42 research outputs found

    Tax Audit: Implementation of Compliance Risk Management

    Get PDF
    In 2011, the OECD published a Compliance Risk Management (CRM) guide that countries worldwide can use to mitigate the level of taxpayer compliance risk. In 2019, the Directorate General of Taxes began implementing a national-scale CRM using computerization, especially in tax audits. Using the Compliance Risk Management model in tax audit activities is a step forward because the Directorate General of Taxes has implemented technology according to OECD recommendations. This study aimed to determine the tax audit system before and after implementing the Compliance Risk Management (CRM) model and assess the impact of implementing the Compliance Risk Management model on tax audit activities in Indonesia. This study also aims to determine the obstacles and effects of implementing Compliance Risk Management (CRM) on tax audits in Indonesia. This research is a qualitative descriptive study with data collection methods through library research and interviews. The results of this study reveal that implementing the Compliance Risk Management (CRM) model has a positive impact, especially on the process before the tax audit. The Compliance Risk Management (CRM) model can help to set priorities based on the level of taxpayer risk

    EVALUATION OF SMOKING INDUCED EARLY PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE LUNGS AND THEIR ASSOCIATION WITH POLYMORPHISMS OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE CANDIDATE GENES

    No full text
    Elektroniskā versija nesatur pielikumusPētījuma mērķis bija noskaidrot smēķēšanas izraisītās iekaisīgās un funkcionālās pārmaiņas plaušās jauniem smēķētājiem un to saistību ar HOPS kandidātgēniem. Tika izveidotas pētījumam atbilstošas veselu nesmēķējošu un asimptomātisku smēķējošu brīvprātīgo jauniešu grupas. Pētījuma dalībniekiem tika novērtēta plaušu ventilācijas funkcija, veikta krēpu indukcija imūno šūnu izvērtēšanai un tika ņemtas venozās asinis ģenētiskai izpētei. Pētījums apstiprināja hipotēzi, ka jauniem indivīdiem ar salīdzinoši mazu smēķēšanas stāžu un normāliem plaušu ventilācijas funkcijas rādītājiem jau ir konstatējamas pārmaiņas ierosināto krēpu imūno šūnu spektrā, kas liecina par agrīnu iekaisuma reakciju un minētās pārmaiņas ir saistītas ar pētītajiem HOPS kandidātgēnu polimorfismiem. Atslēgvārdi: smēķēšana, HOPS, inducētās krēpas, kandidātgēniThe aim of this study was to evaluate the smoking-induced inflammatory and pulmonary function changes in young tobacco smokers and their association with COPD candidate genes. We enrolled groups of young smoking and young nonsmoking volunteers adequate for research. We evaluated pulmonary function, performed sputum induction to evaluate immune cell spectrum and took venous blood samples for genetic analysis. We confirmed our hypothesis that even in young individuals with relatively brief history of smoking and normal pulmonary function parameters there are some changes in the cell spectrum in their induced sputum, which indicate development of COPD and may be relevant in regards to COPD candidate genes. Keywords: smoking, COPD, induced sputum, candidate gene

    Opportunities to Improve Skills to Create Text with Appositive Phrases in Latvian Language Lessons in Grade 8

    No full text
    Diplomdarba 8. klases skolēnu prasmes veidot tekstu ar savrupinājumiem attīstīšanas iespējas latviešu valodas stundās mērķis ir izpētīt, vai, izmantojot izstrādāto lingvodidaktisko materiālu, iespējams attīstīt 8. klases skolēnu prasmi veidot tekstu ar savrupinājumiem. Kā liecina darba autores pieredze, tieši interpunkcijas normu ievērošana rakstītajā tekstā skolēniem sagādā vislielākās grūtības. Tādēļ izstrādātajā materiālā īpaša uzmanība pievērta pieturzīmju lietošanai, atdalot dažādas sintaktiskās konstrukcijas, īpaši savrupinājumus. Mācību saturs veidots tā, lai kompleksi tiktu attīstīta skolēnu valodas, komunikatīvā un sociokultūras kompetence. Diplomdarba divās nodaļās raksturota mācību satura lingvistiskā un lingvodidaktiskā bāze, bet trešajā nodaļā sniegts izmēģinājumdarbībā iesaistīto skolēnu pedagoģiskais raksturojums un veikta lingvodidaktiskā materiāla aprobācijas norises un rezultātu analīze. Pielikumos ievietoti mācībās izmantotie materiāli – diagnosticējošais darbs, 3 darba lapas, papildmateriāls mācību vielas apguvei un konstatējošā darba vērtēšanas kritēriji. Darba apjoms – 63 lpp.The aim of the diploma paper Opportunities to Improve Skills to Create Text with Appositive Phrases in Latvian Language Lessons in Grade 8 is study whether is it possible to develop students’ skill to use appropriate appositive phrases and punctuation (for its seperation from the rest of the sentence) in own built text using developed and approved didactic material. As the author’s experience shows, directly the usage of punctuation norms in written text causes the greatest difficulty for pupils. Therefore in developed material the focus is on the usage of punctuation seperating different sintactic constructions in sentence in that way highlighting the role of appositive phrases in written text. The sylabus is made to develop students’ language, comunicative and sociolcultural competence. Two chapters of the diploma paper contain theoretical knowledge in which the linguistic base of curriculum and lingvodidactic substantiation of students’ language development are both characterized, but the third chapter of the diploma paper includes the analysis of test results that are made by making pedagogical characteristics of students, it also includes analysis of lingvodidactical material approbation’s process and results. Additions include a diagnostic work and its evaluation criteria made for acquiring the teaching material, include work and answer sheets for acquiring syllabus, and also presentation that includes the additional materials for more successful lessons. The extent of the work: 63 pages
    corecore