Formylation, dicyanovinylation and tricyanovinylation on 5-alkoxy- and 5-amino-substituted-2,2´-bithiophenes

Several donor-acceptor-substituted bithiophenes were synthesized by functionalization of the corresponding 5-alkoxy- or 5-aminobithiophenes 1 by different methods: Vilsmeier formylation, metalation followed by reaction with DMF, direct tricyanovinylation reaction using TCNE or Knoevenagel condensation starting from the corresponding 5-formyl- derivatives of 1.ICCTI/French Embassy (Technical and Scientific Cooperation Programme). Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia - POCTI/QUI/37816/2001, FMRH / BSAB / 134/99

A combination of friedel-crafts and lawesson reactions to 5-substituted-2,2´-bithiophenes

Gama-Keto esters (2) derivatives of thiophene were obtained from hemi-succinic esters and transformed to the corresponding amides (4). Lawesson´s treatment of 2 and 4 gave the corresponding bithiophenes (5) with alkoxy or amino substituents.Fundação para a Ci~Encia e Tecnologia. ICCTI/French Embassy - Technical and Scientific~Cooperation Programme

Automated Reconstruction of Particle Cascades in High Energy Physics Experiments

We present a procedure for reconstructing particle cascades from event data measured in a high energy physics experiment. For evaluating the hypothesis of a specific physics process causing the observed data, all possible reconstruction versions of the scattering process are constructed from the final state objects. We describe the procedure as well as examples of physics processes of different complexity studied at hadron-hadron colliders. We estimate the performance by 20 microseconds per reconstructed decay vertex, and 0.6 kByte per reconstructed particle in the decay trees.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures. Submitted to Computational Science & Discover

Concepts, Developments and Advanced Applications of the PAX Toolkit

The Physics Analysis eXpert (PAX) is an open source toolkit for high energy physics analysis. The C++ class collection provided by PAX is deployed in a number of analyses with complex event topologies at Tevatron and LHC. In this article, we summarize basic concepts and class structure of the PAX kernel. We report about the most recent developments of the kernel and introduce two new PAX accessories. The PaxFactory, that provides a class collection to facilitate event hypothesis evolution, and VisualPax, a Graphical User Interface for PAX objects

Inverse Scattering for Gratings and Wave Guides

We consider the problem of unique identification of dielectric coefficients for gratings and sound speeds for wave guides from scattering data. We prove that the "propagating modes" given for all frequencies uniquely determine these coefficients. The gratings may contain conductors as well as dielectrics and the boundaries of the conductors are also determined by the propagating modes.Comment: 12 page

Lifshitz Tails in Constant Magnetic Fields

We consider the 2D Landau Hamiltonian $H$ perturbed by a random alloy-type potential, and investigate the Lifshitz tails, i.e. the asymptotic behavior of the corresponding integrated density of states (IDS) near the edges in the spectrum of $H$. If a given edge coincides with a Landau level, we obtain different asymptotic formulae for power-like, exponential sub-Gaussian, and super-Gaussian decay of the one-site potential. If the edge is away from the Landau levels, we impose a rational-flux assumption on the magnetic field, consider compactly supported one-site potentials, and formulate a theorem which is analogous to a result obtained in the case of a vanishing magnetic field

Synthesis of 1-amino-4-(2´-thienyl)phthalazine derivatives

A synthesis of 1-amino substituted 4-(2´-thienyl)-phthalazines is described from halo- derivatives of 4-(2´-thienyl)-1-(2H)-phthalazinone 3.Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia. FEDER - POCTI (ref. POCTI/QUI/37816/2001)

Synthesis of arylamino-thieno-oxobutanamides and reactivity studies on the cyclisation with the Lawesson´s reagent

1-aryl-2-thienyl-substituted pyrroles and 5-arylamino-2,2´-bithiophenes are synthesized by treatment of arylamino-thieno-oxobutanamides with Lawesson´s reagent. These in turn are prepared by direct amidation of 4-oxo-(2-thienyl)butanoic acid through DCC/BtOH mediated reaction.Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia. FEDER - POCTI/QUI/37816/2001

The First INTEGRAL AGN Catalog

We present the first INTEGRAL AGN catalog, based on observations performed from launch of the mission in October 2002 until January 2004. The catalog includes 42 AGN, of which 10 are Seyfert 1, 17 are Seyfert 2, and 9 are intermediate Seyfert 1.5. The fraction of blazars is rather small with 5 detected objects, and only one galaxy cluster and no star-burst galaxies have been detected so far. A complete subset consists of 32 AGN with a significance limit of 7 sigma in the INTEGRAL/ISGRI 20-40 keV data. Although the sample is not flux limited, the distribution of sources shows a ratio of obscured to unobscured AGN of 1.5 - 2.0, consistent with luminosity dependent unified models for AGN. Only four Compton-thick AGN are found in the sample. Based on the INTEGRAL data presented here, the Seyfert 2 spectra are slightly harder (Gamma = 1.95 +- 0.01) than Seyfert 1.5 (Gamma = 2.10 +- 0.02) and Seyfert 1 (Gamma = 2.11 +- 0.05).Comment: 17 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in Ap