Vibrations induced by different charged oxygen vacancies in quartz-like GeO2

We have studied local configurations and vibrations of oxygen vacancies in different charged states in α-quartz GeO2 by computer simulation. First-principles potential of the Buckingham type has been used in calculations. The investigation of the lattice dynamics in defective crystal is performed using the phonon local density of states. The calculation of the densities of states is facilitated with Lanczos recursion. Frequencies of localized vibrations induced by oxygen vacancies are determined. © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Interstitial-oxygen induced localized vibrational properties in alpha-quartz

Local configurations and localized vibrations of oxygen interstitials in different charged states in alpha-quartz are investigated by computer calculations. First-principle potentials of the Buckingham type have been used in numerical modeling. The study of the lattice dynamics in defective crystal is performed using the phonon local density of states. Frequencies of localized vibrations induced by oxygen interstitials are determined. It is shown that the atomic configuration, type, number and frequency of localized vibrations depend on the sign and magnitude of the interstitial atom charge. © 2012 Elsevier B.V

Eu-induced lattice vibrations in Gd2O3 crystals

The effect of trivalent Eu impurity occupying a position with the S6 site symmetry in cubic Gd2O3 on the latter's structure and phonon spectrum is investigated. This study was performed by means of computer modeling within a shell model. The equilibrium structures and phonon local symmetrized densities of states were calculated. In addition, frequencies of localized vibrations induced by Eu ion were determined. The calculated results were compared with the available experimental data in literature. © 2019 IOP Publishing Ltd.Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Minobrnauka: 3.1485.2017/4.6№ 02.The work was supported partially by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (Government Task № 3.1485.2017/4.6) and by Act 211 of Government of the Russian Federation, contract № 02.A03.21.0006

Globalization and regionalization: Institution aspect

The urgency of the analyzed problem is due to the fact that regionalization and globalization have a dual nature and depend on the institutional system, which, in turn, affects the establishment of new rules in the economic space in which interact businesses. The purpose of the article is to justify the fact that the institutional aspect of globalization and regionalization is, above all, in the establishment of new rules and norms of the economy that affect all businesses, and one of the key roles is performed by innovation and investment institutions. The main methods in the study of this problem is the dialectical method, which allows identifying trends in the development institutions at the regional level. Results: the article proves that the development of modern market institutions is associated with the stimulation of innovation activity in the regions and the creation of innovation systems in them, the effectiveness of which depends on the degree of interconnectedness and interdependence of the national innovation system, which corresponds to the globalization processes. The data of the article may be useful in determining institutions of the Samara region that promote economic development and competitiveness of the region, as well as practical development of managerial decisions related to improving the efficiency of the use of economic and administrative resources. © 2016 Matveev et al

VIBRATIONAL PROPERTIES OF PHOTOSENSITIVE OXYGEN DEFECTS IN SiO2/GeO2-BASED STRUCTURES

The structures of silicon and germanium dioxides with oxygen defects were optimized. The local phonon densities of states for modes projected onto displacement of nearest ions surrounding defects were calculated

A social portrait of the Russian trainer

The purposes of this paper are to survey Russian trainers to create a social portrait of the professional group and to identify features, which could be arranged as a foothold for transforming this group to a new level given the demands of the modern economy. This study integrates the use of quantitative and qualitative social research strategies to obtain, aggregate, and analyze data characterizing the professional group of trainers in the Russian vocational education and training (VET) system. The basic research was provided by questionnaires in all federal districts (as recognized by international law) of the Russian Federation. The quantitative poll of trainers was conducted by representative two-level sampling. A number of tables and charts provide a social portrait of the Russian trainer. The statistical data reveal the current level of trainers’ education as well as their length of service, distribution of vocations, and other significant features. The overall conclusion from these findings indicates that a typical representative of this professional group is a woman of average or slightly advanced age with a family, who has a VET or higher education, has served as a training officer for not less than 10 years, and who has either been recruited as a highly skilled worker or as a specialist. A typical representative feels the need to change something in the life and teaching of the young people that she knows. The research into trainers as a professional group was conducted first because of their uniformity, and secondly, their typicality as a pedagogical group. In many respects, the main characteristics of the social portrait are similar to characteristics of other professional groups in the Russian education system, such as secondary and post-secondary school teachers, and VET teachers. The study is based on one country. It is the first and only survey of its type in the Russian Federation. The paper provides a unique analysis of the situation with trainers in the VET system of the Russian Federation. © 2016 Kopnov et al