Sustainability of phytoremediation: Post-harvest stratagems and economic opportunities for the produced metals contaminated biomass

Heavy metals (HMs) are indestructible and non-biodegradable. Phytoremediation presents an opportunity to transfer HMs from environmental matrices into plants, making it easy to translocate from one place to another. The ornate features of HMs’ phytoremediation are biophilia and carbon neutrality, compared to the physical and chemical remediation methods. Some recent studies related to LCA also support that phytoremediation is technically more sustainable than competing technologies. However, one major post-application challenge associated with HMs phytoremediation is properly managing HMs contaminated biomass generated. Such a yield presents the problem of reintroducing HMs into the environment due to natural decomposition and release of plant sap from the harvested biomass. The transportation of high yields can also make phytoremediation economically inviable. This review presents the design of a sustainable phytoremediation strategy using an everevolving life cycle assessment tool. This review also discusses possible post-phytoremediation biomass management strategies for the HMs contaminated biomass management. These strategies include composting, leachate compaction, gasification, pyrolysis, torrefaction, and metal recovery. Further, the commercial outlook for properly utilizing HMs contaminated biomass was presented.Authors apologize to all authors whose research has supported this area of interest, and their relevant findings were left out during the preparation of this review. Funding sources: This work was financed by the GREENER project of the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (Grant Agreement No. 826312). It has also received funds from Board of Education of Junta de Castilla y Leon ´ and the European Social Fund

Response on Syeda Amna Bukhari, et al. (J Pak Med Assoc. 72: 1909-1912, 2022) Comparison of exergaming and vestibular training on gaze stability, balance and gait performance of older adults: A single blind randomized control trial

Thank you for such an interactive feedback, research flourish by these interactions. Following are the explanations of the queries raised on article, “Comparison of exergaming and vestibular training on gaze stability, balance, and gait performance of older adults: A single blind randomized control trial” The points are hereby enlisted

Response on Syeda Amna Bukhari, et al. (J Pak Med Assoc. 72: 1909-1912, 2022) Comparison of exergaming and vestibular training on gaze stability, balance and gait performance of older adults: A single blind randomized control trial

Thank you for such an interactive feedback, research flourish by these interactions. Following are the explanations of the queries raised on article, “Comparison of exergaming and vestibular training on gaze stability, balance, and gait performance of older adults: A single blind randomized control trial” The points are hereby enlisted

Comparison of exergaming and vestibular training on gaze stability, balance, and gait performance of older adults: a single blind randomized control trail

Objective: To compare the effects of exergaming and vestibular training on gaze stability, balance and gait performance of older adults. Method: The single-blind randomised controlled trial was conducted from August to October 2020 at the Doctor Raza Clinic, Swabi, Pakistan, and comprised individuals of both genders aged 60-75 years. The subjects were randomised into two groups using the sealed envelope method. Group 1 received exergaming, while group 2 received vestibular training 3 days a week for 6 weeks. The outcomes measures were dynamic gait index, time up and go test and non-instrumented dynamic visual acuity test. Data was analysed using SPSS 21. Results: Of the 24 subjects, 12(50%) were in each of the two groups. Overall, there were 16(66%) males and 8(33%) females with a mean age of 66.3±4.36 years. Intra-group improvement was significant compared to the baseline (p0.05). Conclusion: Both exergaming and vestibular training has similar effects on gaze stability, balance, and gait performance among the older adults. Clinical Trials.gov Identifier: NCT04414462 Key Words: Exergaming, Vestibular training, Gaze stability, Older adults