Does Pethidine Hydrochloride Analgesia in Patients with Acute Appendicitis Alter the Diagnostic Accuracy of Clinical Evaluation: a Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial

Background: Prevalence of cancers associated with the use of oral tobacco (OT) is rising very rapidly and prevention of use is the best option to tackle this scenario. This cross-sectional study estimated the proportion of OT use and predictors associated with its initiation and determined the knowledge, attitude A total of 354 students (15-30 years age) in five colleges were interviewed by medical students and completed a peer reviewed, pre-tested, self-administered questionnaire. Chi square test and logistic regression analyses were applied to the results.Method: Thirty nine (11.0%) students were lifetime users of smokeless tobacco among which nineteen (5.4%) were occasional users, seven (2.0%) were current users and thirteen (3.6%) fulfilled the criterion for established users. Paan was the most commonly used form of smokeless tobacco followed by Nass. On univariate analysis, lifetime use of smokeless tobacco showed significant associations with the use of cigarettes, student gender (M > F), individual condition (native > guest) and kind of the College (Engineering > Psychology).Results: Although pain scores significantly reduced in pethidine group and there was a significant difference between the pethidine and placebo groups (p<0.05). Pethidine administration did not alter the physical signs, delay time to surgery, or diagnostic accuracy.Conclusion: According to the result of the study, use of pethidine does not affect the accuracy and time of surgical diagnosis and can effectively reduce the pain among patients with acute abdominal pain due to appendicitis.Copyright©2012 Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology. All rights reserved

Power-law entropy corrected new holographic scalar field models of dark energy with modified IR-cutoff

In this work, the PLECHDE model with Granda-Oliveros (G-O) IR-cutoff is studied. The evolution of dark energy density, deceleration and EoS parameters are calculated. I demonstrate that under a condition, our universe can accelerate near the phantom barrier at present time. We calculate these parameters also in PLECHDE at Ricci scale, when when $\alpha=2$ and $\beta=1$, and at last a comparison between Ricci scale, G-O cutoff and non-corrected HDE without matter field with G-O cutoff is done. The correspondence between this model and some scalar field of dark energy models is established. By this method, the evolutionary treatment of kinetic energy and potential for quintessence, tachyon, K-essence and dilaton fields, are obtained. I show that the results has a good compatibility with previous work in the limiting case of flat, dark dominated and non corrected holographic dark energy.Comment: 15 pages, one table, some sentences and references are added, accepted by modern Phys. L. A (MPLA

Interacting entropy-corrected holographic dark energy with apparent horizon as an infrared cutoff

In this work we consider the entropy-corrected version of interacting holographic dark energy (HDE), in the non-flat universe enclosed by apparent horizon. Two corrections of entropy so-called logarithmic 'LEC' and power-law 'PLEC' in HDE model with apparent horizon as an IR-cutoff are studied. The ratio of dark matter to dark energy densities $u$, equation of state parameter $w_D$ and deceleration parameter $q$ are obtained. We show that the cosmic coincidence is satisfied for both interacting models. By studying the effect of interaction in EoS parameter, we see that the phantom divide may be crossed and also find that the interacting models can drive an acceleration expansion at the present and future, while in non-interacting case, this expansion can happen only at the early time. The graphs of deceleration parameter for interacting models, show that the present acceleration expansion is preceded by a sufficiently long period deceleration at past. Moreover, the thermodynamical interpretation of interaction between LECHDE and dark matter is described. We obtain a relation between the interaction term of dark components and thermal fluctuation in a non-flat universe, bounded by the apparent horizon. In limiting case, for ordinary HDE, the relation of interaction term versus thermal fluctuation is also calculated.Comment: 20 pages, 8 figures, figures changed, some Ref. is added, changed some sentences, accepted by General relativity and gravitation (GERG

Generalized Chaplygin gas model: Cosmological consequences and statefinder diagnosis

The generalized Chaplygin gas (GCG) model in spatially flat universe is investigated. The cosmological consequences led by GCG model including the evolution of EoS parameter, deceleration parameter and dimensionless Hubble parameter are calculated. We show that the GCG model behaves as a general quintessence model. The GCG model can also represent the pressureless CDM model at the early time and cosmological constant model at the late time. The dependency of transition from decelerated expansion to accelerated expansion on the parameters of model is investigated. The statefinder parameters $r$ and $s$ in this model are derived and the evolutionary trajectories in $s-r$ plane are plotted. Finally, based on current observational data, we plot the evolutionary trajectories in $s-r$ and $q-r$ planes for best fit values of the parameters of GCG model. It has been shown that although, there are similarities between GCG model and other forms of chaplygin gas in statefinder plane, but the distance of this model from the $\Lambda$CDM fixed point in $s-r$ diagram is shorter compare with standard chaplygin gas model.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures, accepted in Astrophys Space Sci. (2011

Statefinder diagnosis and the interacting ghost model of dark energy

A new model of dark energy namely "ghost dark energy model" has recently been suggested to interpret the positive acceleration of cosmic expansion. The energy density of ghost dark energy is proportional to the hubble parameter. In this paper we perform the statefinder diagnostic tool for this model both in flat and non-flat universe. We discuss the dependency of the evolutionary trajectories in $s-r$ and $q-r$ planes on the interaction parameter between dark matter and dark energy as well as the spatial curvature parameter of the universe. Eventually, in the light of SNe+BAO+OHD+CMB observational data, we plot the evolutionary trajectories in $s-r$ and $q-r$ planes for the best fit values of the cosmological parameters and compare the interacting ghost model with other dynamical dark energy models. We show that the evolutionary trajectory of ghost dark energy in statefinder diagram is similar to holographic dark energy model. It has been shown that the statefinder location of $\Lambda$CDM is in good agreement with observation and therefore the dark energy models whose current statefinder values are far from the $\Lambda$CDM point can be ruled out.Comment: 23 pages, 6 figure

Interacting Ricci Dark Energy with Logarithmic Correction

Motivated by the holographic principle, it has been suggested that the dark energy density may be inversely proportional to the area $A$ of the event horizon of the universe. However, such a model would have a causality problem. In this work, we consider the entropy-corrected version of the holographic dark energy model in the non-flat FRW universe and we propose to replace the future event horizon area with the inverse of the Ricci scalar curvature. We obtain the equation of state (EoS) parameter $\omega_{\Lambda}$, the deceleration parameter $q$ and $\Omega_D'$ in the presence of interaction between Dark Energy (DE) and Dark Matter (DM). Moreover, we reconstruct the potential and the dynamics of the tachyon, K-essence, dilaton and quintessence scalar field models according to the evolutionary behavior of the interacting entropy-corrected holographic dark energy model.Comment: 24 pages, accepted for publication in 'Astrophysics and Space Science, DOI:10.1007/s10509-012-1031-8

Thermodynamics of d-dimensional charged rotating black brane and AdS/CFT correspondence

We compute the Euclidean actions of a $d$-dimensional charged rotating black brane both in the canonical and the grand-canonical ensemble through the use of the counterterms renormalization method, and show that the logarithmic divergencies associated with the Weyl anomalies and matter field vanish. We obtain a Smarr-type formula for the mass as a function of the entropy, the angular momenta, and the electric charge, and show that these quantities satisfy the first law of thermodynamics. Using the conserved quantities and the Euclidean actions, we calculate the thermodynamics potentials of the system in terms of the temperature, angular velocities, and electric potential both in the canonical and grand-canonical ensembles. We also perform a stability analysis in these two ensembles, and show that the system is thermally stable. This is commensurate with the fact that there is no Hawking-Page phase transition for a black object with zero curvature horizon. Finally, we obtain the logarithmic correction of the entropy due to the thermal fluctuation around the equilibrium.Comment: REVTEX4, 15 pages, 1 figur

Cosmological evolution and statefinder diagnostic for new holographic dark energy model in non flat universe

In this paper, the holographic dark energy model with new infrared cut-off proposed by Granda and Oliveros has been investigated in spatially non flat universe. The dependency of the evolution of equation of state, deceleration parameter and cosmological evolution of Hubble parameter on the parameters of new HDE model are calculated. Also, the statefinder parameters $r$ and $s$ in this model are derived and the evolutionary trajectories in $s-r$ plane are plotted. We show that the evolutionary trajectories are dependent on the model parameters of new HDE model. Eventually, in the light of SNe+BAO+OHD+CMB observational data, we plot the evolutionary trajectories in $s-r$ and $q-r$ planes for best fit values of the parameters of new HDE model.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures, Accepted by Astrophys. Space Sc

QCD ghost f(T)-gravity model

Within the framework of modified teleparallel gravity, we reconstruct a f(T) model corresponding to the QCD ghost dark energy scenario. For a spatially flat FRW universe containing only the pressureless matter, we obtain the time evolution of the torsion scalar T (or the Hubble parameter). Then, we calculate the effective torsion equation of state parameter of the QCD ghost f(T)-gravity model as well as the deceleration parameter of the universe. Furthermore, we fit the model parameters by using the latest observational data including SNeIa, CMB and BAO data. We also check the viability of our model using a cosmographic analysis approach. Moreover, we investigate the validity of the generalized second law (GSL) of gravitational thermodynamics for our model. Finally, we point out the growth rate of matter density perturbation. We conclude that in QCD ghost f(T)-gravity model, the universe begins a matter dominated phase and approaches a de Sitter regime at late times, as expected. Also this model is consistent with current data, passes the cosmographic test, satisfies the GSL and fits the data of the growth factor well as the LCDM model.Comment: 19 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1111.726

Holographic dark energy with time varying c2c^2 parameter

We consider the holographic dark energy model in which the model parameter $c^2$ evolves slowly with time. First we calculate the evolution of EoS parameter as well as the deceleration parameter in this generalized version of holographic dark energy (GHDE). Depending on the parameter $c^2$, the phantom regime can be achieved earlier or later compare with original version of holographic dark energy. The evolution of energy density of GHDE model is investigated in terms of parameter $c^2$. We also show that the time-dependency of $c^2$ can effect on the transition epoch from decelerated phase to accelerated expansion. Finally, we perform the statefinder diagnostic for GHDE model and show that the evolutionary trajectories of the model in $s-r$ plane are strongly depend on the parameter $c^2$.Comment: 16 pages, 4 figures, accepted by Astrophys Space Sc