2 research outputs found
Trends in Cardiovascular Risk Factors Among Patients With Coronary Heart Disease: Results From the EUROASPIRE I, II, and III Surveys in the Münster Region
Background: Target values for cardiovascular risk factors in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) are stated in guidelines for the prevention of cardiovascular disease. We studied secular trends in risk factors over a 12-year period among CHD patients in the region of Munster, Germany.
Methods: The cross-sectional EUROASPIRE I, II and III surveys were performed in multiple centers across Europe. For all three, the Munster region was the participating German region. In the three periods 1995/96, 1999/2000, and 2006/07, the surveys included (respectively) 392, 402 and 457 <= 70-year-old patients with CHD in Munster who had sustained a coronary event at least 6 months earlier.
Results: The prevalence of smoking remained unchanged, with 16.8% in EUROASPIRE I and II and 18.4% in EUROASPIRE III (p=0.898). On the other hand, high blood pressure and high cholesterol both became less common across the three EUROASPIRE studies (60.7% to 69.4% to 55.3%, and 94.3% to 83.4% to 48.1%, respectively; p<0.001 for both). Obesity became more common (23.0% to 30.6% to 43.1%, p<0.001), as did treatment with antihypertensive and lipid-lowering drugs (80.4% to 88.6% to 94.3%, and 35.0% to 67.4% to 87.0%, respectively; p<0.001 for both).
Conclusion: The observed trends in cardiovascular risk factors under-score the vital need for better preventive strategies in patients with CHD
Functional and Structural Profiling of the Human Thrombopoietin Gene Promoter*S⃞
Human thrombopoietin (TPO) is involved in cardiovascular disease as it
regulates megakaryocyte development and enhances platelet
adhesion/aggregation. The THPO promoter structure is still
controversial. By reverse transcription-PCR, we confirm that THPO
transcription is cell line-dependently initiated at two alternative promoters,
which we newly designated P1a and P1. We subsequently electrophoretically
scanned and resequenced these portions in 95 and 57 patients with
cardiovascular disease, respectively, and identified seven variants
(–1450/del58bp, C-920T [rs2855306], A-622G, C-413T [rs885838], C+5A,
G+115A, and C+135T). After subcloning of 1032 bp of THPO P1 in
pGL3-basic vector, five molecular haplotypes (MolHaps1–5) were observed:
[A–622-C–413-C+5-G+115;
wild type (wt)],
[A–622-T–413-C+5-G+115],
[G–622-T–413-C+5-G+115],
[A–622-C–413-A+5-G+115],
[A–622-C–413-C+5-A+115],
and analyzed in reporter gene assays in HEK293T and HepG2 cells. MolHaps 2, 4,
and 5 were significantly more active than wt (all p values ≤0.01)
in HEK293T cells, MolHap3 exerted a substantial loss of promoter activity
(p < 0.0001 in HEK293T and p < 0.01 in HepG2, compared
with wt). Electrophoretic mobility shift assays revealed that A-622G and
C-413T individually differed from MolHaps in their DNA-protein interaction
patterns. Supershift and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays identified
CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein δ as the binding protein exclusively for
the –622A allelic portion