Online Appendix to Efficient Timing of Retirement

Post-retirement, the model in the main text (published in the Review of Economic Dynamics) reduces to the Merton (1969) problem, which has of course an exact solution. Pre-retirement, however, the agent holds an American option, namely, retire now or keep working. Problems involving American options are generally difficult to solve exactly. This appendix describes an approximate solution to the agent's pre-retirement problem.retirement, life cycle model, optimal stopping problem

Protozoan Free Colonies of Lepidoptera

A method for the establishment and maintenance of colonies of Lepidoptera which are free of contamination with protozoa is provided. The colonies consists of individuals capable of breeding and producing viable, noncontaminated butterflies

An XML format for benchmarks in High School Timetabling

The High School Timetabling Problem is amongst the most widely used timetabling problems. This problem has varying structures in different high schools even within the same country or educational system. Due to lack of standard benchmarks and data formats this problem has been studied less than other timetabling problems in the literature. In this paper we describe the High School Timetabling Problem in several countries in order to find a common set of constraints and objectives. Our main goal is to provide exchangeable benchmarks for this problem. To achieve this we propose a standard data format suitable for different countries and educational systems, defined by an XML schema. The schema and datasets are available online

Electronic transport anisotropy of 2D carriers in biaxial compressive strained germanium

The anisotropic nature of carrier mobility in simple cubic crystalline semiconductors, such as technologically important silicon and germanium, is well understood as a consequence of effective mass anisotropy arising from a change in band structure along non-identical surface crystal directions. In contrast to this, we show experimentally that this type of anisotropy is not the dominant contribution. Recent advances in epitaxial growth of high quality germanium enabled the appearance of high mobility 2D carriers suitable for such an experiment. A strong anisotropy of 2D carrier mobility, effective mass, quantum, and transport lifetime has been observed, through measurements of quantum phenomena at low temperatures, between the ⟨110⟩ and ⟨100⟩ in-plane crystallographic directions. These results have important consequences for electronic devices and sensor designs and suggest similar effects could be observed in technologically relevant and emerging materials such as SiGe, SiC, GeSn, GeSnSi, and C (Diamond)

The hydrolysis of proteins by microwave energy

Microwave energy, at manually-adjusted, partial power settings has been used to hydrolyse bovine serum albumin at 125 °C. Hydrolysis was complete within 2 h, except for valine and isoleucine which were completely liberated within 4 h. The aminoacid destruction was less than that observed at similar hydrolysis conditions with other methods and complete hydrolysis was achieved more rapidly. These results provide a basis for automating the process of amino-acid hydrolysis

Protection against Bordetella pertussis in mice in the absence of detectable circulating antibody: implications for long-term immunity in children

Most vaccines used for humans work through humoral immunity, yet many appear to be protective even after specific circulating antibody levels have waned to undetectable levels. Furthermore, it has been difficult to define a serologic correlate of protection against a number of infectious diseases, including those caused by Bordetella pertussis. B. pertussis clearance in immunized mice has been shown to correlate with pertussis vaccine efficacy in children. This murine respiratory challenge model was used to demonstrate persistent vaccine-induced protection against B. pertussis in the absence of circulating antibody at the time of challenge. Whole-cell and acellular pertussis vaccines induced persistent memory T and B cells and anamnestic antibody responses after challenge. The findings suggest that immunologic memory is more significant in protection than is the induction of immediate antibody responses and imply that vaccinated children still may be protected against disease following the disappearance of specific serum IgG