Macroscopic Many-Qubit Interactions in Superconducting Flux Qubits

Superconducting flux qubits are considered to investigate macroscopic many-qubit interactions. Many-qubit states based on current states can be manipulated through the current-phase relation in each superconducting loop. For flux qubit systems comprised of $N$ qubit loops, a general expression of low energy Hamiltonian is presented in terms of low energy levels of qubits and macroscopic quantum tunnelings between the many-qubit states. Many-qubit interactions classified by {\em Ising type- or tunnel-}exchange interactions can be observable experimentally. Flux qubit systems can provide various artificial-spin systems to study many-body systems that cannot be found naturally.Comment: 5 pages, 1 figur

I/O Schedulers for Proportionality and Stability on Flash-Based SSDs in Multi-Tenant Environments

The use of flash based Solid State Drives (SSDs) has expanded rapidly into the cloud computing environment. In cloud computing, ensuring the service level objective (SLO) of each server is the major criterion in designing a system. In particular, eliminating performance interference among virtual machines (VMs) on shared storage is a key challenge. However, studies on SSD performance to guarantee SLO in such environments are limited. In this paper, we present analysis of I/O behavior for a shared SSD as storage in terms of proportionality and stability. We show that performance SLOs of SSD based storage systems being shared by VMs or tasks are not satisfactory. We present and analyze the reasons behind the unexpected behavior through examining the components of SSDs such as channels, DRAM buffer, and Native Command Queuing (NCQ). We introduce two novel SSD-aware host level I/O schedulers on Linux, called A & x002B;CFQ and H & x002B;BFQ, based on our analysis and findings. Through experiments on Linux, we analyze I/O proportionality and stability in multi-tenant environments. In addition, through experiments using real workloads, we analyze the performance interference between workloads on a shared SSD. We then show that the proposed I/O schedulers almost eliminate the interference effect seen in CFQ and BFQ, while still providing I/O proportionality and stability for various I/O weighted scenarios

Supply constraints on rebound effects of increased energy efficiency : negative multiplier and disinvestment effects

Policies that aim to use increased energy efficiency to reduce energy use may not achieve the desired results due to the likelihood of rebound effects. Research from our current ESRC-funded project on this topic was presented in an article in the last issue of Fraser Economic Commentary titled, ‘Energy Efficiency and the rebound effect’ (Turner, 2009a). As explained there, the rebound effect occurs when an energy efficiency improvement causes a decrease in the effective or implicit price of energy as an input to production (or consumption) – i.e. the cost of energy required per unit of activity falls as efficiency improves.1 Moreover, if there is local production/distribution of energy (or energy services) the reduction in demand for energy as efficiency improves will put downward pressure on the actual (local) energy price

Identity crisis of Jordanian BMB (believer from Muslim background) women at the beginning phase of new faith

https://place.asburyseminary.edu/ecommonsatsdissertations/1622/thumbnail.jp

IMPACT OF HEALTH INFORMATION ON DEMAND FOR FATS AND OILS IN JAPAN: COINTEGRATION AND A COMPLETE DEMAND SYSTEM APPROACH

This paper deals with the structural change for fats and oils in Japan focusing on the possible influence of health information. The newly developed fat and cholesterol information index appears to reflect the changing health information on fat and cholesterol much better than the ad-hoc cumulative index.Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety,

The Aesthetic Values of Transparency in Modern Fashion - Focused on the Transparency Theory

This study considers not only expressive methods of transparency in modern fashion based on the transparency theory but also analysis of characteristics in the transparency

Generation of oxygen microbubbles in a microchannel with crosscurrent liquid flow

An alternative way of blood oxygenation is proposed by introducing small bubbles directly into the blood stream. To be used for blood oxygenation, the bubble should be small enough to pass through the capillary beds. To explore the feasibility of producing small bubbles, bubble formation phenomena in a crosscurrent liquid flow in a silicon microchannel were studied. Small orifices with 4 μm, 4.2 μm, and 6.6 μm hydraulic diameter were machined in a direction perpendicular to a trapezoidal channel that has a hydraulic diameter of 42 micrometers. These orifices were connected to three different chambers of 2.5 × 10−7 cm3, 5 × 10 −7 cm3, and 10 × 10−7cm3 in volume. The glass plate was anodically bonded to the silicon. Water and oxygen were supplied to the channel and orifice through the chamber, respectively. Between the liquid flow rate of 1 to 3 ml/hr and gas flow rate of 0.036 to 0.072 ml/hr very uniform bubbles, sizes of about 45 micrometer in diameter, were produced from the orifice with smallest chamber volume. In these ranges, the regression model shows that the bubble size has a weak relation to the gas and liquid flow rate. As the chamber volume gets bigger, the bubble sizes are increased and eventually become non-uniform. From the experimental results, it is concluded that the chamber volume plays a significant role in determining bubble size. A mathematical model of appropriate phenomena was validated by comparison to experimental data. The data and the validated model suggest a simpler design and model. This model, with no chamber volume suggests that the bubble size can be decreased further if the orifice and crosscurrent liquid flow channel diameter can be decreased without causing pressure increase in the channel. This model predicts it is possible to produce bubbles of 16 micrometer in diameter at a rate of about 10,000 Hertz