11,270 research outputs found
Milnacipran affects mouse impulsive, aggressive, and depressive-like behaviors in a distinct dose-dependent manner
Serotonin/noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are widely used for the treatment for major depressive disorder, but these drugs induce several side effects including increased aggression and impulsivity, which are risk factors for substance abuse, criminal involvement, and suicide. To address this issue, milnacipran (0, 3, 10, or 30 mg/kg), an SNRI and antidepressant, was intraperitoneally administered to mice prior to the 3-choice serial reaction time task, residente-intruder test, and forced swimming test to measure impulsive, aggressive, and depressive-like behaviors, respectively. A milnacipran dose of 10 mg/kg suppressed all behaviors, which was accompanied by increased dopamine and serotonin levels in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) but not in the nucleus accumbens (NAc). Although the most effective dose for depressive-like behavior was 30 mg/kg, the highest dose increased aggressive behavior and unaffected impulsive behavior. Increased dopamine levels in the NAc could be responsible for the effects. In addition, the mice basal impulsivity was negatively correlated with the latency to the first agonistic behavior. Thus, the optimal dose range of milnacipran is narrower than previously thought. Finding drugs that increase serotonin and dopamine levels in the mPFC without affecting dopamine levels in the NAc is a potential strategy for developing novel antidepressants
Evidence for a preformed Cooper pair model in the pseudogap spectra of a Ca10(Pt4As8)(Fe2As2)5 single crystal with a nodal superconducting gap
For high-Tc superconductors, clarifying the role and origin of the pseudogap
is essential for understanding the pairing mechanism. Among the various models
describing the pseudogap, the preformed Cooper pair model is a potential
candidate. Therefore, we present experimental evidence for the preformed Cooper
pair model by studying the pseudogap spectrum observed in the optical
conductivity of a Ca10(Pt4As8)(Fe2As2)5 (Tc = 34.6 K) single crystal. We
observed a clear pseudogap structure in the optical conductivity and observed
its temperature dependence. In the superconducting (SC) state, one SC gap with
a gap size of {\Delta} = 26 cm-1, a scattering rate of 1/{\tau} = 360 cm-1 and
a low-frequency extra Drude component were observed. Spectral weight analysis
revealed that the SC gap and pseudogap are formed from the same Drude band.
This means that the pseudogap is a gap structure observed as a result of a
continuous temperature evolution of the SC gap observed below Tc. This provides
clear experimental evidence for the preformed Cooper pair model.Comment: 15 pages, 4 figure
Analysis of Bioconversion and Bacterial Community of Thermophilic Hydrogen Production Using UASB Reactor (Advanced Studies on Sustainable Animal Production: Interrelationships among Human, Animal and Environment, 8th International Symposium of Integrated Field Science)
Poster Sessio
Possible evidence for electromagnons in multiferroic manganites
Magnetodielectric materials are characterized by a strong coupling of
magnetic and dielectric properties and in rare cases simultaneously exhibit
both, magnetic and polar order. Among other multiferroics, TbMnO3 and GdMnO3
reveal a strong magneto-dielectric (ME) coupling and as a consequence
fundamentally new spin excitations exist: Electro-active magnons, or
electromagnons, i. e. spin waves which can be excited by ac electric fields.
Here we show that these excitations appear in the phase with an incommensurate
(IC) magnetic structure of the manganese spins. In external magnetic fields
this IC structure can be suppressed and the electromagnons are wiped out,
thereby inducing considerable changes in the index of refraction from dc up to
THz frequencies. Hence, besides adding a new creature to the zoo of fundamental
excitations, the refraction index can be tuned by moderate magnetic fields,
which allows the design of a new generation of optical switches and
optoelectronic devices.Comment: 4 Pages, 2 figure
New Application of IEEE 11073 to Home Health Care
We propose a new home health care network for the acquisition and transmission of data from ordinary home health care appliances based on IEEE11073. In this study, we develop a standard protocol for data collection and a simple interface to accommodate different monitoring systems that make use of different data protocols. The system provides for one-way data transmission, thus saving power and conforming to Japanese pharmaceutical law. Our standardized protocol was verified during a 1-year field test involving 20 households in Japan. Data transmission errors between home health care devices and the home gateway were 4.21 per a day with our newly developed standard protocol. Over a 1 year period, we collected and analyzed data from 241,000 separate sources associated with healthy, home-based patients and chronically ill, clinic-based patients, the latter through physician intervention. We evaluate some of the possible applications for collecting daily health care data and introduce some of our findings relating primarily to body weight and blood pressure monitoring for elderly subjects in their own homes
Charge excitations associated with charge stripe order in the 214-type nickelate and superconducting cuprate
Charge excitations were studied for stipe-ordered 214 compounds,
LaSrNiO and 1/8-doped La(Ba, Sr)CuO
using resonant inelastic x-ray scattering in hard x-ray regime. We have
observed charge excitations at the energy transfer of 1 eV with the momentum
transfer corresponding to the charge stripe spatial period both for the
diagonal (nikelate) and parallel (cuprates) stripes. These new excitations can
be interpreted as a collective stripe excitation or charge excitonic mode to a
stripe-related in-gap state.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
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