Analytical expression of negative differential thermal resistance in a macroscopic heterojunction

Heat flux ($J$) generally increases with temperature difference in a material. A differential coefficient of $J$ against temperature ($T$) is called differential thermal conductance ($k$), and an inverse of $k$ is differential thermal resistance ($r$). Although $k$ and $r$ are generally positive, they can be negative in a macroscopic heterojunction with positive $T$-dependent interfacial thermal resistance (ITR). The negative differential thermal resistance (NDTR) effect is an important effect that can realize thermal transistor, thermal memory, and thermal logic gate. In this paper, we examine analytical expressions of $J$, $k$, $r$, and other related quantities as a function of parameters related to thermal conductivity ($\kappa$) and ITR in a macroscopic heterojunction to precisely describe the NDTR effect.Comment: 8 pages, 9 figures, J. Stat. Mech. (in press

Nucleon Electric Dipole Moments in High-Scale Supersymmetric Models

The electric dipole moments (EDMs) of electron and nucleons are promising probes of the new physics. In generic high-scale supersymmetric (SUSY) scenarios such as models based on mixture of the anomaly and gauge mediations, gluino has an additional contribution to the nucleon EDMs. In this paper, we studied the effect of the $CP$-violating gluon Weinberg operator induced by the gluino chromoelectric dipole moment in the high-scale SUSY scenarios, and we evaluated the nucleon and electron EDMs in the scenarios. We found that in the generic high-scale SUSY models, the nucleon EDMs may receive the sizable contribution from the Weinberg operator. Thus, it is important to compare the nucleon EDMs with the electron one in order to discriminate among the high-scale SUSY models.Comment: 22 pages, 8 figures, Version accepted for publication in JHE

Dominant role of impurity scattering over crystalline anisotropy for magnetotransport properties in the quasi-1D Hollandite Ba1.2Rh8O16

Angular magnetotransport measurements have been performed to tackle the origin of the magnetoresistance in the quasi-1D Hollandite Ba1.2Rh8O16. Three samples of different impurities amount were measured. We observe that the low temperature resistivity upturn is not due to a charge density wave transition, and a dominant role of impurities scattering for low temperature transport properties is instead demonstrated. The components of magnetoresistance were separated by using the Kohler plot and the angular dependency of the resistance under magnetic field. It shows the major contribution of an isotropic, likely spin driven, negative magnetoresistance. Galvanomagnetic characteristics are then consistent with a Kondo effect and appear to be essentially 3D at low temperature.Comment: accepted for publication in PR

Replacement of the Catalytic Nucleophile Aspartyl Residue of Dextran Glucosidase by Cysteine Sulfinate Enhances Transglycosylation Activity

Dextran glucosidase from Streptococcus mutans (SmDG) catalyzes the hydrolysis of an α-1,6-glucosidic linkage at the nonreducing end of isomaltooligosaccharides and dextran. This enzyme has an Asp-194 catalytic nucleophile and two catalytically unrelated Cys residues, Cys-129 and Cys-532. Cys-free SmDG was constructed by replacement with Ser (C129S/C532S (2CS), the activity of which was the same as that of the wild type, SmDG). The nucleophile mutant of 2CS was generated by substitution of Asp-194 with Cys (D194C-2CS). The hydrolytic activity of D194C-2CS was 8.1 × 10⁻⁴ % of 2CS. KI-associated oxidation of D194C-2CS increased the activity up to 0.27% of 2CS, which was 330 times higher than D194C-2CS. Peptide-mapping mass analysis of the oxidized D194C-2CS (Ox-D194C-2CS) revealed that Cys-194 was converted into cysteine sulfinate. Ox-D194C-2CS and 2CS shared the same properties (optimum pH, pI, and substrate specificity), whereas Ox-D194C-2CS had much higher transglucosylation activity than 2CS. This is the first study indicating that a more acidic nucleophile (-SOO−) enhances transglycosylation. The introduction of cysteine sulfinate as a catalytic nucleophile could be a novel approach to enhance transglycosylation

Failure Criterion of Lightweight Aggregate Concrete Subjected to Triaxial Compression

Based on the theoretical studies on the failure of homogeneous isotropic brittle materials, failure criteria of the materials under combined stresses are represented as convex surfaces in the principal stress space. The failure surface of lightweight aggregate concrete was determined experimentally through uniaxial, biaxial and triaxial compression tests with about two hundred of 10.5 cm cube specimens. The surface is convex and has the space diagonal as a threefold rotation axis. The surface expands with an increase of hydrostatic pressure. The right sections of the surface are slightly bulged from equilateral triangles and become more bulged as hydrostatic pressure increases

Salted Radish Root Biology during Food Processing

White radish root (daikon) is an important vegetable in Japanese food culture and has spawned the development of various cooking and processing methods. takuan-zuke is the major processed food derived from daikon. Takuan-zuke is prepared by the dehydration of the root using a salt-press or a weighted stone, or by sun-drying, followed by salt-aging using salt or salted rice bran. The color of takuan-zuke changes to yellow during salt-aging. We determined the effects of dehydration and salt-aging on the metabolism of daikon using takuan-zuke. In the yellowing reaction, the generation of daikon isothiocyanate was significant, requiring a temperature of ≥10°C and pH ≥5. The color change of the sun-dried takuan-zuke was the most significant. Moreover, we investigated the nutritional characteristics of takuan-zuke. In the sun-dried daikon, metabolism progressed for 3 weeks during drying, with increase in the concentrations of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and proline as well as drying stress metabolites. In the salt-pressed daikon, GABA concentrations temporarily increased due to osmotic stress but then decreased on metabolic inhibition by salt permeation. In addition, no change in the concentration of proline was observed under salt-press conditions. The results showed a marked difference between the stress response of the living and processed root

Development of a high-repetition-rate intense ultrashort optical parametric chirped-pulse amplifier system with a global dispersion management

In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird über die Entwicklung eines noncollinear optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification (NOPCPA) Lasers für few-cycle Pulse im nahen Infrarot mit hoher mittlerer Leistung berichtet. Ein neues Stretcher-Compressor Design ermöglicht eine Streckung des Pulses um einen Faktor > 10 hoch 4 auf über 80 ps Pulsdauer in einer Bandbreite von 690 nm bis 1010 nm in einem kompakten Aufbau. Die Transmission durch den Kompressor beträgt dabei mehr als 90 %. Es werden Pulse mit einer Pulsenergie von 125 Mikrojoule bei einer Repetitionsrate von 20 kHz erzeugt und erfolgreich auf bis zu 9,6 fs mit dem acousto-optic programmable dispersive filter (AOPDF) komprimiert. Durch die Streckung auf diese Größenordnung, ist eine Energieskalierung mit Hilfe einer weiteren NOPCPA stufe mit entsprechende hoher Energie der Pumppulse prinzipiell machbar