Models for length back-calculation in Caspian Kutum, Rutilus kutum (Pisces: Cyprinidae) from the Caspian Sea

The Caspian Kutum, Rutilus Kutum (Kamensky 1901) specimens were sampled by purse seine in the northern Iranian coast of the Caspian Sea at four locations: Feridoonkenar Shahed, Mahmoudabad Khoram, Lariim Azadi fishing coop, and the Shiroud River in Ramsar city. “Back-calculation” is a retrospective method of estimating the characteristics of growth of fish in terms of length and rate of growth in the years preceding capture. Backcalculation of fish lengths at previous ages from scales or otoliths is a widely used approach to estimate both individual and population growth history. The back-calculated lengths of the Caspian kutum, Rutilus kutum (Kamensky 1901) were obtained using six different models, namely scale proportional hypothesis, body proportional hypothesis, Fraser Lee, nonlinear scale proportional hypothesis, nonlinear body proportional hypothesis, and the newest method, Morita Matsuishi model. The results showed that the preferred backcalculation models is Fraser Lee model for both males and females, while the nonlinear body proportional hypothesis is only for the females

Stem cell transplantation and functional recovery after spinal cord injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Spinal cord injury is a significant cause of motor dysfunctions. There is no definite cure for it, and most of the therapeutic modalities are only symptomatic treatment. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, the effectiveness of stem cell therapy in the treatment of the spinal cord injuries in animal models was studied and evaluated. A systematic search through medical databases by using appropriate keywords was conducted. The relevant reports were reviewed in order to find out cases in which inclusion and exclusion criteria had been fulfilled. Finally, 89 articles have been considered, from which 28 had sufficient data for performing statistical analyses. The findings showed a significant improvement in motor functions after cell therapy. The outcome was strongly related to the number of transplanted cells, site of injury, chronicity of the injury, type of the damage, and the induction of immune-suppression. According to our data, improvements in functional recovery after stem cell therapy in the treatment of spinal cord injury in animal models was noticeable, but its outcome is strongly related to the site of injury, number of transplanted cells, and type of transplanted cells

Bioinspired nanofiber scaffold for differentiating bone marrow-derived neural stem cells to oligodendrocyte-like cells:design, fabrication, and characterization

Abstract Background: Researchers are trying to study the mechanism of neural stem cells (NSCs) differentiation to oligodendrocyte-like cells (OLCs) as well as to enhance the selective differentiation of NSCs to oligodendrocytes. However, the limitation in nerve tissue accessibility to isolate the NSCs as well as their differentiation toward oligodendrocytes is still challenging. Purpose: In the present study, a hybrid polycaprolactone (PCL)-gelatin nanofiber scaffold mimicking the native extracellular matrix and axon morphology to direct the differentiation of bone marrow-derived NSCs to OLCs was introduced. Materials and Methods: In order to achieve a sustained release of T3, this factor was encapsulated within chitosan nanoparticles and chitosan-loaded T3 was incorporated within PCL nanofibers. Polyaniline graphene (PAG) nanocomposite was incorporated within gelatin nanofibers to endow the scaffold with conductive properties, which resemble the conductive behavior of axons. Biodegradation, water contact angle measurements, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations as well as conductivity tests were used to evaluate the properties of the prepared scaffold. The concentration of PAG and T3-loaded chitosan NPs in nanofibers were optimized by examining the proliferation of cultured bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on the scaffolds. The differentiation of BMSCs-derived NSCs cultured on the fabricated scaffolds into OLCs was analyzed by evaluating the expression of oligodendrocyte markers using immunofluorescence (ICC), RT-PCR and flowcytometric assays. Results: Incorporating 2% PAG proved to have superior cell support and proliferation while guaranteeing electrical conductivity of 10.8 × 10− 5 S/cm. Moreover, the scaffold containing 2% of T3-loaded chitosan NPs was considered to be the most biocompatible samples. Result of ICC, RT-PCR and flow cytometry showed high expression of O4, Olig2, platelet-derived growth factor receptor-alpha (PDGFR-α), O1, myelin/oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) and myelin basic protein (MBP) high expressed but low expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Conclusion: Considering surface topography, biocompatibility, electrical conductivity and gene expression, the hybrid PCL/gelatin scaffold with the controlled release of T3 may be considered as a promising candidate to be used as an in vitro model to study patient-derived oligodendrocytes by isolating patient’s BMSCs in pathological conditions such as diseases or injuries. Moreover, the resulted oligodendrocytes can be used as a desirable source for transplanting in patients.See correction Rasti Boroojeni F, Mashayekhan S, Abbaszadeh HA, Ansarizadeh M, Khoramgah MS, Rahimi Movaghar V. Bioinspired Nanofiber Scaffold for Differentiating Bone Marrow-Derived Neural Stem Cells to Oligodendrocyte-Like Cells: Design, Fabrication, and Characterization [Corrigendum]. Int J Nanomedicine. 2020;15:6085-6088, https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S271954 Rinnakkaistallennettu versio / Self-archived versio

Bioinspired nanofiber scaffold for differentiating bone marrow-derived neural stem cells to oligodendrocyte-like cells:design, fabrication, and characterization [corrigendum]

Correction to: Rasti Boroojeni F, Mashayekhan S, Abbaszadeh HA, Ansarizadeh M, Khoramgah MS, Rahimi Movaghar V. Bioinspired Nanofiber Scaffold for Differentiating Bone Marrow-Derived Neural Stem Cells to Oligodendrocyte-Like Cells: Design, Fabrication, and Characterization. Int J Nanomedicine. 2020;15:3903-3920, https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S248509 Rinnakkaistallennettu versio / Self-archived versio