Attachment goes to court: child protection and custody issues

Attachment theory and research are drawn upon in many applied settings, including family courts, but misunderstandings are widespread and sometimes result in misapplications. The aim of this consensus statement is, therefore, to enhance understanding, counter misinformation, and steer family-court utilisation of attachment theory in a supportive, evidence-based direction, especially with regard to child protection and child custody decision-making. The article is divided into two parts. In the first, we address problems related to the use of attachment theory and research in family courts, and discuss reasons for these problems. To this end, we examine family court applications of attachment theory in the current context of the best-interest-of-the-child standard, discuss misunderstandings regarding attachment theory, and identify factors that have hindered accurate implementation. In the second part, we provide recommendations for the application of attachment theory and research. To this end, we set out three attachment principles: the child’s need for familiar, non-abusive caregivers; the value of continuity of good-enough care; and the benefits of networks of attachment relationships. We also discuss the suitability of assessments of attachment quality and caregiving behaviour to inform family court decision-making. We conclude that assessments of caregiver behaviour should take center stage. Although there is dissensus among us regarding the use of assessments of attachment quality to inform child custody and child-protection decisions, such assessments are currently most suitable for targeting and directing supportive interventions. Finally, we provide directions to guide future interdisciplinary research collaboration

За кадры. 1984. № 13 (2534)

Старейший технический вуз СибириПуть в студенты / В. Н. БеломестныхДневное отделениеЗаочное отделениеНаучились работать / Н. ХалиловаВечернее отделениеОбдуманное решение / С. ЖуковК заветной цели / А. ГехтПосле работы - на занятия / Н. ИльиченкоОстанется след / Т. ПащенкоСтанем студентами / А. Мерзляков, Ю. ПерышкинАбитуриентов приглашает - вечерний факультет / В. И. МеркуловЧто нужно знать поступающему… на дневноеЧто нужно знать поступающему… на заочное и вечернееТомскУсловия прием

Nuclear molecule Formation and time delay in collisions of nuclei with Z1_1 + Z2≥_2 \ge 110

We investigated the formation of nuclear molecules and the occurrence of time delays in reactions of the superheavy systems 64Ni + 207Pb ($Z_{1}+Z_{2}=110$), 132Xe + 208Pb ($Z_{1}+Z_{2}=136$) and 238U + 238U ($Z_{1}+Z_{2}=184$. In deep inelastic binary reactions of Ni + Pb and Xe + Pb we observed clear signatures for the formation of long-living molecule-like nuclear systems which rotate by large angles of 180 degree. The evolution of the nuclear molecules was accompanied by large energy dissipation and a strong deformation of the nuclear system. The results from the giant system U + U revealed striking similarities to the ones from Ni + Pb and Xe + Pb , showing that significant time delays still occur in the heaviest accessible systems. The experiments were performed at the velocity filter SHIP at GSI and at the VAMOS spectrometer at GANIL

α\alpha decay of 243Fm143^{243}Fm_{143} and 245Fm145^{245}Fm_{145} , and of their daughter nuclei

International audienceNuclear structure of Fm243, Fm245, and their daughter nuclei were investigated via detection of their radioactive decays, α, γ, and spontaneous fission. Measured α-decay energies, half-lives, and branching ratios improve the literature data significantly. A signature for detection of the hitherto unknown Cm235 was found in the α-decay chains from Fm243. Two groups of α events with average energies of 6.69(2) MeV and 7.01(2) MeV and with a half-life of T1/2=300−100+250 s are suggested to originate from Cm235. Tentative decay schemes for Fm243, Cf239, Cm235, and Fm245, Cf241 isotopes are suggested based on the present experimental data. Systematical trends of single-particle states in N=141 isotones of Z=92–98 nuclei are discussed

Study of nuclear structure influencing fusion reactions

The influence of the nuclear structure of projectile and target nuclei on the capture cross-sections was investigated in the fusion reactions 34S+204,206,208Pb and 36S+204,206,208Pb. Capture cross-sections were deduced from the fission fragments measured with multi-wire proportional counters. Significantly enhanced capture-fission cross-sections were observed for the 34S induced reactions compared to 36S at beam energies below the interaction barriers. The experimental results were compared to a coupled-channel calculation. The enhancement was explained by strong couplings to vibrational states of the 34S with 204,206,208Pb. The capture and evaporation residue cross-sections of 34S+208Pb and 36S+206Pb reactions which lead to the same compound nucleus 242Cf are compared and discussed

Spontaneous fission of neutron-deficient fermium isotopes and the new nucleus 241Fm^{241}Fm

Spontaneous fission of neutron-deficient fermium isotopes (N ≤ 144) was investigated. The nuclei were produced in fusion-evaporation reactions of 40Ar beams with 204,206–208Pb targets. Excitation functions of the two-and three-neutron evaporation channels were measured. The new isotope 241Fm was identified, and its decay properties were determined. A previously made assignment of a 0.8 ms spontaneous-fission activity to the isotope 242Fm could not be confirmed. Isomeric states were not observed in any of the investigated isotopes. The experiments were performed at the velocity filter SHIP of GSI in Darmstadt