From Labyrinth to Piano Key Weirs – A historical review

Free crest spillways are hydraulically efficient and safe in operation. Since their discharge capacity is directly proportional to the crest length several types have been developed with the purpose to increase the length of the latter. Among these types traditional labyrinth weir spillways have been studied and used for a long time. Their hydraulic performance and the effect of the involved geometrical parameters are well known. Nevertheless, their design still has to be based on experimentally derived and generalized performance curves. The recently introduced Piano Key weirs present clear advantages regarding hydraulic performance and construction costs compared to classical labyrinth weirs. Especially its small footprint makes the PK weir an efficient and cost effective solution for the increase of the flood releasing capacity at existing concrete gravity dams. Until today only preliminary design procedures are available which cannot yet be generalized. The still ongoing research on this complex hydraulic structure is a challenge for many scientists all over the world. Despite of this, several prototypes have been installed successfully over the last years on existing dams which enhance efficiently the flood release capacity

Identification of Railway Track Using RFID Application

Indian railway is 4th rank railway chain in the world. Due to this there are so many problems like collision, accidents, delay etc. are related to trains. To avoid these problems we used RFID application for identification of railway track and automatic track changer. In this setup ,we used RFID tags which are allocated at railway track and RFID reader attached in railway engine. Because of this, train follows its path perfectly with help of RFID reader which reads tags continuously on railway track. If route is appropriate then train perform continuously, in case route is wrong then train stop automatically and ‘WRONG PATH” information shows on LCD display located in train engine. The next advantage of our model is automatic track changer. When train reach at some distance before track changer that time track change automatically according to perfect route due to wireless communication. Our model is useful for perfect track identification and perfect track change