A Critical study on relation between public and private ownership using DEA model in Korean electricity generation Industry

Thesis(Master) --KDI School:Master of Development Policy,2013masterpublishedKiwook Kim

Single-Cell Phosphoproteomics Resolves Adaptive Signaling Dynamics and Informs Targeted Combination Therapy in Glioblastoma

Intratumoral heterogeneity of signaling networks may contribute to targeted cancer therapy resistance, including in the highly lethal brain cancer glioblastoma (GBM). We performed single-cell phosphoproteomics on a patient-derived in vivo GBM model of mTOR kinase inhibitor resistance and coupled it to an analytical approach for detecting changes in signaling coordination. Alterations in the protein signaling coordination were resolved as early as 2.5 days after treatment, anticipating drug resistance long before it was clinically manifest. Combination therapies were identified that resulted in complete and sustained tumor suppression in vivo. This approach may identify actionable alterations in signal coordination that underlie adaptive resistance, which can be suppressed through combination drug therapy, including non-obvious drug combinations

A study of the economic structure and change in the Texas Triangle

textAs global economic competition has intensified, many countries have begun focusing on the competitiveness of larger regions of city networks called megaregions. Consisting of two or more cities with specific linkages and connections, megaregions are becoming a new unit that researchers are using to analyze the global economy. The world’s 40 largest megaregions produce two thirds of the global economic output and more than eighty percent of the world’s innovations (Florida et al., 2007). Therefore, understanding the economic characteristics of megaregions can help isolate various challenges and opportunities associated with building on inter-relationships that enhance competitiveness. The Texas Triangle is one of 10 major megaregions in the U.S., and it functions as the primary economic engine of the Texas economy. This study analyzes how the economic characteristics of the major metropolitan areas in the Texas Triangle have changed over time by studying the basic dynamics of these metropolitan areas over the last decade. Results from this study show that each metropolitan area contains specialized export industries and that competition among them seems to be encouraging the economic growth of Texas. The basic industrial structure of the Texas Triangle has not been affected significantly by economic changes over the last decade. Finally, this report presents policy implications related to strengthening traditional economic bases and promoting sustainable economic development such as clean energy in the Texas Triangle.Community and Regional Plannin

Inferring Kinetic Model for Regulating EGFR Dimerization via the Single-Molecule and the Ensemble Assay

EGFR, dimerization rate, single-molecule tracking, state fractionThe interaction of membrane proteins can activate downstream signaling pathways which can induce cellular processes. However, over-expression of the proteins, which can induce continuous activation of these processes, can be a cause of diseases. Therefore, the relational equation between the interaction dynamics and expression level of membrane proteins is essential for understanding this molecular mechanism. According to this importance, we tried to propose an analytical model to describe the dimerization of EGFR which is known as the diagnostic marker of cancer cells. In this paper, we utilized single-molecule tracking (SMT) to directly monitor the real-time diffusivity of EGFR and analyzed the trajectories using hidden Markov model (HMM) analysis to obtain the kinetic information of state transitions. However, for inferring the dimerization of EGFR, it was necessary to consider the molecular events including generation and internalization occurred in the cellular environment. To obtain additional quantitative information, we measured the monomeric and dimeric fractions of EGFR through western immunoblotting. Therefore, we proposed and validated a non-equilibrium steady state model of EGFR using these two measurements.본 논문에서는 살아있는 세포에서 막단백질의 발현량과 그들의 이량체화를 조절하는 요인들 사이의 상관관계를 운동학적 관점에서 설명한다. 막단백질의 상호작용은 자가인산화를 통한 신호 전달을 개시함으로써 생존 및 사멸을 포함한 세포 과정에 관여한다. 하지만 특정 막단백질의 과발현은 이러한 세포 과정을 과도하게 유도하여 다양한 질병의 원인이 된다. 이러한 이유로 막단백질의 발현량과 상호작용 사이의 관계를 규명하는 것은 매우 중요하다. 따라서 우리는 암세포의 진단 마커로 알려진 표피 성장 인자 수용체 (EGFR)의 운동학적 모델을 제시하는 것을 목표로 하였다. 우리는 발현량에 따라 나타나는 EGFR의 결합율과 해리율을 분석하기 위해 이들을 실시간으로 직접 관찰할 수 있는 단일 입자 추적을 활용하였다. 하지만 EGFR의 운동학적 모델을 제시하기 위해서, 세포막을 중심으로 한 막단백질의 생성 및 소멸의 고려가 필요했다. 추가적인 정량적 정보를 획득하기 위해서 EGFR의 상태 분율 정보를 위한 웨스턴 블롯을 활용하였다. 우리는 이 두 가지 결과를 결합하여 관찰하기 어려운 생성 및 소멸을 운동학적 모델을 통해 설명하였다. 이 결과는 EGFR의 활동 양상이 비평형 정상 상태로 설명 가능함을 시사한다.Ⅰ. Introduction 1 Ⅱ. Materials & Experimental methods 4 Ⅲ. Results 12 1 Perform control experiments for verifying specific labeling of QD 12 2 The intensity of GFP represents the expression level of EGFR 15 3 External factors affect the diffusivity of observed particles 17 4 Compare the intensity of GFP measured with the different imaging techniques 20 5 The machine learning technique, HMM prediction can provide state information about EGFR 22 6 Single-molecule assay reveals association/dissociation kinetics of EGFR 24 7 The simple equilibrium model is not sufficient to explain the expression level dependent state fractions 28 8 Dimerization of EGFR can be explained by non-equilibrium steady state 30 Ⅳ. Conclusion & Discussion 35 References 37 요약문 40MasterdCollectio

Efficient Nitrogen Removal of Reject Water Generated from Anaerobic Digester Treating Sewage Sludge and Livestock Manure by Combining Anammox and Autotrophic Sulfur Denitrification Processes

The reject water from anaerobic digestion with high (Total Nitrogen) TN concentration was treated by a demonstration plant combining the anammox process and SOD (SOD®; Sulfur Oxidation Denitrification) process. The anaerobic digestion was a co-digestion of livestock wastewater, food waste water, and sewage sludge so that the TN concentration and conductivity of the reject water were very high. This anammox plant was the first anammox demonstration plant in South Korea. The maximum TN removal efficiency of 80% was achieved for the anammox reactor under nitrogen loading rate (NLR) of 0.45 kg-N/m3·d. As a result of decreasing the dilution of the reject water, the influent conductivity and NLR values were increased to 7.8 mS/cm and 0.7 kg/m3·d, causing a rapid decrease in the TN removal efficiency. The sludge concentration from the hydro-cyclone overflow was about 40 mg-MLVSS/L in which small sized anammox granules were detected. It was proven that the increase in (Mixed Liquor Volatile Suspended Solids) MLVSS concentration in the anammox reactor was not easy under high influent conductivity and NLR. 97% of NO2−-N+NO3−-N generated from the anammox process could be treated successfully by the SOD reactor. A TN removal efficiency of 35% under poor annamox treatment could increase to 67% by applying the SOD reactor post treatment for the removal of NO3−-N. The dominant anammox bacteria in the anammox reactor was identified as Brocadia fulgida and 9.3% (genus level) of the bacteria out of the total bacteria were anammox bacteria

QoS Translation and Admission Control for MPEG Video

In this paper we present an integrated view of translation and admission control relations for MPEG video streams between a multimedia distributed application such as video-on-demand, and its underlying system resource, CPU. Both services are presented as core services of our Quality of Service (QoS) communication model. This communication model is analyzed for different MPEG grouping schemes and communication paradigms. We show under these schemes and paradigms the translation and admission control implications for deterministic QoS specification which must be considered in any MPEG-based multimedia system. Keywords QoS translation, Admission Control, MPEG video, Quality of service 1 INTRODUCTION Communication model for quality-of-service(QoS) guarantees has been proposed to ensure the guaranteed service video servers and clients need [2]. The service user sends the QoS specification to the service provider. The service provider translates the overall, higher-level QoS specificatio..

Methodology for Finding Maximum Performance and Improvement Possibility of Rule-Based Control for Parallel Type-2 Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) require supervisory controllers to distribute the propulsion power from sources like an engine and motors. Control concepts based on optimal control theories such as dynamic programming (DP) and Pontryagin’s minimum principle (PMP) have been studied to maximize fuel efficiencies. These concepts are, however, not practical for real-world applications because they guarantee optimality only if future driving information is given prior to the actual driving. Instead, heuristic rule-based control concepts are widely used in real-world applications. Those concepts are not only simple enough to be designed based on existing vehicle control concepts, but also allow developers to easily intervene in the control to enhance other vital aspects of real-world vehicle performances, such as safety and drivability. In this study, a rule-based control for parallel type-2 HEVs is developed based on representative control concepts of real-world HEVs, and optimal control parameters are determined by optimization processes. The performance of the optimized rule-based control is evaluated by comparing it with the optimal results obtained by PMP, and it shows that the rule-based concepts can achieve high fuel efficiencies, which are close, typically within 4%, to the maximum values obtained by PMP

Dropwise condensation induced on chromium ion implanted aluminum surface

Aluminum substrates are irradiated with chromium ions and the steam condensation heat transfer performance on these surfaces is examined. Filmwise condensation is induced on the surface of aluminum specimens irradiated with chromium ion dose of less than 1016 ions/cm2 while dropwise condensation occurs on the specimens irradiated with chromium ion dose of 5 × 1016 ions/cm2 in the range of ion energy from 70 to 100 keV. The heat transfer coefficient of the surfaces on which dropwise condensation occurs appeared to be approximately twice as much as the prediction by Nusselt’s film theory. In a durability test, dropwise condensation lasts over six months and the heat transfer coefficient is also maintained. Keywords: Dropwise condensation, Filmwise condensation, Chromium, Ion implantation, Durabilit

High-Resolution Intaglio Transfer Printing of Silver Nanowires for Wearable Electrophysiological Sensors

Silver nanowires (NWs) are promising materials for flexible electronics, such as electronic skins due to their excellent electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties. Achieving precise patterning of Ag NWs is essential for the successful integration and miniaturization of the electronic device system, but the high aspect ratio (AR) of NWs and the high porosity of NW networks pose challenges in forming high-resolution patterns. Herein, the intaglio transfer printing technique to create high-resolution patterning of ultralong Ag NWs (AR approximate to 1000) is presented. During the pattern formation process, the external force becomes concentrated specifically at the edge of the intaglio trench, resulting in the breaking of the entangled Ag NW network in the corresponding region. This simple yet effective technique enables precise high-resolution (minimum line width: 7 mu m) and complicated Ag NW patterns on flexible substrates. The patterned Ag NWs are conformally attached to the various curvilinear surfaces and show high mechanical stability under continuous bending conditions. Wearable electrophysiological sensors are demonstrated to monitor electromyography and electrocardiogram signals in real-time for continuous healthcare monitoring. This patterning strategy offers an effective approach for achieving high-resolution patterns of highly anisotropic nanomaterials and highlights the potential of patterned Ag NWs in wearable electronics. Intaglio transfer printing techniques enable high-resolution patterning of high-aspect-ratio Ag NWs (approximate to 1000). The fracture of the Ag NW network at the edges results in precise patterns down to 7 mu m width. The patterned Ag NWs exhibit great potential for healthcare monitoring, as demonstrated by real-time measurement of EMG and ECG signals.imag

Customer Complaints Analysis Using Text Mining and Outcome-Driven Innovation Method for Market-Oriented Product Development

The rapid increase in the quantity of customer data has promoted the necessity to analyse these data. Recent progress in text mining has enabled analysis of unstructured text data such as customer suggestions, customer complaints and customer feedback. Much research has been attempted to use insights gained from text mining to identify customer needs to guide development of market-oriented products. However, the previous research has a drawback that identifies limited customer needs based on product features. To overcome the limitation, this paper presents application of text mining analysis of customer complaints to identify customers’ true needs by using the Outcome-Driven Innovation (ODI) method. This paper provides a method to analyse customer complaints by using the concept of job. The ODI-based analysis contributes to identification of customer latent needs during the pre-execution and post-execution steps of product use by customers that previous methods cannot discover. To explain how the proposed method can identify customer requirements, we present a case study of stand-type air conditioners. The analysis identified two needs that experts had not identified but regarded as important. This research helps to identify requirements of all the points at which customers want to obtain help from the product