Can biorelevant media be simplified by using SLS and tween 80 to replace bile compounds?

In the scientific literature, the use of a surfactant is recommended for both designing quality control tests for water insoluble or sparingly water soluble drugs and for predicting the bioavailability of drugs from various types of formulations. Since the number of poorly soluble drugs is increasing, the selection of adequate dissolution test for these becomes more and more important. The aim of the present study was to develop predictive and discriminatory test methods based on surfactants that are recommended in the literature. Particular respect was given to the use of sodium lauryl sulfate and Tween 80, the two most commonly used surfactants for this purpose. Tamoxifen was used as a model drug. Dissolution experiments were performed using various concentrations of the two surfactants in buffer media typically used to prepare biorelevant test media. Results were then compared with those deriving from the same test formulations in biorelevant and simplified “biorelevant” media. Results from this study indicate that the concentration of surfactant has a huge impact on both the rate and extent of drug release from the formulation and also on the discriminatory power of the test. However, they also indicate that a well designed and validated test medium containing SLS or Tween 80 can be useful in terms of establishing a discriminatory test medium that possibly could also be used to assure batch to batch bioequivalence. Therefore, the approach described in the present paper might be very helpful for developing predictive and discriminatory methods in early formulation development for poorly soluble drugs and which could also be adopted for QC

Heterogeneous Capital, Entrepreneurship, and Economic Organization

We outline an Austrian approach to economic organization based on the entrepreneur and the Austrian idea of capital as heterogeneous and time-dimensioned, tow themes associated with Israel Kirzner's contributions. We provide a novel interpretation of capital heterogeneity based on the notion of attributes, argue that attributes are costly to measure and that this links directly to the theory of economic organization. In particular, we develop insights in economic organization based on the notion that entrepreneurs will often have to experiment with capital assets to gauge the value of these assets when deployed in production.Austrian Economics, capital, knowledge

The search phase of college choice as experienced by eleven prospective students visiting a Midwest College of Agriculture

Master of ScienceCurriculum and Instruction ProgramsShannon WashburnEach year higher education institutions seek to recruit and attract high school graduates to their institutions. Millions of high school seniors each year are in the midst of the college choice process, attempting to determine which institution is “right” for them. This study explored college choice factors important to high school seniors in the search phase of the college choice process. To carry out this study purposeful sampling was used to select 11 high school seniors participating in individually scheduled campus visits. An interview process was used to investigate what college choice factors were important to them when choosing a university/college. Student responses were ultimately categorized into six areas: interest in a specific major/program area, reputation, ideal distance from home, family interaction with institution, factors related to paying for college, and campus environment

Your Right to Privacy: A Selective Bibliography

An awareness of relevant contemporary legal thought in the area of privacy is especially important today in light of what appears to be an increasing hostility to .the notion of individual privacy. The following bibliography considers privacy in terms of concept and application, and should prove useful to scholars, practitioners, and those seeking to gain more knowledge about this very important and complicated area of law

Your Right to Privacy: A Selective Bibliography

An awareness of relevant contemporary legal thought in the area of privacy is especially important today in light of what appears to be an increasing hostility to .the notion of individual privacy. The following bibliography considers privacy in terms of concept and application, and should prove useful to scholars, practitioners, and those seeking to gain more knowledge about this very important and complicated area of law

Your Right to Privacy and Children\u27s Rights/Family Law: A Selective Bibliography

In a society increasingly aware of real or perceived social inequities, it is not surprising to note a greater concern for the rights of children and their families. It is also apparent that privacy issues are an integral subset of the larger social sphere of interests. Privacy aspects can be seen to be involved pervasively throughout the area of law dealing with children and families, especially in view of the fact that there is obvious potential for conflict not only between families and the state, but between children and the families of which they are a par

Employee/Employer

The issue of privacy as it relates to employment in general is one of great concern, both to employers and employees. Both groups are faced with increasing threats to their individual or corporate privacy. Given that such threats carry personal, economic and social consequences, it is not surprising that many people are concerned. The bibliography which follows provides the reader with many sources which should prove useful to those well-versed in the subject, as well as to those who are looking at this issue for the first time

Drug Testing/Use

Drug testing is one of the most controversial of recent privacy issues. The bibliography which follows provides the reader with access to a wide range of discussion on this topic which is, or should be, of interest to everyone. Whether in our private lives, or on the job, drug use and drug testing will have an impact on every one of us

Sexual Freedom and Your Right to Privacy: A Selective Bibliography

Like so many other privacy issues, concern over sexual freedom took on more than intellectual overtones with the advent of greater public discussion. As courts and government appeared to enter the most private domain of all, the bedroom, the public\u27s interest in privacy issues dealing with sexual freedom increased dramatically. This bibliography should serve as a valuable tool for researchers who have an interest in this highly controversial area of social concern