14 research outputs found
Emigration of women domestic workers from Kerala : gender, state policy and the politics of movement
Restrictions imposed by the Government of India on the
emigration of women in âunskilledâ categories such as domestic work
are framed as measures intended to protect women from exploitation.
Special protection for certain categories of emigrant women workers
makes way for gendered conceptions of citizenship and sovereignty
through the use of gender to assert control over space in ways that
curtail womenâs access to mobility and emigrant work opportunities.
However, restrictions have directed potential migrants to the use of
informal / illegal processes in connivance with state agencies. Whereas,
intermediaries, including recruiting agents and government officials,
profit from the use of informal / illegal processes by prospective emigrants
and hence they have an interest in rendering these more effective than
formal processes established by the state, we argue that the gender
politics around movement provides an enabling condition for both state
restrictions and the burgeoning of informal / illegal processes. To spell
out the implications of state policy on emigrant women domestic
workers, the paper compares their position and experience of migration
with that of emigrant nurses on the one hand and outmigrant fish
processing workers on the other. It also explores the nature of womenâs
agency involved when domestic workers resist state policy and social
norms to emigrate through informal / illegal means.
Key words: International Migration, Gender, Citizenship, State Policy, Domestic
Workers.
JEL Classification
Effects of Intracoronary Alteplase on Microvascular Function in Acute Myocardial Infarction
BackgroundâImpaired microcirculatory reperfusion worsens prognosis following acute STâsegmentâelevation myocardial infarction. In the TâTIME (A Trial of LowâDose Adjunctive Alteplase During Primary PCI) trial, microvascular obstruction on cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging did not differ with adjunctive, lowâdose, intracoronary alteplase (10 or 20 mg) versus placebo during primary percutaneous coronary intervention. We evaluated the effects of intracoronary alteplase, during primary percutaneous coronary intervention, on the index of microcirculatory resistance, coronary flow reserve, and resistive reserve ratio.
Methods and ResultsâA prespecified physiology substudy of the TâTIME trial. From 2016 to 2017, patients with STâsegmentâelevation myocardial infarction â€6 hours from symptom onset were randomized in a doubleâblind study to receive alteplase 20 mg, alteplase 10 mg, or placebo infused into the culprit artery postreperfusion, but prestenting. Index of microcirculatory resistance, coronary flow reserve, and resistive reserve ratio were measured after percutaneous coronary intervention. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance was performed at 2 to 7 days and 3 months. Analyses in relation to ischemic time (<2, 2â4, and â„4 hours) were prespecified. One hundred fortyâfour patients (mean age, 59±11 years; 80% male) were prospectively enrolled, representing 33% of the overall population (n=440). Overall, index of microcirculatory resistance (median, 29.5; interquartile range, 17.0â55.0), coronary flow reserve(1.4 [1.1â2.0]), and resistive reserve ratio (1.7 [1.3â2.3]) at the end of percutaneous coronary intervention did not differ between treatment groups. Interactions were observed between ischemic time and alteplase for coronary flow reserve (P=0.013), resistive reserve ratio (P=0.026), and microvascular obstruction (P=0.022), but not index of microcirculatory resistance.
ConclusionsâIn STâsegmentâelevation myocardial infarction with ischemic time â€6 hours, there was overall no difference in microvascular function with alteplase versus placebo
Reservation and Womenâs Political Freedom: Candidatesâ Experience from Three Gram Panchayats in Kerala, India
Based on the capability approach, this article tries to see the implications of reservation
policy on the political freedom of women in Kerala. Using a primary survey
of candidates in a recent panchayat election in Malappuram district of Kerala it
establishes the role of reservation in bringing many educated young women into
local politics and decision-making bodies. It also reflects on the role of party and
non-party forces such as family and religion in local politics and political freedom
of women. The article concludes that the new reservation has resulted in improving
the constitutive political freedom of educated-young women in Kerala, but the
instrumental political freedom resulted from reservation has not been as evident