Technique and Case Report

The damage or loss of anterior teeth causes a negative impact on the patient in many ways. In adolescents and young patients. the provisional replacement with artificial teeth may minimize this impact. Many approaches have been described for provisional restorations. This article discusses about a chairside fixed provisional restoration technique that was adjusted into the edentulous area of a 15-year old girl

of zirconia copings

Statement of problem. Proper marginal, axial, and occlusal adaptation of dental restorations is essential for their long-term success. Production protocols including digital impression systems have been developed, but little information is available on the adaptation of zirconia restorations produced via them.Purpose. The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the effects of digital impression protocols on the marginal, axial, and occlusal adaptation of zirconia copings.Material and methods. Thirty extracted human maxillary premolar teeth without caries or defects were used. The teeth were prepared for zirconia crowns and randomly divided into 3 groups. Zirconia copings were designed at a thickness of 0.5 mm with 30 mu m of simulated die spacer starting 1 mm from the margin of preparations. They were produced using computer-aided design computer-aided manufacture (CAD-CAM) protocol with a conventional impression (group Cn) and 2 different production protocols with digital impressions (group C) and group Tr. The marginal, axial, and occlusal discrepancies of these copings were measured using the silicone replica technique with stereomicroscopy at x50 magnification, and the data were analyzed with 1-way ANOVAs (alpha=.05).Results. The mean marginal discrepancy values were 85.6 mu m for group Cn, 58.7 mu m for group C, and 47.7 mu m for the Tr group. Significant differences were found among the production protocols in marginal, axial, and occlusal discrepancies (P.05), and group Tr revealed the lowest axial discrepancy (P.05).Conclusions. The copings produced with the aid of digital impression systems exhibited better marginal and occlusal adaptation than those of the copings produced with the aid of conventional impression

and Ceramic Materials and Evaluation of the Wettability

Purpose: When fracture of an all-ceramic restoration occurs, it can be necessary to repair without removing the restoration. Although there are many studies about the repair of metal-ceramic restorations, there are few about all-ceramic restorations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength between ceramic repair systems and esthetic core materials and to evaluate the wettability of all-ceramic core materials.Materials and Methods: Disk-like specimens (N = 90) made of three dental ceramic infrastructure materials (zirconia ceramic, alumina ceramic, glass ceramic) were polished with silicon carbide paper, prepared for bonding (abrasion with 30 mu m diamond rotary cutting instrument). Thirty specimens of each infrastructure were obtained. Each infrastructure group was divided into three subgroups; they were bonded using 3 repair systems: Bisco Intraoral Repair Kit, Cimara & Cimara Zircon Repair System, and Clearfil Repair System. After 1200 thermocycles, shear bond strength was measured in a universal testing machine at a 0.5 mm/min crosshead speed. In addition, the contact angle values of the infrastructures after surface treatments were examined for wettability. Data were analyzed by using ANOVA and Tukey post hoc tests.Results: Although there were no significant differences among the repair systems (p > 0.05) in the glass ceramic and zirconia groups, a significant difference was found among the repair systems in alumina infrastructure (p 0.05); however, a statistically significant difference was found among the repair systems (p < 0.05). No difference was found among the infrastructures and repair systems in terms of contact angle values.Conclusions: Cimara & Cimara Zircon Repair System had higher bond strength values than the other repair systems. Although no difference was found among the infrastructures and repair systems, contact wettability angle was decreased by surface treatments compared with polished surfaces

metal ceramic restorations produced with new technologies

Statement of problem. Marginal and axial discrepancies of metal ceramic restorations are key to their long-term success. Little information is available for metal ceramic restorations fabricated with soft metal milling and laser sintering technologies.Purpose. The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the marginal, axial, and occlusal discrepancies in single-unit metal ceramic restorations fabricated with new production techniques with those in a single-unit restoration fabricated using a conventional technique.Material and methods. After the artificial tooth was prepared, impressions were made, and 40 dies were obtained. Dies were randomly divided into 4 groups(n=10). Cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) cast (C), hard metal milled (HM), laser sintered (LS), and soft metal milled (SM) copings were fabricated. Marginal, axial, and occlusal discrepancies of these copings were measured using the silicone replica technique before and after the application of veneering ceramic. Data were analyzed with repeated measurements 2-way ANOVAs and Bonferroni post hoc tests (alpha=.05).Results. Significant differences were found in the increase of marginal discrepancy after the application of veneering ceramic in the LS group (rho=.016). However, no significant differences in marginal discrepancy were found whether veneering ceramic was applied to copings before or after in the other groups (P>.05). With regard to marginal and occlusal discrepancies, significant differences were found among the production techniques (P.05).Conclusion. This in vitro study showed that metal ceramic restorations produced with HM and newly introduced SM techniques exhibited better marginal adaptations than those produced with the LS or C technique

temporomandibular joint

This case report presents the prosthodontic rehabilitation of a patient with a resected right mandible, caused by an accident. Right condyle, ramus, and the posterior part of ramus were affected by the accident. These structures were resected, and the mandible was positioned toward the surgical area and a facial asymmetry was occurred. The patient was treated with a bar-retained maxillar denture with a guide ramp and an implant-supported fixed mandibular prosthesis

with conventional and powder-free digital impression techniques

PURPOSE. The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the marginal misfits three-unit frameworks fabricated with conventional and digital impressions techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Thirty brass canine and second premolar abutment preparations were fabricated by using a computer numerical control machine and were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=10) as follows: conventional impression group (Group Ci), Cerec Omnicam (Group Cdi), and 3shape TRIOS-3 (Group Tdi) digital impression groups. The laser-sintered metal frameworks were designed and fabricated with conventional and digital impressions. The marginal adaptation was assessed with a stereomicroscope at x30 magnification. The data were analyzed with 1-way analysis of variances (ANOVAs) and the independent simple t tests. RESULTS. A statistically significant difference was found between the frameworks fabricated by conventional methods and those fabricated by digital impression methods. Multiple comparison results revealed that the frameworks in Group Ci (average, 98.8 +/- 16.43 mu m; canine, 93.59 +/- 16.82 mu m; premolar, 104.10 +/- 15.02 mu m) had larger marginal misfit values than those in Group Cdi (average, 63.78 +/- 14.05 mu m; canine, 62.73 +/- 13.71 mu m; premolar, 64.84 +/- 15.06 mu m) and Group Tdi (average, 65.14 +/- 18.05 mu m; canine, 70.64 +/- 19.02 mu m; premolar, 59.64 +/- 16.10 mu m) (P=.000 for average; P=.001 for canine; P.05). CONCLUSION. The three-unit frameworks fabricated with digital impression techniques showed better marginal fit compared to conventional impression techniques. All marginal misfit values were clinically acceptable.C1 [Kocaagaoglu, Hasan] Calhan Dent Clin, Denizli, Turkey.[Albayrak, Haydar; Gurbulak, Aysegul Guleryuz] Erciyes Univ, Fac Dent, Dept Prosthodont, Kayseri, Turkey.[Sahin, Sezgi Cinel] Pamukkale Univ, Fac Dent, Dept Prosthodont, Pamukkale, Turkey

adaptation of metal-ceramic restorations fabricated with different

Statement of problem. The use of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) for metal-ceramic restorations has increased with advances in the technology. However, little is known about the marginal and internal adaptation of restorations fabricated using laser sintering (LS) and soft milling (SM). Moreover, the effects of repeated ceramic firings on the marginal and internal adaptation of metal-ceramic restorations fabricated with LS and SM is also unknown.Purpose. The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the effects of repeated ceramic firings on the marginal and internal adaptation of metal-ceramic copings fabricated using the lost wax (LW), LS, and SM techniques.Material and methods. Ten LW, 10 LS, and 10 SM cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) copings were fabricated for an artificial tooth (Frasaco GmbH). After the application of veneering ceramic (VITA VMK Master; VITA Zahnfabrik), the marginal and internal discrepancies of these copings were measured with a silicone indicator paste and a stereomicroscope at x100 magnification after the first, second, and third clinical simulated ceramic firing cycles. Repeated measures 2-way ANOVA and the Fisher LSD post hoc test were used to evaluate differences in marginal and internal discrepancies (alpha=.05).Results. Neither fabrication protocol nor repeated ceramic firings had any statistically significant effect on internal discrepancy values (P >.05). Marginal discrepancy values were also statistically unaffected by repeated ceramic firings (P >.05); however, the fabrication protocol had a significant effect on marginal discrepancy values (P .05).Conclusions. All groups demonstrated clinically acceptable marginal adaptation after repeated ceramic firing cycles; however, the LS and SM groups demonstrated better marginal adaptation than that of LW group and may be appropriate clinical alternatives to LW

adaptation of metal-ceramic restorations fabricated with different

Statement of problem. The use of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) for metal-ceramic restorations has increased with advances in the technology. However, little is known about the marginal and internal adaptation of restorations fabricated using laser sintering (LS) and soft milling (SM). Moreover, the effects of repeated ceramic firings on the marginal and internal adaptation of metal-ceramic restorations fabricated with LS and SM is also unknown.Purpose. The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the effects of repeated ceramic firings on the marginal and internal adaptation of metal-ceramic copings fabricated using the lost wax (LW), LS, and SM techniques.Material and methods. Ten LW, 10 LS, and 10 SM cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) copings were fabricated for an artificial tooth (Frasaco GmbH). After the application of veneering ceramic (VITA VMK Master; VITA Zahnfabrik), the marginal and internal discrepancies of these copings were measured with a silicone indicator paste and a stereomicroscope at x100 magnification after the first, second, and third clinical simulated ceramic firing cycles. Repeated measures 2-way ANOVA and the Fisher LSD post hoc test were used to evaluate differences in marginal and internal discrepancies (alpha=.05).Results. Neither fabrication protocol nor repeated ceramic firings had any statistically significant effect on internal discrepancy values (P >.05). Marginal discrepancy values were also statistically unaffected by repeated ceramic firings (P >.05); however, the fabrication protocol had a significant effect on marginal discrepancy values (P .05).Conclusions. All groups demonstrated clinically acceptable marginal adaptation after repeated ceramic firing cycles; however, the LS and SM groups demonstrated better marginal adaptation than that of LW group and may be appropriate clinical alternatives to LW

Implants: A Case Report

Since the introduction of turbo code aided Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest (HARQ) schemes, their complexity reduction has drawn research attention. In our previous work, we proposed an Early Stopping (ES) strategy for a turbo HARQ scheme, which results in a beneficial complexity reduction, while maintaining a high throughput. However, this scheme was designed to strike a compromise across the full range of channel conditions. As a further advance, in this paper, we propose a new Deferred Iterations (DI) strategy, which is specifically designed for taking into account the prevalent channel conditions, as characterized by the Extrinsic Information Transfer (EXIT) chart tunnel opening. More specifically, the DI strategy delays the commencement of turbo decoding until an open EXIT chart tunnel appears. Our simulation results demonstrate that the complexity of the proposed DI aided turbo HARQ schemes is reduced by up to 50%, which is achieved without compromising the Packet Loss Ratio (PLR) or throughput