Platelet-Rich Plasma in Trauma Patients

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) was mixed with thrombin and excess calcium resulting in activated platelets trapped within the fibrin network; within the matrix, platelets secrete bioactive substances that diffuse into the surroundings tissues. PRP is prepared from the patient’s own blood, a variety of manufacturing techniques in vastly different cell counts, and growth factor concentrations. The clinical use of PRP is treatment of soft tissue diseases and injuries, treatment of burns, hard-to-heal wounds, tissue engineering, and implantology in dentistry. An essential criterion for PRP is for it to be autologous, for the donor of the blood, and the recipient of the PRP to the same person. Most of the literatures suggest that PRP does not appreciably impact bone healing or induce bone formation. PRP might augment recruitment of osteoblast progenitors to injection sites or in sites expected to experience delayed healing. In this capacity, PRP might be utilized to initiate repair of an otherwise poorly healing bony lesion. PRP stimulates bone repair in fractures. Early through late healing process is compromised with fractures, including reduced cell proliferation, delayed chondrogenesis, and decreased biomechanical properties. In this chapter, the importance of the PRP in oral and maxillofacial surgery in trauma patients is studie

Biomaterial Used in Trauma Patients

The development of bone tissue engineering and bone regeneration is always of interest to improve methods to reduce costs of trauma patient. Ability to use autogenous bone forming cells attached to bone morphogenetic proteins would be ideal. There are many clinical reasons to develop bone tissue engineering alternatives, for use in the reconstruction of large defects and implants. The traditional methods of bone defect management include autografting and allografting cancellous bone, vascularized grafts, and other bone transport techniques. However, these are the standard treatments. Since bone grafts are avascular and dependent on the size of the defect, the viability can limit their application. In large defects, the grafts can be resorbed by the body before osteogenesis is complete; tissue loss develops in the living organism due to infection, trauma, congenital, and physiological reasons. Placing tissue defects in the dentist and maxillofacial surgery and accelerating wound healing are an important issue. From an old Egypt, material used in treatment of different doctors with various causes. Oral surgery, periodontology, and implantology, which are surgical branches of the dentistry, need to increase bone formation in the treatment of bone defects, congenital defects, and defects around the implant. Many years of work have been done to obtain ideal biomaterials, and many materials have been used. We have prepared detailed information on biomaterials used in dentistry, oral, and maxillofacial surgeries in this book to help dentists and dental students

Knowledge, beliefs, attitude, and practices of E-cigarette use among dental students: A multinational survey

E-cigarette use is a trend worldwide nowadays with mounting evidence on associated morbidities and mortality. Dentists can modify the smoking behaviors of their patients. This study aimed to explore the knowledge, beliefs, attitude, and practice of E-cigarette use among dental students. This multinational, cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study recruited undergraduate dental students from 20 dental schools in 11 countries. The outcome variable was current smoking status (non-smoker, E-cigarette user only, tobacco cigarette smoker only, dual user). The explanatory variables were country of residence, sex, age, marital status, and educational level. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to explore the explanatory variables associated with E-cigarette smoking. Of the 5697 study participants, 5156 (90.8%) had heard about E-cigarette, and social media was the most reported source of information for 33.2% of the participants. For the 5676 current users of E-cigarette and/or tobacco smoking, 4.5% use E-cigarette, and 4.6% were dual users. There were significant associations between knowledge and country (P< 0.05), educational level (B = 0.12; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.21; P = 0.016) and smoking status (P< 0.05). The country of residence (P< 0.05) and smoking status (P< 0.05) were the only statistically significant factors associated with current smoking status. Similarly, there were statistically significant associations between attitude and country (P< 0.05 for one country only compared to the reference) and history of previous E-cigarette exposure (B = -0.52; 95% CI: -0.91, -0.13; P = 0.009). Also, the practice of E-cigarettes was significantly associated with country (P< 0.05 for two countries only compared to the reference) and gender (B = -0.33; 95% CI: -0.52, -0.13; P = 0.001). The knowledge of dental students about E-cigarette was unsatisfactory, yet their beliefs and attitudes were acceptable. Topics about E-cigarette should be implemented in the dental curriculum.Deanship of Scientific Research, King Saud University, for funding through the Vice Deanship of Scientific Research for Research Chairs. Qatar National Library for the open access funding

Oral health practices and self-reported adverse effects of E-cigarette use among dental students in 11 countries: an online survey

Objectives: E-cigarette use has become popular, particularly among the youth. Its use is associated with harmful general and oral health consequences. This survey aimed to assess self-reported oral hygiene practices, oral and general health events, and changes in physiological functions (including physical status, smell, taste, breathing, appetite, etc.) due to E-cigarette use among dental students. Methods: This online, multicounty survey involved undergraduate dental students from 20 dental schools across 11 different countries. The questionnaire included demographic characteristics, E-cigarette practices, self-reported complaints, and associated physiological changes due to E-cigarette smoking. Data were descriptively presented as frequencies and percentages. A Chi-square test was used to assess the potential associations between the study group and sub-groups with the different factors. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS at P < 0.05. Results: Most respondents reported regular brushing of their teeth, whereas only 70% used additional oral hygiene aids. Reported frequencies of complaints ranged from as low as 3.3% for tongue inflammation to as high as 53.3% for headache, with significant differences between E-cigarette users and non-users. Compared to non-smokers, E-cigarette users reported significantly higher prevalence of dry mouth (33.1% vs. 23.4%; P < 0.001), black tongue (5.9% vs. 2.8%; P = 0.002), and heart palpitation (26.3%% vs. 22.8%; P = 0.001). Although two-thirds of the sample reported no change in their physiological functions, E-cigarette users reported significant improvement in their physiological functions compared to never smokers or tobacco users. Conclusion: Dental students showed good oral hygiene practices, but E-cigarette users showed a higher prevalence of health complications.Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, Deanship of Scientific Research, King Saud University. The funder has no role in the design of the study as well as in the methodology, analysis, and interpretation of the data

MANDİBULADA MULTİPL MYELOMA İKİ OLGU SUNUMU

Multipl myeloma MM , erişkin çağın en sıkgörülen kemik tümörlerindendir. MM genellikle,kafatası, klavikula, vertebra, pelvis gibi yassıkemikleri tutar. Bu makalede mandibula posterior bölgeyitutan iki MM olgusu sunulmaktadır. İlk olgumuz57 yaşında alt çene sol tarafta ağrılı yumuşak dokukitlesi ile başvuran erkek hasta idi. İkinci olgumuzise 46 yaşında herhangi bir klinik şikayeti olmaks›z›n başvuran erkek hastayd›. Histopatolojik değerlendirmelerinde, plazma hücre infiltrasyonu ve immunohistokimyasal olarak kappa hafif zincir monoklonalitesi gözlenmiştir. MM 'da oral bulgular›n ortaya ç›kmas›, hastan›n ileri dönemde olduğuna işaret eder. Bu nedenle multipl myelomada olgular›n›n dikkatli değerlendirilmesi ve multidisipliner yaklaş›m gereklidi