The Grizzly, April 13, 2023

Photo Essay: Spring Has Sprung! • Escape Velocity: Avenge [ance] in the Air • Ursinus Installs New Sustainable Rain Garden • GSA: Creating a Safe Space on Campus • Senior Honors Projects • Opinions: What Renovations Do You Want to See in Lower Wismer? • Playing Ball Like a Girl • Raising the Bar : Ursinus College Women\u27s Lacrosse Teamhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/2012/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, April 20, 2023

Images of Spring Fever • New Photo Editor for Next Year! • Bears Helping Bears: UCREW\u27s No-Shame Pledge • One Last Letter From Our Editor • Meet Layla M. Halterman, EIC • Farewell for the Summer • Good Luck to Our Graduating Senior Editors • Opinions: That\u27s All, Folks!; No Crew Team? Why? • That\u27s the Game! • Let Them Place Bets • Ursinus Baseball: Stealing the Oddshttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/2013/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, March 23, 2023

Digital Spark Ignites Local Businesses • Advancement Office Stresses Importance of Student Giving • Are You Smarter Than a Freshman CIE Student? • Ná Bris Na Rútaí • The Comeback of the Pi Chi Poodles • Opinions: Housing Selection Difficulties; Printing Woes at Ursinus • Connor Huth: The Senior Walk-On Who Defied the Odds • Darby Rogers on a Winning Streakhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/2009/thumbnail.jp

The r package divDyn for quantifying diversity dynamics using fossil sampling data

Unbiased time series of diversity dynamics are vital for quantifying the grand history of life. Applications include identifying ancient mass extinctions and inferring both biotic and abiotic controls on diversification rates. We introduce divDyn, a new r package that facilitates the calculation of taxonomic richness, extinction and origination rates from time-binned fossil data. State-of-the-art counting protocols, and sampling standardization functions permit the reconstruction of biologically meaningful time series. Additional functions permit the partitioning of turnover rates by environmental affinity. Using divDyn, we display Phanerozoic-scale diversity dynamics of marine invertebrates. With the help of the core function and standard subsampling options, we revisit the hypothesis of declining taxonomic rates over time, mass extinctions and equilibrial diversity dynamics and assess their methodological dependency. Our results suggest that rates declined only over the early Phanerozoic, only three mass extinctions stand out clearly, and evidence of equilibrial dynamics is dependent on the used methods. The modular and fast implementation of published methods ensures traceability, reproducibility and comparability of future studies

The Geological Record of Ocean Acidification: Supporting Online Material

Ocean acidification may have severe consequences for marine ecosystems; however, assessing its future impact is difficult because laboratory experiments and field observations are limited by their reduced ecologic complexity and sample period, respectively. In contrast, the geological record contains long-term evidence for a variety of global environmental perturbations, including ocean acidification plus their associated biotic responses. We review events exhibiting evidence for elevated atmospheric CO2, global warming, and ocean acidification over the past ~300 million years of Earth's history, some with contemporaneous extinction or evolutionary turnover among marine calcifiers. Although similarities exist, no past event perfectly parallels future projections in terms of disrupting the balance of ocean carbonate chemistry—a consequence of the unprecedented rapidity of CO2 release currently taking place

The Geological Record of Ocean Acidification: Carbonate Chemistry Tutorial

Ocean acidification may have severe consequences for marine ecosystems; however, assessing its future impact is difficult because laboratory experiments and field observations are limited by their reduced ecologic complexity and sample period, respectively. In contrast, the geological record contains long-term evidence for a variety of global environmental perturbations, including ocean acidification plus their associated biotic responses. We review events exhibiting evidence for elevated atmospheric CO2, global warming, and ocean acidification over the past ~300 million years of Earth's history, some with contemporaneous extinction or evolutionary turnover among marine calcifiers. Although similarities exist, no past event perfectly parallels future projections in terms of disrupting the balance of ocean carbonate chemistry—a consequence of the unprecedented rapidity of CO2 release currently taking place