An investigation on some biological characteristics of Capoeta buhsei in Gharachay River, Saveh

In this study we investigated biometric and morphometric traits of Capoeta buhsei in Gharachay River, Saveh. Sampling was in 5/90, 11/90 and 8/91. Sampling was by electroshoker. Samples after catching transferred to Azad university of Babols labratoar and investigated. Measurement of length was recorded by digital caliper to the nearest 0/01 mm and weight was recorded by digital balance to the nearest 0/01 g .Age determination was by observing scales in benicular loop with 40..Results of investigation of 53 male and 39 female of this species indicated that mean standard length of male and female was 131/46±23/59 mm and 152/96±25/07 mm respectively. Ratio of female to male was 0/73 :1 and with x2 -test there wasn’t a meaningful relashionship between male and female ratio

Characterisation and modelling of in-plane springback in a commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti)

Effective prediction of springback during sheet metal forming is critically important for automotive and aerospace industries, especially when forming metals with high strength to weight ratio such as Titanium. This requires materials mechanical data during plastic deformation and their dependencies on parameters like strain, strain rate and sample orientation. In this study, springback is quantified experimentally as elastic strain recovery, degradation in Young’s modulus and inelastic strain recovery on unloading in a commercially pure titanium type 50A (CP-Ti-50A). The results show strain rate dependent anisotropic mechanical behaviours and a degradation in Young’s modulus with increased level of plastic deformation. The level of degradation in Young’s modules increases gradually from 13% for samples parallel to the rolling direction (RD) to 20% for those perpendicular to the RD. A measurable non-linear strain recovery was also observed on unloading that is orientation dependent. The level of springback is characterised as the sum of elastic recovery and the contributions from both the degradation in Young’s modulus and anelastic strain recovery. It is shown that the Chord modulus can estimate springback with a reasonable accuracy taking into consideration the elastic strain recovery, degradation in Young’s modulus and anelastic strain recovery

Creep deformation and stress relaxation of a martensitic P92 steel at 650 °C

This paper develops methods to predict creep stress relaxation in the presence of combined boundary conditions and explores the influence of primary-secondary stress dependent creep properties on predictions for a martensitic P92 steel at temperature of 650 °C. A series of forward creep and elastic follow-up experiments have been conducted. A summary is provided of empirical creep equations for forward creep and creep stress relaxation (elastic follow-up) tests, including the link to the experimental procedure. The creep stress relaxation tests have been performed with two rigs to give elastic follow-up factors of 1.17 and 1.7. Both time hardening and strain hardening approaches have been considered where the strain hardening model provided more accurate predictions compared to time hardening; except at relatively low stress levels. The difference between stress relaxations predicted using strain hardening and time hardening approaches are considerable. The model predicts the creep stress relaxation accurately in the early stage of relaxation, indicating that the majority of stress relaxation occurs where primary creep needs to be taken into account. This study highlights the importance of stress dependent creep model to predict stress relaxation, especially with high level of initial residual stresses

Livestock keepers’ attitudes: Keystone of effective community-based breeding programs

Livestock keepers in southwestern Burkina Faso hold the local Lobi taurine breed, local Zebu cattle, and their crosses. Some communities in the region have begun to implement community-based cattle breeding programs (CBBPs), which involve animal tagging and recording and, potentially, also bull sharing. Based on the hypothesis that the participation of livestock keepers in CBBPs depends on their attitudes towards these programs, we used questionnaires to survey the attitudes of 125 farmers towards cattle breeding strategies and tools. Results were analyzed using principal component analysis. Farmers showed a highly positive attitude towards maintaining the features of their preferred cattle breed, but their attitudes varied substantially towards crossbreeding for breed improvement. Farmers generally agreed that performance was more important than animal appearance, and most of them were willing to cooperate with breeders’ associations but were skeptical about sharing their bulls with other farmers. The majority was reluctant to record performance data, which may be due to a capacity deficit and their confidence in being able to select the best animals based purely on phenotype. Our analysis suggests that breeders’ associations, as a key component of CBBPs, should lay down clear rules and obligations for their members from the outset. Timely consideration of farmers’ attitudes towards different breeding tools may improve their uptake and guarantee the sustainability of CBBPs

Characterisation and modelling of in-plane springback in a commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti)

Effective prediction of springback during sheet metal forming is critically important for automotive and aerospace industries, especially when forming metals with high strength to weight ratio such as Titanium. This requires materials mechanical data during plastic deformation and their dependencies on parameters like strain, strain rate and sample orientation. In this study, springback is quantified experimentally as elastic strain recovery, degradation in Young’s modulus and inelastic strain recovery on unloading in a commercially pure titanium type 50A (CP-Ti-50A). The results show strain rate dependent anisotropic mechanical behaviours and a degradation in Young’s modulus with increased level of plastic deformation. The level of degradation in Young’s modules increases gradually from 13% for samples parallel to the rolling direction (RD) to 20% for those perpendicular to the RD. A measurable non-linear strain recovery was also observed on unloading that is orientation dependent. The level of springback is characterised as the sum of elastic recovery and the contributions from both the degradation in Young’s modulus and anelastic strain recovery. It is shown that the Chord modulus can estimate springback with a reasonable accuracy taking into consideration the elastic strain recovery, degradation in Young’s modulus and anelastic strain recovery

Consensus Middle East and North Africa Registry on Inborn Errors of Immunity

Background: Inborn errors of immunity (IEIs) are a heterogeneous group of genetic defects of immunity, which cause high rates of morbidity and mortality mainly among children due to infectious and non-infectious complications. The IEI burden has been critically underestimated in countries from middle- and low-income regions and the majority of patients with IEI in these regions lack a molecular diagnosis. Methods: We analyzed the clinical, immunologic, and genetic data of IEI patients from 22 countries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. The data was collected from national registries and diverse databases such as the Asian Pacific Society for Immunodeficiencies (APSID) registry, African Society for Immunodeficiencies (ASID) registry, Jeffrey Modell Foundation (JMF) registry, J Project centers, and International Consortium on Immune Deficiency (ICID) centers. Results: We identified 17,120 patients with IEI, among which females represented 39.4%. Parental consanguinity was present in 60.5% of cases and 27.3% of the patients were from families with a confirmed previous family history of IEI. The median age of patients at the onset of disease was 36 months and the median delay in diagnosis was 41 months. The rate of registered IEI patients ranges between 0.02 and 7.58 per 100,000 population, and the lowest rates were in countries with the highest rates of disability-adjusted life years (DALY) and death rates for children. Predominantly antibody deficiencies were the most frequent IEI entities diagnosed in 41.2% of the cohort. Among 5871 patients genetically evaluated, the diagnostic yield was 83% with the majority (65.2%) having autosomal recessive defects. The mortality rate was the highest in patients with non-syndromic combined immunodeficiency (51.7%, median age: 3.5 years) and particularly in patients with mutations in specific genes associated with this phenotype (RFXANK, RAG1, and IL2RG). Conclusions: This comprehensive registry highlights the importance of a detailed investigation of IEI patients in the MENA region. The high yield of genetic diagnosis of IEI in this region has important implications for prevention, prognosis, treatment, and resource allocation

Modelowanie dynamiczne wielostopniowych równoległych pomp odśrodkowych o zmiennej prędkości sterowanych częstotliwościowo

This paper presents a development of a model of a set of multistage centrifugal electro pumps including two 4 stage stainless steel centrifugal pumps, each coupled to a 4 kW three-phase induction motor, connected to a hydraulic application running under two control strategies including constant speed and variable speed methods. Each pump provides 16 m3/hr flow rate and 58mwater head at BEP (Best Efficiency Point). Dynamicity of the model causes variations in all operational parameters of pumping system in any variation on consuming flow rate. Each electro pump has been driven with a variable frequency drive utilizing frequency control method for adjusting the rotational speed under a PID control regarding to match of pumping system operational point with the consumption point to save the energy. 83% energy saving is achieved by model in variable speed control strategy comparing to constant speed control strategy. MATLAB/SIMULINK software using ode45 solver and variable step size simulates this model.W artykule przedstawiono opracowanie modelu zespołu wielostopniowej elektrycznej pompy odśrodkowej składającego się z dwu czterostopniowych pomp ze stali nierdzewnej, z których każda jest napędzana trójfazowym silnikiem indukcyjnym o mocy 4 kW i połączona z odbiorczym urządzeniem hydraulicznym. W sterowaniu pompy stosuje się dwie strategie, metodę stałej i zmiennej prędkości. Każda z pomp zapewnia prędkość przepływu 16 m3/godz i ciśnienie 58 m słupa wody w punkcie odpowiadającym najlepszej sprawności (BEP). Dynamika modelu powoduje, że wszystkie parametry robocze zmieniają się przy zmianie prędkości przepływu po stronie odbiorczej. Każda z elektro-pomp jest napędzana ze zmienną częstotliwością metodą sterowania częstotliwością w regulatorze typu PID, co zapewnia dostosowanie parametrów roboczych systemu pompy do konsumpcji wody i oszczędność energii. W modelu opartym na strategii sterowania ze zmienną prędkością osiągnięto 83% oszczędność energii w porównaniu ze strategią sterowania przy stałej prędkości. Symulację modelu wykonano przy pomocy oprogramowania MATLAB/SIMULINK z pakietem numerycznym ode45 stosując zmienną długość kroku

"Coherent and Non-coherent Receivers in 60-GHz RoF System Based on Passively Mode-Locked Laser"

International audienc

Investigating N-Butanol and Ethyl Acetate Fractions of Nigella Sativa on Motoneurons’ Density of Spinal Cord Ventral Horn in Rats with Compressived Injury of Sciatic Nerve

Introduction: Sciatic nerve compression is one of the factors that may cause the cell body degeneration of the alpha-motoneurons of spinal cord ventral horn. Nigella sativa belongs to the family of Ranunculaceae which owns numerous pharmacological properties. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the neuro-protective effects of n-butanol and ethyl acetate fractions of Nigella sativa on motoneurons’ density of Spinal Cord Ventral Horn in Rats undergoing compressived injury of sciatic nerve. Methods: In this study, 24 Wistar male rats with average body weight of 250gr to 300gr were divided into four groups of six: control, compression, A(compression + n-butanol fraction 75mg/kg) and B(compression+ethyl acetate fraction75mg/kg). In compression and treatment groups, sciatic nerve of the right leg underwent compression (30sec). In fact, the extract was injected intraperitoneally twice after the compression. After 28days, lumbar segments of spinal cord L2-L4 were sampled under perfusion method. After going through tissue processes, they were cut in serial sections (7µ), and stained with toluidine blue. Then, the density of alpha-motoneurons of spinal cord ventral horn was measured by using dissector method. Conclusion: The study findings revealed that n-butanol fraction of Nigella sativa caused an increase in neuronal density which posesses neuroprotective effects. This could be due to antioxidant and anti inflammatory effects of this herb. However, increases in neuronal density in ethyl acetate fraction didn’t prove to be significant

International experiments with different models of allocating funds to facilitate integrated care: A scoping review protocol

INTRODUCTION: Integrated care is viewed widely as a potential solution to some of the major challenges faced by health and social care systems, such as those posed by service duplication, fragmentation and poor care coordination, and associated impacts on the quality and cost of services. Fragmented models of allocating funds to and across sectors, programmes and providers are frequently cited as a major barrier to integration and countries have experimented with different models of allocating funds to enhance care coordination among service providers and to reduce ineffective care and avoid costly adverse events. This scoping review aims to assess published international experiences of different models of allocating funds to facilitate integration and the evidence on their impacts. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: We will adopt a scoping review methodology due to the potentially vast and multidisciplinary nature of the literature on different models of allocating funds in health and social care systems, as well as the scarcity of existing knowledge syntheses. The framework developed by Arksey and O'Malley will be followed that entails six steps: (1) identifying the research question(s), (2) searching for relevant studies, (3) selecting studies, (4) charting the data, (5) collating, summarising and reporting the results and (6) and conducting consultation exercises. These steps will be conducted iteratively and reflexively, making adjustments and repetitions when appropriate to make sure the literature has been covered as comprehensively as possible. To ensure comprehensiveness of our literature review, we also search a wide range of sources. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: An integrated knowledge translation strategy will be pursued by engaging our knowledge users through all stages of the review. We will organise two workshops or policy roundtables/policy dialogues in Alberta and British Columbia with participation of diverse knowledge users to discuss and interpret the findings of our review and to draw out policy opportunities and lessons that can be applied to the context of these two provinces