercise as exercise addiction. We finally address broader concerns regarding the idea that maladaptive exercising could be conceptualized as an addictive disorder

Multidisciplinary Intention: Revealing The Consequence of Psychosocial Factors on the Adherence to Treatment of the Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Background: Diabetes Mellitus type 2 (T2DM) has been becoming a globalworld health problem affecting countries with different income level (Mogre,Johnson, Tzelepis, Shaw, & Paul, 2017). The low level of compliance and theincreased level of the diabetes distress has been closely associated with destituteglycemic control. Some diabetes-specific psychological variables may beimportant for psychological status of patients and glycemic control to theachievement of individual glycemic targets (Indelicato et al., 2017). Therefore,alexithymia – psychological clinical characteristic of the reduced emotionalcomponent that could have been associated with the metabolic syndrome inpatients with type 2 diabetes, for example (Lemche, Chaban, & Lemche, 2014). Itis important to consider the clinical evaluation of mental aspects in patients withT2DM, however, in order to preventing potentially unfavorable self-care behaviorleading to complications of this disease, including a decrease in the quality of lifelevel (Conti et al., 2017). Patient's level of the quality of life is the one of mainimportant components of treatment adherence and clinical decision making forimproving the effectiveness of therapy (Chaban, Khaustova, & Bezsheiko, n.d.).The low level of medication compliance and quality of life could have beenaddicted in consequence to non-adherence and respectively – inefficiency oftherapy of these patients. Therefore, multidisciplinary connection – involvingmental health care specialists can potentially improve treatment effectiveness(Kogut at al., 2018)

Analyzing the BWR rod drop accident in high-burnup cores

This study was undertaken for the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission to determine the fuel enthalpy during a rod drop accident (RDA) for cores with high burnup fuel. The calculations were done with the RAMONA-4B code which models the core with 3-dimensional neutron kinetics and multiple parallel coolant channels. The calculations were done with a model for a BWR/4 with fuel bundles having burnups up to 30 GWd/t and also with a model with bundle burnups to 60 GWd/t. This paper also discusses potential sources of uncertainty in calculations with high burnup fuel. One source is the ``rim`` effect which is the extra large peaking of the power distribution at the surface of the pellet. This increases the uncertainty in reactor physics and heat conduction models that assume that the energy deposition has a less peaked spatial distribution. Two other sources of uncertainty are the result of the delayed neutron fraction decreasing with burnup and the positive moderator temperature feedback increasing with burnup. Since these effects tend to increase the severity of the event, an RDA calculation for high burnup fuel will underpredict the fuel enthalpy if the effects are not properly taken into account. Other sources of uncertainty that are important come from the initial conditions chosen for the RDA. This includes the initial control rod pattern as well as the initial thermal-hydraulic conditions

Low-pressure phase equilibria of anhydrous anorthite-bearing mafic magmas

One of the most persistent questions regarding the phase equilibria of mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORB) pertains to the petrogenesis of the anorthitic plagioclase phenocrysts (>An₉₀) that are characteristic of the more primitive members of such suites. Anorthitic phenocrysts are present in many if not most MORB suites in spite of the fact that no naturally occurring MORB glasses have ever been discovered to be in equilibrium with plagioclase more calcic than An₈₅. We have addressed this paradox by attempting to saturate natural basalts with anorthite in a series of 1 atm experiments using three different natural basaltic starting compositions: an N-MORB, an E-MORB, and a continental highalumina basalt. To ensure duplication of the olivine and anorthite saturation observed in natural anorthitebearing basalt, the experiments were run in An₉₃₋₆ capsules with Fo₉₂ olivine added to the starting glass. The compositions of experimental liquids are generally colinear with the trends observed in the lava suites used as the source material for the starting glasses. Significantly, aluminous spinel (Al₂O₃ contents of 61–68 wt%) was produced at 1290°C in all compositions and chromites (Al₂O₃ contents of 33–42 wt%) at lower temperatures in N-MORB-derived liquids despite no spinel having been added to the starting mixture. In addition, the experiments produced basaltic liquid in equilibrium with both >Fo₈₉ olivine and >An₈₅ feldspar at temperatures of 1230° and 1210°. These liquids have compositions with Mg# (at% Mg/Mg + Feᵀ*100) that range from 63 to >85. The TiO₂-MgO correlation indicates large (~16–23%) amounts of crystallization for each percent decrease in MgO. These results suggest the possibility that dry, anorthite-bearing basaltic magmas are the product of the interaction between primary melt and Al-spinel-bearing upper mantle. In addition, the results indicate that MORB magmas can undergo a large amount (>50%) of crystallization prior to reaching 8% MgO. Further, although anorthite-bearing magmas have characteristics consistent with their being a significant volumetric component of MORB ‘‘parent’’ magmas, the reaction mechanism suggested for their petrogenesis indicates that they are not necessarily primary magmas

A Subsurface Eddy Associated With a Submarine Canyon Increases Availability and Delivery of Simulated Antarctic Krill to Penguin Foraging Regions

The distribution of marine zooplankton depends on both ocean currents and swimming behavior. Many zooplankton perform diel vertical migration (DVM) between the surface and subsurface, which can have different current regimes. If concentration mechanisms, such as fronts or eddies, are present in the subsurface, they may impact zooplankton near-surface distributions when they migrate to near-surface waters. A subsurface, retentive eddy within Palmer Deep Canyon (PDC), a submarine canyon along the West Antarctic Peninsula (WAP), retains diurnal vertically migrating zooplankton in previous model simulations. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the presence of the PDC and its associated subsurface eddy increases the availability and delivery of simulated Antarctic krill to nearby penguin foraging regions with model simulations over a single austral summer. We found that the availability and delivery rates of simulated krill to penguin foraging areas adjacent to PDC were greater when the PDC was present compared to when PDC was absent, and when DVM was deepest. These results suggest that the eddy has potential to enhance krill availability to upper trophic level predators and suggests that retention may play a significant role in resource availability for predators in other similar systems along the WAP and in other systems with sustained subsurface eddies