カタルシス ノ カンテン カラ ミタ セン ト チヒロ ノ カミ カクシ ニツイテ ノ イチ コウサツ

カタルシスは，セラピーとして心のしこりが話されることによってもたらされるだけでなく，悲劇などの観劇に際しても起こる心の浄化・排泄作用でもあるので，カタルシスがテーマとなっている物語として「千と千尋の神隠し」を取り上げ，主人公を事例としてとらえ，分析した。そして，物語全体をトラウマによる解離状態の中での夢（幻想）の体験としてとらえると，そこで無意識への退行が起こり，その中でのトラウマの記憶の想起がカタルシスをもたらし，解離からの回復にもつながったとみることができた。このプロセスは，フロイトの夢の理論や対象関係論の諸概念，またユング心理学の補償や個性化過程の考え方を適用することで心理的な現実についてのいっそう整合性のある解釈に結びつき，セラピーにおけるカタルシスやそのプロセスについての臨床的な意味を理解することにも貢献すると思われた

Verification of Rorschach Indicators of Sexual Abuse

We attempted to find Rorschach indicators of sexual abuse. In the present study, we investigated the propriety of 4 indicators that we reported in 2001 and more precise indicators of sexual abuse through statistical analysis of Rorschach records of 108 female psychiatric patients with a history of sexual abuse and 48 female psychiatric patients without it. We defined the sex locations on the Rorschach cards and took notice of the particular responses for them. Eighty-two of the 108 (76%) sexually abused patients and 1 of the 48 (2%) non-abused patients gave the sex response, inanimate movement response (m) or m tendency for the sex locations. Aggression and hostile responses were scored by Müstein’s Rorschach hostility scale; the scores for the abused was 19.99 ± 15.96 and for the non-abused, 12.37 ± 8.57. Number of form-color (FC) response equal to or lower than the total of color-form (CF) response and pure color (C) response (FC ≤ CF + C) was shown in 95 of the 108 (88%) abused and 30 of the 48 (63%) non-abused. Among these 3 items, the differences between the 2 groups were remarkably significant (P < 0.001). It becomes obvious that the 3 indicators as shown below are valid for finding sexual abuse histories for differential diagnosis: i) a host of aggression and hostile content; ii) loss of control in color responses, for example FC ≤ CF + C; and iii) the sex responses, m or m tendency for sex locations

C9orf72由来のプロリン : アルギニンポリペプチドは細胞骨格とメカニカルストレス応答を制御する

Proline:arginine (PR) poly-dipeptides from the GGGGCC repeat expansion in C9orf72 have cytotoxicity and bind intermediate filaments (IFs). However, it remains unknown how PR poly-dipeptides affect cytoskeletal organization and focal adhesion (FA) formation. Here, we show that changes to the cytoskeleton and FA by PR poly-dipeptides result in the alteration of cell stiffness and mechanical stress response. PR poly-dipeptides increased the junctions and branches of the IF network and increased cell stiffness. They also changed the distribution of actin filaments and increased the size of FA and intracellular calcium concentration. PR poly-dipeptides or an inhibitor of IF organization prevented cell detachment. Furthermore, PR poly-dipeptides induced upregulation of mechanical stress response factors and led to a maladaptive response to cyclic stretch. These results suggest that the effects of PR poly-dipeptides on mechanical properties and mechanical stress response may serve as a pathogenesis of C9orf72-related neurodegeneration.博士（医学）・甲第846号・令和4年9月28日Copyright © 2022 Shiota, Nagata, Kikuchi, Nanaura, Matsubayashi, Nakanishi,Kobashigawa, Isozumi, Kiriyama, Nagayama, Sugie, Yamashiro and Mori. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms

The whole blood transcriptional regulation landscape in 465 COVID-19 infected samples from Japan COVID-19 Task Force

「コロナ制圧タスクフォース」COVID-19患者由来の血液細胞における遺伝子発現の網羅的解析 --重症度に応じた遺伝子発現の変化には、ヒトゲノム配列の個人差が影響する--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2022-08-23.Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a recently-emerged infectious disease that has caused millions of deaths, where comprehensive understanding of disease mechanisms is still unestablished. In particular, studies of gene expression dynamics and regulation landscape in COVID-19 infected individuals are limited. Here, we report on a thorough analysis of whole blood RNA-seq data from 465 genotyped samples from the Japan COVID-19 Task Force, including 359 severe and 106 non-severe COVID-19 cases. We discover 1169 putative causal expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) including 34 possible colocalizations with biobank fine-mapping results of hematopoietic traits in a Japanese population, 1549 putative causal splice QTLs (sQTLs; e.g. two independent sQTLs at TOR1AIP1), as well as biologically interpretable trans-eQTL examples (e.g., REST and STING1), all fine-mapped at single variant resolution. We perform differential gene expression analysis to elucidate 198 genes with increased expression in severe COVID-19 cases and enriched for innate immune-related functions. Finally, we evaluate the limited but non-zero effect of COVID-19 phenotype on eQTL discovery, and highlight the presence of COVID-19 severity-interaction eQTLs (ieQTLs; e.g., CLEC4C and MYBL2). Our study provides a comprehensive catalog of whole blood regulatory variants in Japanese, as well as a reference for transcriptional landscapes in response to COVID-19 infection

DOCK2 is involved in the host genetics and biology of severe COVID-19

「コロナ制圧タスクフォース」COVID-19疾患感受性遺伝子DOCK2の重症化機序を解明 --アジア最大のバイオレポジトリーでCOVID-19の治療標的を発見--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2022-08-10.Identifying the host genetic factors underlying severe COVID-19 is an emerging challenge. Here we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) involving 2, 393 cases of COVID-19 in a cohort of Japanese individuals collected during the initial waves of the pandemic, with 3, 289 unaffected controls. We identified a variant on chromosome 5 at 5q35 (rs60200309-A), close to the dedicator of cytokinesis 2 gene (DOCK2), which was associated with severe COVID-19 in patients less than 65 years of age. This risk allele was prevalent in East Asian individuals but rare in Europeans, highlighting the value of genome-wide association studies in non-European populations. RNA-sequencing analysis of 473 bulk peripheral blood samples identified decreased expression of DOCK2 associated with the risk allele in these younger patients. DOCK2 expression was suppressed in patients with severe cases of COVID-19. Single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis (n = 61 individuals) identified cell-type-specific downregulation of DOCK2 and a COVID-19-specific decreasing effect of the risk allele on DOCK2 expression in non-classical monocytes. Immunohistochemistry of lung specimens from patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia showed suppressed DOCK2 expression. Moreover, inhibition of DOCK2 function with CPYPP increased the severity of pneumonia in a Syrian hamster model of SARS-CoV-2 infection, characterized by weight loss, lung oedema, enhanced viral loads, impaired macrophage recruitment and dysregulated type I interferon responses. We conclude that DOCK2 has an important role in the host immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and the development of severe COVID-19, and could be further explored as a potential biomarker and/or therapeutic target

Clinical Psychology Act in the Medical Services : From the Viewpoint of The subject of Act

Ⅰ間題と目的 Ⅱ医療と臨床心理行為 1医療の行為について 2臨床心理行為について 3臨床心理行為が人に害を与える可能性 Ⅲ総合考察 1臨床心理行為と医行為の関係 2医療サービスの中の臨床心理行為 Ⅳ結 論In this article, the author compares the clinical psychology act with some medical performances from the viewpoint of the subject of the act. It can be theoretically proved that clinical psychology act is different from medical act because it does not harm the human body, and the subject of treatment doesn\u27t shift from patient to the expert. However, clinical psychology act might be secondarily harmful to the human mind, in case it is done without psychological competence. Clinical psychology act can be divided from medical act and can be performed in the medical services by the request from the psychiatrist (physician) . The fundamental feature of clinical psychology act is to support the subject of patient. Therefore, three points should be taken into consideration in medical services; (1) assurance of neutral position that is free from the relations such as directions or orders by the authority, (2) assurance of mutual and equal relations with patients, and (3) assurance of the function of supporting the subject of client besides treatment