Japan\u27s Contribution to Global Constitutionalism

In this paper I want to approach the theme of “globalization and Japan” from the standpoint of constitutional studies. Constitutions and constitutionalism are important means of reining in political power, and in the modern sovereign state system, constitutions and constitutionalism have been conceived on the level of single states. However, as many scholars have observed, one can see the global spread of power in, for example, the worldwide deployment of the US military using overseas bases throughout the world, and the worldwide activities of transnational corporations based in the US, Europe, and Japan. In sum, this is the global spread of military and social power. It is urgent that we rein in this global power. Although controlling power through single-state-level constitutions and constitutionalism is perhaps still the most important priority, we must also consider the possibilities of global constitutionalism or regional constitutionalism now when power is spreading globally. This paper will explore global constitutionalism, which is now the subject of vigorous discussion for those concerned with global governance. Finally, the paper will link global constitutionalism with the pacifism in Japan\u27s constitution

Japan\u27s Contribution to Global Constitutionalism

In this paper I want to approach the theme of “globalization and Japan” from the standpoint of constitutional studies. Constitutions and constitutionalism are important means of reining in political power, and in the modern sovereign state system, constitutions and constitutionalism have been conceived on the level of single states. However, as many scholars have observed, one can see the global spread of power in, for example, the worldwide deployment of the US military using overseas bases throughout the world, and the worldwide activities of transnational corporations based in the US, Europe, and Japan. In sum, this is the global spread of military and social power. It is urgent that we rein in this global power. Although controlling power through single-state-level constitutions and constitutionalism is perhaps still the most important priority, we must also consider the possibilities of global constitutionalism or regional constitutionalism now when power is spreading globally. This paper will explore global constitutionalism, which is now the subject of vigorous discussion for those concerned with global governance. Finally, the paper will link global constitutionalism with the pacifism in Japan\u27s constitution

Ultradiscretization of the solution of periodic Toda equation

A periodic box-ball system (pBBS) is obtained by ultradiscretizing the periodic discrete Toda equation (pd Toda eq.). We show the relation between a Young diagram of the pBBS and a spectral curve of the pd Toda eq.. The formula for the fundamental cycle of the pBBS is obtained as a colloraly.Comment: 41 pages; 7 figure

On the initial value problem of a periodic box-ball system

We show that the initial value problem of a periodic box-ball system can be solved in an elementary way using simple combinatorial methods.Comment: 9 pages, 2 figure

Fundamental Cycle of a Periodic Box-Ball System

We investigate a soliton cellular automaton (Box-Ball system) with periodic boundary conditions. Since the cellular automaton is a deterministic dynamical system that takes only a finite number of states, it will exhibit periodic motion. We determine its fundamental cycle for a given initial state.Comment: 28 pages, 6 figure

An experimental and theoretical approach for the carbon deposition problem during steam reforming of model biogas

The conversion of biogas to electricity presents an attractive niche application for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). A number of attempts have been made to use biogas as a fuel for high temperature fuel cell systems such as SOFCs. Biogas can be converted to a hydrogen-rich fuel in a reforming process which can use steam or carbon dioxide as the reforming agent. Conventionally, the reforming process is conducted at around 850◦C using several different catalysts depending on application. Biogas naturally contains the reforming agent, carbon dioxide, however, for typical biogas the content of carbon dioxide is insufficient to conduct the reforming process safely. Fore those cases, steam is added to prevent carbon deposition. Carbon formation occurs between the catalyst and the metal support, creating fibers which damage the catalytic property of the reactor. A number of papers have dealt with the problem of carbon deposition during both methane steam reforming and dry reforming. However, from the standpoint of solid oxide fuel cells, not every carbon-free condition is optimal for its operation. This paper treats this subject, explaining the mechanism of carbon formation during the steam reforming of biogas and using a numerical analysis to determine efficient and carbon-free working conditions

A Study on Income Statement by Customer Segment in Making Decision Based on Customer Profitability Analysis

近年の電子商取引の拡大にともない，取引における顧客セグメント管理は，より一層重要になっている．管理会計・原価計算研究において，顧客セグメント管理へ有用な会計情報を提供する手法の一つとして，顧客別収益性分析が検討されてきた．わが国において，このような研究が取り組まれるきっかけとなったのは，フォスターの先行研究といえる．フォスターの研究の貢献は，顧客別収益性分析と原価階層の概念とを統合したところにある．その一方で，フォスターの研究の課題は，共通費の配賦に見られる．顧客別収益性分析では，その活用の一つとして，「取引を廃止するか，継続するか」という意思決定がある．そのような意思決定に対して，業績評価を主目的とした顧客セグメント別損益計算書を適用するためには，キャパシティ・コストの管理可能性に加えて回避可能性も考慮することになる．そこで，フォスターが示した利益の多段階計算の枠組みを適用することによって，回避可能性の概念を考慮した顧客セグメント別損益計算書の計算構造を見いだすことができる．研究論