Economic literacy: A study on tradespeople

In the study, the economic literacy level was measured over the tradesmen in Gaziantep, and it was found, that the economic literacy level of the tradesmen was high. In the difference tests, economic literacy level was found to be higher in tradesmen with relatively high education levels, in business owners compared to employees. There wasn't a difference according to gender. Tradesmen with high economic literacy levels have the power to affect micro and macroeconomic indicators in the medium and long term. Policymakers should consider this in their decision that may directly/indirectly affect the craftsman class and should be supported to increase their knowledge level

Is ecological footprint related to foreign trade? Evidence from the top ten fastest developing countries in the global economy

An ecological footprint (EF) refers to the resources that are used by the people or production companies in an area for commerce, which includes the production of food, water resources, and housing; however, it also in-cludes foreign trade of the products produced. The present study aims to examine how foreign trade affects EF and recommend specific new policies or revisions to policies to reduce EF. EF is used as an environmental in-dicator in the present study. The top 10 fastest developing countries (Argentina, Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, Mexico, Poland, South Africa, South Korea, and Turkey) comprised the study sample. The analyses were con-ducted using annual data for the period of 1990-2018; export and import data were taken as foreign trade variables, and their relationship with EF was tested through two different models. Renewable energy con-sumption (REC) and national income were modeled as control variables, and second-generation panel data analysis techniques were used. When the Durbin-Hausman cointegration test was applied, the data indicated a strong correlation between foreign trade and EF. According to the Common Correlated Effects (CCE) coefficient estimator, there was an inverse relationship between exports and REC and EF and a positive relationship with economic growth. When the Augmented Mean Group (AMG) coefficient estimator was applied, an inverse cor-relation was indicated among exports, imports, REC, and EF. Based on the findings of the analyses, it can be argued that policymakers and market players should manage foreign trade and environmental policies in a harmonized manner, and long-term planning should be shaped around these test results

Stock Market Response to Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic

Since the first day of its emergence, the novel type of coronavirus (COVID-19) has affected many areas of life. The economic and financial effects of the virus were as devastating as the damage it caused to human health. Accordingly, the aim of this study is to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on selected stock markets. Panel Data Analysis with structural breaks was used to identify the relationship between new case/death numbers and stock market indices. According to the results ofthe Westerlund-Edgerton Cointegration test, a break was observed in each of the stock markets included in the sample. As the break dates caused either positive or negative results in different countries, the prospects for the reasons for breaks formed either positively or negatively. The results of the analyses reveal that a significant worldwide health problem does not only affect social life and real economy, but it also causes decrease in prices in financial markets. Therefore, it may be considered by countries to take early financial measures andform some funds for pandemics. Investors may also allocate a specific portion of their portfolios to safe harbors such as gold and exchanges in this kind of panics

The Cointegration and Causality Relationship between Bitcoin Prices and Borsa Istanbul Index

Changes in digital money prices, also called crypto money, have attracted investor's interest in recent years. Investors who want to gain returns from rapid price changes have turned to digital currencies, which is a new asset. In this direction, the possibility of being an alternative to the traditional securities of digital money has begun to be discussed. In the study, it was aimed to determine the cointegration and causality relation between Bitcoin prices and Borsa Istanbul. In this context, Engle-Granger and Gregory-Hansen cointegration tests and Toda-Yamamoto and Hacker-Hatemi-J causality tests were used. Findings show that there is no cointegration relationship between the Bitcoin prices and Borsa Istanbul index value in the medium and long run according to both cointegration tests; just Toda-Yamamoto causality test shows that there is a one-way causality relationship from Borsa Istanbul to the Bitcoin prices

The Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Turkish Society

Karakulle, Havva Sule/0000-0003-1978-9518WOS:000575918600008Pandemics leave significant marks on the memories of societies with their permanent impacts. Going beyond a cause of disease or death, they can have consequences in many aspects, psychological, social and economic ones being in the first place. The Covid-19 outbreak, which first emerged in China and has spread to the whole world as of the first months of 2020, has the potential to constitute a breaking the course of history, as well. Turkey is located on the transit point between Asia and Europe with its geographical position, and thus, received its share from the outbreak of Covid-19, which spreads through social contact. The first official case was recorded on 11 March 2020, and then the virus spread rapidly. This study aims to assess the attitude of the public towards Covid19 at times when the impact of the disease reached maximum. To this end, data were collected from 1586 people with different socio-demographic features through Covid-19 Pandemic Community Scale. The impact of the pandemic on the society was measured in three dimensions as Sensitivity to Pandemic, Protection against Pandemic and Social Trust. The research results showed that the people had high levels of sensitivity to the pandemic, exerted the maximum effort for protection and social trust was above the average although it fell behind the other dimensions. As a consequence, it can be concluded that Covid-19 has had a significant impact on the Turkish people