1,047 research outputs found
High Tunnel Design, Site Development, and Construction
High tunnels are low technology plant growing structures that provide opportunity for season extension, severe weather protection, and modified environments to increase productivity and visual quality of harvested plant products. This publication describes high tunnel components, site selection, development, covering materials, installation, and operation.
Experienced specialty plant growers can increase the quality of their products and the duration of their marketing of high- value crops through the use of high tunnels. High tunnels give growers the opportunity to plant earlier and include more sequential planting dates. This can result in early- season, high- dollar returns and the ability to offer their products for longer periods. High tunnels also provide environmental protection, which helps reduce blemishes and discoloration, improving visual appeal. For successful high tunnel crop production, decisions and actions before planting the first crop include choosing a structural design to meet specific needs, identifying the best site for locating the structure, initial soil preparation, and the method of construction
Sustainable Stewardship: The Heuristic-Systemic Approach to Sustainable Attitude-Behavior Gap
Although an increasing number of apparel businesses are striving to exert ecological and social influences that can change consumers’ purchasing behaviors in relation to sustainable products, consumers still feel hesitant about adopting a sustainable lifestyle. Moreover, consumers tend to engage in a complicated decision-making process due to the motivational and practical complexity of sustainable consumption. Given the growing interest among societies and in many industries, comprehending these dynamics can help improve the knowledge level of consumers, and may stipulate further applications of sustainable stewardship. Thus, this study aims (1) to test the systematic conjunction of CSR drives with attitude and sustainable behaviors; and (2) to examine the heuristic influence of eco-labels/indices from the point of vie
X-Ray Ionization of Planet-Opened Gaps in Protostellar Disks
Young planets with masses approaching Jupiter's have tides strong enough to
clear gaps around their orbits in the protostellar disk. Gas flow through the
gaps regulates the planets' further growth and governs the disks' evolution.
Magnetic forces may drive that flow if the gas is sufficiently ionized to
couple to the fields. We compute the ionizing effects of the X-rays from the
central young star, using Monte Carlo radiative transfer calculations to find
the spectrum of Compton-scattered photons reaching the planet's vicinity. The
scattered X-rays ionize the gas at rates similar to or greater than the
interstellar cosmic ray rate near planets the mass of Saturn and of Jupiter,
located at 5 au and at 10 au, in disks with the interstellar mass fraction of
sub-micron dust and with the dust depleted a factor 100. Solving a gas-grain
recombination reaction network yields charged particle populations whose
ability to carry currents is sufficient to partly couple the magnetic fields to
the gas around the planet. Most cases can undergo Hall shear instability, and
some can launch magnetocentrifugal winds. However the material on the planet's
orbit has diffusivities so large in all the cases we examine, that
magneto-rotational turbulence is prevented and the non-ideal terms govern the
magnetic field's evolution. Thus the flow of gas in the gaps opened by the
young giant planets depends crucially on the finite conductivity.Comment: 24 pages, 6 figures. Gap depths are now chosen to match recent
hydrodynamical results. Accepted for publication in Ap
The Milky Way satellite velocity function is a sharp probe of small-scale structure problems
Twenty years ago, the mismatch between the observed number of Milky Way
satellite galaxies and the predicted number of cold dark matter subhalos was
dubbed the "missing satellites problem". Although mostly framed since in terms
of satellite counts in luminosity space, the missing satellites problem was
originally posed in velocity space. The stellar velocity dispersion function
encodes information about the density profile of satellites as well as their
abundance. We compare the completeness-corrected MW satellite velocity function
down to its ultrafaint dwarfs (L > 340 L) against well-motivated,
semi-empirical predictions based on galaxy-halo scaling relations. For our most
conservative completeness correction, we find good agreement with a simple CDM
model in which massive, classical satellites (MM) have baryon-driven cores, while low-mass, ultrafaint
satellites (MM) inhabit cuspy halos that are
not strongly tidally stripped. This bifurication is required to explain a
non-power-law feature in the velocity function at km/s. Intriguingly, this feature could point to a flattening of the
stellar-mass--halo-mass relation. Tidal destruction of satellites by the Milky
Way's disk must be minimal, or the corrected velocity function exceeds any
plausible prediction -- a "too many satellites" problem. We rule out
non-core-collapsing self-interacting dark matter models with a constant cross
section 0.3 cm/g. Constraints on warm dark matter are stronger
than those based on the luminosity function on account of the velocity
function's additional sensitivity to the central densities of subhalos.
Reducing uncertainties on stellar kinematics and the amount of tidal stripping
experienced by the faintest dwarfs is key to determining the severity of the
too many satellites problem.Comment: 19 pages, 13 figures. Key results are summarized in Figure 6. To be
submitted to MNRAS. Comments welcome
A Review of Common Drug-Drug and Food-Drug Interactions Associated with Cardiovascular Medications
This home-study CPE activity has been developed to educate pharmacists on the common drug-drug and food-drug interactions associated with cardiovascular medications
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