6 research outputs found
Life expectancy changes since COVID-19.
The COVID-19 pandemic triggered an unprecedented rise in mortality that translated into life expectancy losses around the world, with only a few exceptions. We estimate life expectancy changes in 29 countries since 2020 (including most of Europe, the United States and Chile), attribute them to mortality changes by age group and compare them with historic life expectancy shocks. Our results show divergence in mortality impacts of the pandemic in 2021. While countries in western Europe experienced bounce backs from life expectancy losses of 2020, eastern Europe and the United States witnessed sustained and substantial life expectancy deficits. Life expectancy deficits during fall/winter 2021 among people ages 60+ and <60 were negatively correlated with measures of vaccination uptake across countries (r60+ = -0.86; two-tailed P < 0.001; 95% confidence interval, -0.94 to -0.69; r<60 = -0.74; two-tailed P < 0.001; 95% confidence interval, -0.88 to -0.46). In contrast to 2020, the age profile of excess mortality in 2021 was younger, with those in under-80 age groups contributing more to life expectancy losses. However, even in 2021, registered COVID-19 deaths continued to account for most life expectancy losses
Pandemic babies? Fertility in the aftermath of the first COVID-19 wave across European regions
Early evidence demonstrates that the fertility response to the COVID-19 pandemic has
varied across European countries. Yet, prior research indicates that fertility responses to
disasters are often localized sub-nationally. Moreover, SARS-CoV-2 incidence, economic
pandemic impacts, and the affectedness by virus containment measures varied subnationally across Europe during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Sub-national
variation in the fertility response seems therefore possible. We conducted a rigorous data
collection effort in 28 European countries (equaling 241 European sub-national regions) and
used cutting-edge forecasting methods to assess sub-national variation in the fertility
response to the first six months of the COVID-19 pandemic. While we find sub-national
variation, our results reveal that the fertility response to the pandemic was dominated by
the country level, with Southern European countries witnessing more negative fertility
response to the early pandemic than Northern Europe. Variance decomposition even
indicates a ‘nationalization’ of birth rates during the winter months of 2020, as the withincountry variance in fertility declined and between-country variance increased. Nonetheless,
highly urbanized areas in Europe experienced significantly steeper fertility declines as a
response to the beginning of the pandemic, which is partly explained by their higher SARSCoV-2 incidence rates. SARS-CoV-2 incidence rates emerged as another important predictor
of the fertility response more broadly. Higher incidences were associated with steeper
fertility declines across the regions. Overall, country-level estimates represent fertility
responses to the COVID-19 pandemic generally well, but the regional dimension provides
additional important insight into how the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted fertility.publishedVersio
Pandemic babies? Fertility in the aftermath of the first COVID-19 wave across European regions
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Life table data for "Bounce backs amid continued losses: Life expectancy changes since COVID-19"
A set of CSV files containing life tables collected over the years 2015 through 2021 across 29 countries, as analyzed in the paper "Bounce backs amid continued losses: Life expectancy changes since COVID-19"
Data for Figures and Tables in "Bounce backs amid continued losses: Life expectancy changes since COVID-19"
Data for the figures and tables published in the paper "Bounce backs amid continued losses: Life expectancy changes since COVID-19
Life expectancy changes since COVID-19.
Funder: Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No 896821 Leverhulme Trust Large Centre Grant University of Oxford John Fell Fund ROCKWOOL Foundation’s Excess Deaths grantFunder: Estonian Research Council grant PSG 669Funder: University of Oxford John Fell Fund European Research Council grant ERC-2021-CoG-101002587Funder: ROCKWOOL Foundation’s Excess Deaths grantFunder: Leverhulme Trust Large Centre GrantUniversity of Oxford John Fell FundFunder: Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No 896821Leverhulme Trust Large Centre GrantUniversity of Oxford John Fell FundThe COVID-19 pandemic triggered an unprecedented rise in mortality that translated into life expectancy losses around the world, with only a few exceptions. We estimate life expectancy changes in 29 countries since 2020 (including most of Europe, the United States and Chile), attribute them to mortality changes by age group and compare them with historic life expectancy shocks. Our results show divergence in mortality impacts of the pandemic in 2021. While countries in western Europe experienced bounce backs from life expectancy losses of 2020, eastern Europe and the United States witnessed sustained and substantial life expectancy deficits. Life expectancy deficits during fall/winter 2021 among people ages 60+ and <60 were negatively correlated with measures of vaccination uptake across countries (r60+ = -0.86; two-tailed P < 0.001; 95% confidence interval, -0.94 to -0.69; r<60 = -0.74; two-tailed P < 0.001; 95% confidence interval, -0.88 to -0.46). In contrast to 2020, the age profile of excess mortality in 2021 was younger, with those in under-80 age groups contributing more to life expectancy losses. However, even in 2021, registered COVID-19 deaths continued to account for most life expectancy losses