An Appreciation of the Scientific Researches of Dr Peter H. Dawson

Upon the death of Peter H. Dawson in 2015, mass spectrometry lost a major figure. Within the area of radiofrequency quadrupole electric fields applied to mass spectrometry, Dawson stands alongside its pioneers Wolfgang Paul, Nobelist and inventor of the technology, and Wilson Brubaker, who identified and overcame the deleterious effects of fringing electric fields on quadrupole mass filter performance. Seventy‐one of Dawson's 97 scientific publications are concerned with quadrupole mass analyzers, ion traps and monopole mass spectrometers. Of especial note are his book and review articles in which he disseminated information on the theoretical fundamentals and practicalities of these systems to a wider audience, thereby having a major impact on the development of this important field of endeavour. The scientific researches of Dr Dawson and his advice and counsel, influenced to a major degree, and to the better, the research careers, teachings and the lives of the authors of this piece. Their combined researches quadrupole devices led to the commercialization of the ion trap as a mass spectrometer by which mass spectral information became available at greatly reduced cost. Thus, the advent of commercial ion trapping instruments permitted a greater use of mass spectrometry in both technically advanced countries and those less well advanced. The greatest impact in health services was mass spectrometric analysis of environmental problems, well and stream water, food free of pesticides, etc., and forensic sciences. Our combined indebtedness to Dr Dawson is manifested by this appreciation of his scientific work, the highlighting of his main contributions, and creation of a substantive reference source to his work that can be used by other scientists. A comprehensive list of Dr Dawson's publications, including abstracts or summaries, has been arranged in chronological order of date of submission

Respectability, Religion and Psychiatry in New Zealand: A Case Study of Ashburn Hall, Dunedin, 1882-1910

This thesis uses the patient case records from the private asylum Ashburn Hall in Dunedin, New Zealand, between 1882 and 1910 to unpick how and what the three medical superintendents of the asylum during this time thought about the patients they treated, the intellectual and cultural influences at play in forming these judgements, and the complexity of the role of Christianity within the asylum. These three medical superintendents were Edward William Alexander, medical superintendent from 1882 to 1897; Frank Hay, medical superintendent from 1897 to 1904; and Edward Henry Alexander, medical superintendent from 1904 to 1911. This thesis employs a qualitative approach to the doctors’ writings about patients. These writings reveal a range of intellectual influences which can be traced back to their education and employment histories. A range of cultural influences are also present in their judgements about and treatment of patients. Throughout this thesis, the concept of ‘bourgeois respectability’ is used as a tool to gain insight into the three doctors’ judgements of and discourse about their patients. Bourgeois respectability denotes the general system of values and norms which guided the middle-class members of colonial New Zealand’s population. These norms played an important part in the definitions of sane and insane behaviour in the doctors’ writings. Bourgeois respectability also informed doctors’ discourse and judgements about their patients’ religious expressions and beliefs. The second main focus of this thesis is on religion within Ashburn Hall. Religion in the asylum has been under-examined by historians. In Ashburn Hall it was cast by the doctors as both pathological, in the case of patients with religious delusions, and as potentially therapeutic in some cases. Doctors’ roles took on some aspects of clerical ones, but to characterise doctors as priests obscures the importance and complexity of the roles religion had to play within the asylum. The archives of Ashburn Hall provide a window through which to view the operation of trends in medicine and the operation of social and cultural values on medical judgement in colonial New Zealand

Respectability, Religion and Psychiatry in New Zealand: A Case Study of Ashburn Hall, Dunedin, 1882-1910

This thesis uses the patient case records from the private asylum Ashburn Hall in Dunedin, New Zealand, between 1882 and 1910 to unpick how and what the three medical superintendents of the asylum during this time thought about the patients they treated, the intellectual and cultural influences at play in forming these judgements, and the complexity of the role of Christianity within the asylum. These three medical superintendents were Edward William Alexander, medical superintendent from 1882 to 1897; Frank Hay, medical superintendent from 1897 to 1904; and Edward Henry Alexander, medical superintendent from 1904 to 1911. This thesis employs a qualitative approach to the doctors’ writings about patients. These writings reveal a range of intellectual influences which can be traced back to their education and employment histories. A range of cultural influences are also present in their judgements about and treatment of patients. Throughout this thesis, the concept of ‘bourgeois respectability’ is used as a tool to gain insight into the three doctors’ judgements of and discourse about their patients. Bourgeois respectability denotes the general system of values and norms which guided the middle-class members of colonial New Zealand’s population. These norms played an important part in the definitions of sane and insane behaviour in the doctors’ writings. Bourgeois respectability also informed doctors’ discourse and judgements about their patients’ religious expressions and beliefs. The second main focus of this thesis is on religion within Ashburn Hall. Religion in the asylum has been under-examined by historians. In Ashburn Hall it was cast by the doctors as both pathological, in the case of patients with religious delusions, and as potentially therapeutic in some cases. Doctors’ roles took on some aspects of clerical ones, but to characterise doctors as priests obscures the importance and complexity of the roles religion had to play within the asylum. The archives of Ashburn Hall provide a window through which to view the operation of trends in medicine and the operation of social and cultural values on medical judgement in colonial New Zealand

Gestalt and figure-ground: reframing graduate attribute conversations between educational developers and academics

Academics implementing graduate attributes, and the educational developers who support those academics, may experience graduate attributes and disciplinary knowledge and skills as unrelated dimensions of curriculum. Gestalt conceptions of curriculum, together with a figure-ground understanding of the relationship between disciplinary understanding and university-determined graduate attributes may help support a more integrated view. We reflect on the ways in which, by adopting these concepts in curriculum conversations, educational developers and university academics might together define, identify, and develop graduate attributes in disciplinary contexts in integrated ways