Организация работ по локализации и ликвидации аварийного разлива нефти и нефтепродуктов на водной поверхности

Объектом исследования являются методы локализации и ликвидации разливов нефти на водной поверхности. Цель работы – провести анализ существующих методов и тактических мероприятий по локализации и ликвидации разливов нефти на водной поверхности. В процессе исследования проводился анализ имеющихся данных, на основе которых были выделение наиболее эффективные методы локализации и ликвидации разливов нефти на водной поверхности. Проведен расчет объема вытекшей нефти и количества сорбента, требуемого для ликвидации разлива. В результате исследования было выявлено, что наиболее эффективным способом локализации разливов на водной поверхности являются боны с различными механизмами их установки, а наиболее эффективными методами ликвидации – использование скиммеров и сорбентов.Объектом исследования являются методы локализации и ликвидации разливов нефти на водной поверхности. Цель работы – провести анализ существующих методов и тактических мероприятий по локализации и ликвидации разливов нефти на водной поверхности. В процессе исследования проводился анализ имеющихся данных, на основе которых были выделение наиболее эффективные методы локализации и ликвидации разливов нефти на водной поверхности. Проведен расчет объема вытекшей нефти и количества сорбента, требуемого для ликвидации разлива. В результате исследования было выявлено, что наиболее эффективным способом локализации разливов на водной поверхности являются боны с различными механизмами их установки, а наиболее эффективными методами ликвидации – использование скиммеров и сорбентов

Local erythropoietin and endothelial progenitor cells improve regional cardiac function in acute myocardial infarction

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Expanded endothelial progenitor cells (eEPC) improve global left ventricular function in experimental myocardial infarction (MI). Erythropoietin beta (EPO) applied together with eEPC may improve regional myocardial function even further by anti-apoptotic and cardioprotective effects. Aim of this study was to evaluate intramyocardial application of eEPCs and EPO as compared to eEPCs or EPO alone in experimental MI.</p> <p>Methods and Results</p> <p>In vitro experiments revealed that EPO dosed-dependently decreased eEPC and leukocyte apoptosis. Moreover, in the presence of EPO mRNA expression in eEPC of proangiogenic and proinflammatory mediators measured by TaqMan PCR was enhanced. Experimental MI was induced by ligation and reperfusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery of nude rats (n = 8-9). After myocardial transplantation of eEPC and EPO CD68+ leukocyte count and vessel density were enhanced in the border zone of the infarct area. Moreover, apoptosis of transplanted CD31 + TUNEL + eEPC was decreased as compared to transplantation of eEPCs alone. Regional wall motion of the left ventricle was measured using Magnetic Resonance Imaging. After injection of eEPC in the presence of EPO regional wall motion significantly improved as compared to injection of eEPCs or EPO alone.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Intramyocardial transplantation of eEPC in the presence of EPO during experimental MI improves regional wall motion. This was associated with an increased local inflammation, vasculogenesis and survival of the transplanted cells. Local application of EPO in addition to cell therapy may prove beneficial in myocardial remodeling.</p

Untersuchungen an Flavonen und Diterpenestern aus Extrakten von Orthosiphonblaettern mit inhibitorischer Aktivitaet auf die humane Leukozytenelastase (E.C.3.4.21.11)

Available from TIB Hannover: DW 5351 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman

Optimizing isothiocyanate formation during enzymatic glucosinolate breakdown by adjusting pH value, temperature and dilution in Brassica vegetables and Arabidopsis thaliana

Consumption of glucosinolate-rich Brassicales vegetables is associated with a decreased risk of cancer with enzymatic hydrolysis of glucosinolates playing a key role. However, formation of health-promoting isothiocyanates is inhibited by the epithiospecifier protein in favour of nitriles and epithionitriles. Domestic processing conditions, such as changes in pH value, temperature or dilution, might also affect isothiocyanate formation. Therefore, the influences of these three factors were evaluated in accessions of Brassica rapa, Brassica oleracea, and Arabidopsis thaliana. Mathematical modelling was performed to determine optimal isothiocyanate formation conditions and to obtain knowledge on the kinetics of the reactions. At 22 °C and endogenous plant pH, nearly all investigated plants formed nitriles and epithionitriles instead of health-promoting isothiocyanates. Response surface models, however, clearly demonstrated that upon change in pH to domestic acidic (pH 4) or basic pH values (pH 8), isothiocyanate formation considerably increases. While temperature also affects this process, the pH value has the greatest impact. Further, a kinetic model showed that isothiocyanate formation strongly increases due to dilution. Finally, the results show that isothiocyanate intake can be strongly increased by optimizing the conditions of preparation of Brassicales vegetables

Investigations on cellulose-based high voltage composite cathodes for lithium ion batteries

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), a green and low-cost binder, is used to make lithium-ion battery composite electrodes containing the high voltage cathode material Li2MnO3-LiMO2. This combination of materials results in a homogeneous electrode, which is proved by electron microscopy. The results of the electrochemical investigation indicate that CMC operates well at very high voltages (4.8 V). Compared to the PVDF binder, the CMC-based electrode shows an improved cycling stability as well as a very promising rate capability. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Cu3P binary phosphide: Synthesis via a wet mechanochemical method and electrochemical behavior as negative electrode material for lithium-ion batteries

Mechanochemical synthesis of Cu3P in the presence of n-dodecane results in a material with a secondary particle size distribution of 10 μ m, secondary particles which consist of homogeneously agglomerated 20 nm primary particles. The electrochemical performance of Cu3P with lithium is infl uenced by the reaction depth, in other words by the lower potential cut-off. During the electrochemical reaction, the displacement of copper by lithium from the Cu3P structure until the formation of Li3 P and Cu deteriorates the capacity retention. Improved performance was obtained when the charge potential was limited to 0.50 V (vs. Li/Li+) and the formation of the Li x Cu 3-x P phase (0 = × = 2). In this case, when the potential is limited to 0.5 V, the capacity is stable for more than 50 cycles. Acceptable electrochemical performances in Li-ion cells within the voltage range 0.50-2.0 V (vs. Li/Li+) were shown when Cu3P was used as an anode and Li 1.2 (Ni0.13Mn0.54Co0.13)O 2and LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 as positive electrode materials. © 2013 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co