Coarse grained DEM simulation of non-spherical and poly-dispersed particles using Scaled-Up Particle (SUP) model

In this work, the validity of the Scaled-Up Particle (SUP) model, which is a novel coarse grain model for Discrete Element Method (DEM), is examined to simulate a flow of non-spherical and poly-dispersed particles. The SUP model is based on the authors’ previous work and the scaling law is derived from the continuum assumption of an arbitrary particles flow. We discuss that the model is applicable not only to spherical and mono-dispersed particles, as is the case tested in the previous work, but also to non-spherical and poly-dispersed particles. Simulations of various systems are performed such as compression of a particle bed, heap formation, high shear mixer, large scale rotary drum and V-mixer. It is shown that the results obtained from the SUP model are in both qualitative and quantitative agreement with those from the original particles as long as the resolution is sufficiently high.Washino K., Chan E.L., Nishida Y., et al. Coarse grained DEM simulation of non-spherical and poly-dispersed particles using Scaled-Up Particle (SUP) model. Powder Technology 426, 118676 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2023.118676

ビリーフの形成と変化のメカニズムについての社会心理学的研究

関西大

Development of knowledge on economic inequality

小論は，経済的格差についての知識が，発達的にどのように取得されてくるかを面接調査したものである。小学校児童を対象として，職業における収入比較，品物における価格比較を求め，その経済的格差の額，およびその理由を尋ねた。その結果，職業収入の評価では発達的な連鎖的変化がみられたが，品物価格の評価ではそれはみられず低学年も高学年も同じ順位だった。これは，職業収入評価よりも品物価格評価の方が，児童にとって，親近感があるためと考えられる。そこで，この結果の解釈には，ある種の社会的知識は，論理的―数学的知識とは違って，情報依存的であると述べたJahoda (1982) の説が最も適当するのではないかと考えられる。This research is of acquirement of knowledge on economic inequality or difference. By interview, children of primary school have been asked to judge on incomes of some occupations and prices of some goods, respectively. And then, children have been also asked reasons of economic inequalities in incomes and prices. The results in our research showed developmental sequential change on income-judgement, but did not show developmental sequential change on price-judgement. Therefore, we think that for children prices of goods is more familiar and informative than incomes of occupations. These results are consistent with Jahoda\u27s argument (1982) that certain forms of social knowledge are heavily information-dependent.社会学部設立二十周年記念特

Pion Excess, Nuclear Correlations, and the Interpretation of (p⃗,n⃗\vec p, \vec n) Spin Transfer Experiments

Conventional theories of nuclear interactions predict a net increase in the distribution of virtual pions in nuclei relative to free nucleons. Analysis of data from several nuclear experiments has led to claims of evidence against such a pion excess. These conclusions are usually based on a collective theory (RPA) of the pions, which may be inadequate. The issue is the energy dependence of the nuclear response, which differs for theories with strong NN correlations from the RPA predictions. In the present paper, information about the energy dependence is extracted from sum rules, which are calculated for such a correlated, noncollective nuclear theory. The results lead to much reduced sensitivity of nuclear reactions to the correlations that are responsible for the pion excess. The primary example is $(\vec p,\vec n)$ spin transfer, for which the expected effects are found to be smaller than the experimental uncertainties. The analysis has consequences for Deep Inelastic Scattering (DIS) experiments as well.Comment: 16 pages, LaTeX, no figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.

Distorted wave impulse approximation analysis for spin observables in nucleon quasi-elastic scattering and enhancement of the spin-longitudinal response

We present a formalism of distorted wave impulse approximation (DWIA) for analyzing spin observables in nucleon inelastic and charge exchange reactions leading to the continuum. It utilizes response functions calculated by the continuum random phase approximation (RPA), which include the effective mass, the spreading widths and the \Delta degrees of freedom. The Fermi motion is treated by the optimal factorization, and the non-locality of the nucleon-nucleon t-matrix by an averaged reaction plane approximation. By using the formalism we calculated the spin-longitudinal and the spin-transverse cross sections, ID_q and ID_p, of 12C, 40Ca (\vec{p},\vec{n}) at 494 and 346 MeV. The calculation reasonably reproduced the observed ID_q, which is consistent with the predicted enhancement of the spin-longitudinal response function R_L. However, the observed ID_p is much larger than the calculated one, which was consistent with neither the predicted quenching nor the spin-transverse response function R_T obtained by the (e,e') scattering. The Landau-Migdal parameter g'_N\Delta for the N\Delta transition interaction and the effective mass at the nuclear center m^*(r=0) are treated as adjustable parameters. The present analysis indicates that the smaller g'_{N\Delta}(\approx 0.3) and m^*(0) \approx 0.7 m are preferable. We also investigate the validity of the plane wave impulse approximation (PWIA) with the effective nucleon number approximation for the absorption, by means of which R_L and R_T have conventionally been extracted.Comment: RevTex 3, 29 pages, 2 tables, 8 figure

Computed Tomographic Epidurography in Patients with Low Back Pain and Leg Pain: A Single-Center Observational Study

This study was conducted to analyze the findings and benefits of computed tomography (CT) epidurography in patients with low back and leg pain and compare these findings with those of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images. In total, 495 intervertebral discs from 99 patients with low back and leg pain who underwent percutaneous epidural adhesiolysis (epidural neuroplasty or percutaneous adhesiolysis) were examined. The axial views of CT epidurography were classified into six types to examine each intervertebral disc: round type, ellipse type, spike type, Benz mark, incomplete block, complete block, and non-contrast. MRI images were graded from A to D using the Schizas classification. Notably, 176 images were round-type and ellipse-type axial views, and 138 were spike-type and Benz-mark views; Schizas classification Grades A and B were observed in 272 and 47 MRI images, respectively. The incomplete block and complete block axial images did not significantly differ in CT epidurography and Schizas classification Grades C and D. The images showing Benz marks existed only at the L4/5 and L5/S intervertebral levels and only in 14.7% of patients. The ratio of normal shadows differed between MRI images and CT epidurography. Therefore, CT epidurography may enable a detailed evaluation of the epidural space

Lack of modulatory effect of the SCN5A R1193Q polymorphism on cardiac fast Na+ current at body temperature.

SCN5A encodes the main subunit of the NaV1.5 channel, which mediates the fast Na+ current responsible for generating cardiac action potentials. The single nucleotide polymorphism SCN5A(R1193Q), which results in an amino acid replacement in the subunit, is common in East Asia. SCN5A(R1193Q) is often identified in patients with type 3 long QT syndrome and Brugada syndrome. However, its linkage to arrhythmic disorders is under debate. Previous electrophysiological studies performed at room temperature inconsistently reported the gain- or loss-of-function effect of SCN5A(R1193Q) on the NaV1.5 channel. More recently, it was theoretically predicted that SCN5A(R1193Q) would exert a loss-of-function effect at body temperature. Here, we experimentally assessed whether SCN5A(R1193Q) modulates the NaV1.5 channel at various temperatures including normal and febrile body temperatures. We compared voltage-gated Na+ currents in SCN5A(R1193Q)-transfected and wild-type SCN5A-transfected HEK293T cells using a whole-cell voltage-clamp technique. First, we made comparisons at constant temperatures of 25°C, 36.5°C, and 38°C, and found no difference in the conductance density, voltage dependence of gating, or time dependence of gating. This suggested that SCN5A(R1193Q) does not modulate the NaV1.5 channel regardless of temperature. Second, we made comparisons while varying the temperature from 38°C to 26°C in 3 min, and again observed no difference in the time course of the amplitude or time dependence of gating during the temperature change. This also indicated that SCN5A(R1193Q) does not modulate the NaV1.5 channel in response to an acute body temperature change. Therefore, SCN5A(R1193Q) may not be a monogenic factor that triggers arrhythmic disorders