A study on karyotypes of two species of Anoplius (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae) in Kars plateau, Turkey [Türkiye-Kars platosunda İki Anoplius (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae) Türünün karyotipi]

In this study, karyotypes of two Pompilidae species [Anoplius viaticus (Linnaeus 1758) and Anoplius concinnus (Dahlbom 1845)] were studied. Based on metaphase studies, it was determined that Anoplius viaticus has 2n=28 chromosomes and that their karyotypes consisted of 3 metacentric, 2 submetacentric and 9 acrocentric chromosome pairs, and the fundamental number (NF) was 38. Metaphase studies of Anoplius concinnus gave the result that it had 2n=28 chromosomes, of which karyotype consisted of 2 metacentric, 4 submetacentric and 8 acrocentric chromosome pairs, and the NF was 40. No heteromorphic sex chromosomes for each species were found

Dipyrone ameliorates behavioural changes induced by unpredictable chronic mild stress: Gender differences

PubMedID: 27917785Purpose: Antidepressant effects of analgesics have been investigate in both clinical and experimental studies. The purpose of this study was to investigate if the analgesic-antipyretic drug, dipyrone, also had antidepressant-like effects. Methods: Depression-like effects were investigated in an unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) model in both male and female mice. Cage changes, light-dark cycle reversal, cage tilting, wet floor, empty cage, foreign material on the floor and predator sounds were used to induce light stress at different times for six weeks. Dipyrone was administered intraperitoneally beginning from the third week. Splash, rota-rod (RR) and forced swimming (FST) tests were performed at the seventh week as behavioural tests to evaluate the antidepressant-like effects of dipyrone. Coat state score (CSS) and weights of animals were recorded at seventh weeks. Results were analyzed using one or two-way ANOVA followed by the Bonferonni post hoc test. Results: Weight of UCMS-exposed mice did not change compared with controls; however, significant changes were observed in CSS in both sexes of stressed mice (p < 0.05). RR latency decreased and immobility time enhanced in FST test in both sexes of stressed mice (p < 0.05). Grooming behaviour was not different between the groups in female mice, but different in male mice in the splash test. Dipyrone did not produce a significant change in CSS in the UCMS-exposed group but reversed the latency time and immobility time to normal values in both sexes of mice and augmented the number of grooming behaviour only in stressed male mice. Conclusion: These results indicate that dipyrone produce antidepressant-like effects to some symptoms of UCMS according to gender. © 2016 CIM

Dipyrone ameliorates behavioural changes induced by unpredictable chronic mild stress: gender differences

Purpose: Antidepressant effects of analgesics have been investigate in both clinical and experimental studies. The purpose of this study was to investigate if the analgesic-antipyretic drug, dipyrone, also had antidepressant-like effects. Methods: Depression-like effects were investigated in an unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) model in both male and female mice. Cage changes, light-dark cycle reversal, cage tilting, wet floor, empty cage, foreign material on the floor and predator sounds were used to induce light stress at different times for six weeks. Dipyrone was administered intraperitoneally beginning from the third week. Splash, rota-rod (RR) and forced swimming (FST) tests were performed at the seventh week as behavioural tests to evaluate the antidepressant-like effects of dipyrone. Coat state score (CSS) and weights of animals were recorded at seventh weeks. Results were analyzed using one or two-way ANOVA followed by the Bonferonni post hoc test. Results: Weight of UCMS-exposed mice did not change compared with controls; however, significant changes were observed in CSS in both sexes of stressed mice (