The Relationship of Procrastination and Self-efficacy with Psychological Vulnerability in Students

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to determine of relationship of procrastination and self-efficacy with psychological vulnerability in students. The research sample consisted of 708 who were selected from among students of Islamic Azad University Ardabil Branch through the cluster random sampling method. To collect the data, Brief Psychological Symptoms Inventory, Procrastination Scale and Self-efficacy Scale were use. Data was analysed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analyses. The results showed that procrastination and self-efficacy are related to psychological vulnerability in students. The result of multiple regressions showed that procrastination and self-efficacy explained 40 percent of variance of psychological vulnerability in students. Results are support form role of these procrastination and self-efficacy in students. The results have important implications about prevention and counselling of students in the university

Comparing the effect of psychodrama with parental behavior management skills training on social adjustment, anger and aggression of preschool children

Background: Today, education and training are associated with deep, broad, and meaningful concepts which approached to serve humanity. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of psychodrama with training parenting behavior management skills on social adjustment, anger, and aggression in preschool children. Methods: The research method was experimental with a pre-test and post-test design and a control group. The statistical population included all preschool students of Tehran-Iran (District 9) during 2020. The samples were selected through cluster sampling (n=45) and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (n=15 each). Participants were measured through Dokhanchi social adjustment questionnaires and Anger and Aggression-Novako scale. Parental behavior management skills training programs are administered in six sessions 90 minutes for parents and psychodrama included ten 45-minute sessions for children. The control group did not receive any intervention during the study. The results were analyzed using an analysis of covariance. SPSS version 24 was used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that the social adjustment of children in the psychodrama and the parental behavior management groups increased comparing the control group (P=0.001). Psychodrama reduced all three components of aggressive behavior, thinking, and feeling (P =0.001). The components of anger and aggression in parental behavior management have reduced significantly comparing the control group (P=0.001). Also, parental behavior management program effectiveness was significantly higher than psychodrama (P<0.05). Conclusion: The study results showed that the effect of parental management skills on reducing anger-aggression and increasing social adjustment was higher than psychodrama

The Prediction of Family Functions in Women with Premenstrual Syndrome based on Anger and Fatigue

Premenstrual syndrome is one of the commonest disorders among women with premenstrual period. The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship of anger and fatigue with family functions among women with premenstrual syndrome. The research sample consisted of 120 women who were selected among women with premenstrual syndrome in Ardabil, Iran. To collect the data, State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2, Fatigue Scale, Family Assessment Scale, and Daily Symptom Rating Form were used. The results showed that anger and fatigue are significantly related to family functions in women. The results of multiple regression showed that anger and fatigue explained 42 percent of variance family functions of women. Also results support the role of anger and fatigue on family functions. The results have important implications about prevention and counseling in women with premenstrual syndrome. The findings indicate that clinicians should use psychological trainings to cope with the consequences and symptoms of premenstrual syndrome

The Relationship of Self-Efficacy, Sensation Seeking and Coping Sterategies with Aptitude of Substance Use in University Students

Introduction: The purpose of the research was to determine relationship of coping sterategies, self-efficacy and sensation seeking with aptitude of substance use in the students. Method: The population of the study included students of Islamic Azad University Ardabil Branch. The research sample consisted of 313 students who were studying in Islamic Azad University Ardabil Branch. To collect the data Coping Sterategies scale, Sensation Seeking scale, Self-Efficacy inventory and Substance Use Aptitude scale were used. Data was analyzed using of Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analyses. Findings: The result of Pearson correlation coefficients showed that self-efficacy, sensation seeking, emotin coping sterategies and problem solving coping sterategies related to aptitude substance use in students. The results of multiple regression analysis showed that self-efficacy, sensation seeking and coping sterategies explained 43 percent of variance of aptitude of substance use in students. Conclusion: The results indicated that self-efficacy, sensation seeking and coping sterategies are significant predictors in predicting of aptitude of substance use in adolescents. Clinicians can be used these results for prevention of substance abuse by training of effective coping strategies and promotion of self efficacy

Temperament and Character Dimensions in Narcotics Addicts and Normal people

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the temperament and character dimensions in narcotics addicted and normal persons. Method: The method of research was causative-comparative. The study sample consisted of 120 addicts and non addicts who had referred to 3 narcotics addicts treatment centers in Ardabil city. The subjects were selected through simple random sampling. To collect data, temperament/character inventory were used. Findings: The results showed that novelty seeking and harm avoidance in addicts is significantly greater than normal persons. Also, results showed that reward dependence, self-directedness, and cooperativeness in narcotics addicts is significantly lower than normal persons. Conclusion: The results show that temperament and character dimensions determine the addiction intensity in addicted people

Evaluating the bio-removal of crude oil by vetiver grass (<i>Vetiveria zizanioides</i> L.) in interaction with bacterial consortium exposed to contaminated artificial soils

Remediation of crude oil-impacted areas is a major pervasive concern in various environmental conditions. The major aim of this study was to investigate the collaboration of vetiver grass (Vetiveria zizanioides L.) and petroleum hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria to clean up contaminated soils. Vetiver grass and five native bacterial isolates were used in one consortium to remediate contaminated soil by crude oil at various concentrations (2.0, 4.0, 6.0 8.0, 10, and 12.0% woil/wsoil). The presence of isolated bacteria caused a significant (p < 0.05) increment of root-shoot ratio of vetiver in contaminated soils in comparison to non-contaminated soil. The combination of vetiver and bacterial consortium revealed efficient dissipation of more than 30% of low-molecular-weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and more than 50% of high-molecular-weight PAHs in all crude oil concentrations. The removal of n-alkanes in the simultaneous presence of the bacteria and plant was more than 70.0% at 10.0% of oil concentration, whereas the removals in control were 20.7, 13.7 and 9.2%, respectively. The hydrocarbons dissipation efficiency of applied treatments decreased at 12.0% of contamination. It is concluded that a combination of vetiver grass and the isolated bacteria could be a feasible strategy for remediation of crude oil-polluted soils

Effect of NaCl and EDDS on Heavy Metal Accumulation in Kosteletzkya pentacarpos in Polymetallic Polluted Soil

The ability of plants to accumulate heavy metals is a crucial factor in phytoremediation. This study investigated the effect of NaCl and S,S-ethylenediaminesuccinic acid (EDDS) on heavy metal accumulation in Kosteletzkya pentacarpos in soil polluted with arsenic, cadmium, lead, and zinc. The addition of NaCl reduced the bioavailability of arsenic and cadmium, while EDDS increased the bioavailability of arsenic and zinc. The toxicity of the polymetallic pollutants inhibited plant growth and reproduction, but NaCl and EDDS had no significant positive effects. NaCl reduced the accumulation of all heavy metals in the roots, except for arsenic. In contrast, EDDS increased the accumulation of all heavy metals. NaCl reduced the accumulation of arsenic in both the main stem (MS) and lateral branch (LB), along with a decrease in cadmium in the leaves of the main stem (LMS) and zinc in the leaves of the lateral branch (LLB). Conversely, EDDS increased the accumulation of all four heavy metals in the LB, along with an increase in arsenic and cadmium in the LMS and LLB. Salinity significantly decreased the bioaccumulation factor (BF) of all four heavy metals, while EDDS significantly increased it. NaCl had different effects on heavy metals in terms of the translocation factor (TFc), increasing it for cadmium and decreasing it for arsenic and lead, with or without EDDS. EDDS reduced the accumulation of all heavy metals, except for zinc, in the presence of NaCl in polluted soil. The polymetallic pollutants also modified the cell wall constituents. NaCl increased the cellulose content in the MS and LB, whereas EDDS had little impact. In conclusion, salinity and EDDS have different effects on heavy metal bioaccumulation in K. pentacarpos, and this species has the potential to be a candidate for phytoremediation in saline environments

Conjunction of Vetiveria zizanioides L. and oil-degrading bacteria as a promising technique for remediation of crude oil-contaminated soils

Oil pollution is a great threat to all forms of aquatic and terrestrial life. Vetiver (Vetiveria zizanioides L.) is a C4 perennial grass which can grow on diverse environments and may have the potential to be used for remediation of contaminated areas. Therefore, a controlled greenhouse experiment was conducted to study growth performance, petroleum tolerance and total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) removal potency of vetiver and hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria over a period of 120 days in contaminated soils with various oil concentrations (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12% w/w). The results showed that chlorophyll (Chl) a and Chl b content decreased in contaminated soils, although carotenoid content increased. Vetiver grass showed no sign of toxicity and thrived well in contaminated soils by applying survival approaches. Total antioxidant activity, malondialdehyde, and proline contents in root and shoot of vetiver increased in the presence of crude oil. The results revealed that decreasing of TPHs was in the range of 47e77% by vetiver, 53.3e87.4% by bacteria, and 57.5e84.6% by plant-bacteria treatments. Therefore, this plant could be used effectively for cleansing crude oil-contaminated soil, particularly in the presence of degrading bacteria. However, it needs more studies in field conditions where the physicochemical and biological characteristics of natural polluted soils may affect plant and bacteria remediation efficiency