14 research outputs found
Wound healing with alginate/chitosan hydrogel containing hesperidin in rat model
Get PDFSkin damages have always been considered as one of the most common physical injuries. Therefore, many researches have been conducted to find an efficient method for wound healing. Since hydrogels have suitable characteristics, they are widely used for this purpose. In this study, based on the high efficiency of alginate and chitosan hydrogels in the wound healing, different concentrations of hesperidin were loaded to alginate and chitosan hydrogels followed by evaluating their morphology, swelling properties, release, weight loss, hemo- and cytocompatibility, antibacterial and toxicity properties. Finally, the therapeutic function of the prepared hydrogels was evaluated in the full-thickness dermal wound in a rat model. Our results indicated that the hydrogels have appropriate porosity (91.2 ± 5.33) with the interconnected pores. Biodegradability of the prepared hydrogel was confirmed with weight loss assessment (almost 80 after 14 days). Moreover, the time-kill assay showed the antibacterial properties of hydrogels, and MTT assay revealed the positive effect of hydrogels on cell proliferation, and they have no toxicity effect on cells. Also, the in vivo results indicated that the prepared hydrogels had better wound closure than the gauze-treated wound (the control group), and the highest wound closure percentage was observed for the alginate/chitosan/10 hesperidin group. All in all, this study shows that alginate/chitosan hydrogels loaded with 10 of hesperidin can be used to treat skin injuries in humans. © 2019 Elsevier B.V
Sulfur dioxide reduces hippocampal cells death and improves learning and memory deficits in rat model of transient global ischemia/reperfusion
Get PDFObjective(s): According to recent the findings, sulfur dioxide (SO2) is produced by the cardiovascular system, influencing some major biological processes. Based on previous research, SO2 exhibits antioxidant effects and inhibits apoptosis following cardiac ischemia/reperfusion. Therefore, the objective of the current study was to examine the neuroprotective impact of SO2 following global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Materials and Methods: Forty-eight male Wistar rats that weighed 260�300 g, were randomly allocated into 4 groups: sham group (n=12), I/R group (n=12), and I/R+SO2 groups (NaHSO3 and Na2SO3; 1:3 ratio; 5 and 10 μg/kg, respectively; for 3 days, n=12). Cerebral ischemia model was prepared by occlusion of both common carotid arteries for 20 min. Saline as a vehicle and SO2 donor at doses 5 μg/kg (intraperitoneally) were injected for 3 days after reperfusion. Four days after ischemia, the passive avoidance memory test was carried out in four groups, and after behavioral assessment, necrosis, apoptosis, and antioxidant enzyme analysis were carried out. Results: SO2 treatment could significantly improve memory impairments in rats with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) (P<0.05). An increase in both superoxide dismutase and glutathione and a reduction in malondialdehyde were reported in the SO2 group versus the ischemic group (P<0.05). Moreover, SO2 could significantly decrease necrotic and apoptotic cells in the CA1 region (P<0.01). Conclusion: According to the findings, SO2 exerts significant neuroprotective effects on cerebral I/R due to its antioxidant activity. © 2018, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved
Apoptosis and Histopathology of the Heart after Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion in Male Rat Running title: Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury
Full text linkRenal oxidative stress status and histology in gentamicin nephrotoxicity: The effects of antioxidant vitamins
No full textBackground: In recent publications, several mechanisms have been implicated in gentamicin (GM) nephrotoxicity. Reactive oxygen species have been proposed as one of the causative factors of the drug renal side effects. This study was designed to evaluate the protective effects of the antioxidant vitamins against GM-mediated nephropathy in insitu isolated rat kidneys. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to one of the following groups of seven rats: Group 1 (control) was tyrode perfused kidneys. Group 2 (GM), 200µg/ml gentamicin was added to the perfusate. Group 3 (GM + Vit C), the same as group 2 but vitamin C (200 mg/L) was added to the drinking water for 3 days and 100 mg/L to the perfusate. Group 4 (GM + Vit E), the same as group 2 but vitamin E (100 mg/100 g BW, ip) was injected 12 h before experiments. Group 5 (GM + Vit C + Vit E) the same as group 2 but Vit E and C were co-administered (same as Group 3 & 4). Urinary N-acetyle-B-D-glucosaminidas (NAG) and renal cortex superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were measured and tissue histological evaluations were performed. Results: Gentamicin caused a significant nephrotoxicity demonstrated by increase in urinary NAG. Decline in SOD contents were observed comparing to controls. Vit C or Vit E inhibited the gentamicin-induced increased releases of NAG into urine but did not show a significant effect on the SOD levels. Conclusion: Co-administration of VitC&E significantly prevented the GM nephrotoxicity demonstrating by preservation of SOD levels and prevention of increase in urinary enzyme activities. Histological studies of renal tissues provided additional evidences for protective effects of antioxidant vitamins. We concluded that moderate doses of Vit C & E have protective effects in gentamicin nephrotoxicity and co-administration of these vitamins have additional beneficial effects
Protective effects of Gamma Oryzanol on distant organs after kidney ischemia-reperfusion in rats: A focus on liver protection
No full textRecipient kidney damage after leukocyte transfer from inbred mice with renal ischemia-reperfusion injury
No full textBackground: In a recent study, we were able to demonstrate a role for leukocyte transfer in the induction of liver damage in recipient mice after induction of IR (60 min of bilateral renal artery occlusion and 3 hrs reperfusion) injury in donors. The present study investigates the role of leukocyte transfer in the induction of kidney damage in recipient mice after induction of renal IR injury in donors.
Methods: Mice were divided into two sham and renal IR groups. After anesthesia, leukocytes were isolated from blood and were transferred to the two recipient groups: the intact recipient mice received leukocytes from the sham donor group (Sham recipient) and the intact recipient mice that received leukocytes from IR donor group (IR recipient). After 24 hrs, the recipient mice were anesthetized and blood samples and renal tissues were collected.
Results: Renal malondialdehyde (MDA) increased and glutathione and superoxide dismutase (SOD) decreased significantly in IR recipient group in comparison to sham recipient group. Although renal function tests, including BUN and plasma creatinine were significantly different between IR donor and sham donor groups, but they were not significantly different in two recipient groups. Renal tissues in IR donor group showed extensive damage compared to sham group, but in IR recipients' kidneys, they were different from IR donor tissues despite being different from their respective sham group.
Conclusion: These findings are suggestive of implication of leukocytes in renal tissue damage and oxidative stress after renal IR injury
Molecular docking and binding interaction between psychedelic drugs and human serum albumin
No full textDrug-plasma protein interaction is a critical concern in monitoring drug circulation and drug-drug interactions.
The present study aimed to investigate the interaction of psychedelic drugs such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), dimethyltryptamine (DMT), 2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine (DOI), psilocybin, psilocin, and mescaline with human serum albumin (HSA). The 3D structures of LSD, DMT, DOI, psilocybin, psilocin, mescaline, and albumin were obtained from the structural databases (www.rcsb.org, https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound). The structures were then prepared for molecular docking analysis by Autodock Vina software.
Ultimately, the binding energies between docked HSA and psychedelic drugs were calculated, and their interactions were predicted. It was found that the psychedelic drugs can interact with HSA in the active site and the best minimum binding energies of -7.6 kcal/mol and -6.5 kcal/mol were shown by LSD and psilocybin, respectively. Our results indicated that all psychedelic drugs tested could interact with HSA at subdomains IA and IB. The structural properties of the drugs affect their interaction sites and binding energies. It was concluded that albumin, as the most abundant protein of the serum, could act as the biodistributor of psychedelic drugs
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF COHESIVE SEDIMENTS EROSION IN THE PRESENCE BED COARSE-GRAIN SIZE SEDIMENTS
No full textThis paper studies the erosion of cohesive sediments in case of bed having
coarse-grain size. Experiments were conducted in an annular flume with six
different bed material grain sizes (D50=2.8 mm to D50=48 mm) at five different
shear stresses and 24 hours of self-consolidated cohesive sediment placed on
the bed material. The hydraulic parameters were measured using an Acoustic
Doppler Velocimeter (ADV). The results showed that despite increase in flow
shear stress in bed containing coarse grains, the amount of erosion of deposited cohesive sediments on the bed materials significantly decreased in comparison with the case of the smooth bed. Final concentrations of eroded cohesive sediment in the flow for smooth bed and coarse-grain size bed (D50 = 48.2 mm) were observed 47 and 1.9 g/l, respectively, showing that the coarse-grain size bed caused a reduction in the rate of cohesive sediment erosion up to 96\% in comparison with the smooth bed, while the shear stress in case of the rough bed was 5.5 times more than that of smooth bed. The significant reduction in the erosion rate might be because of cohesive sediment trapping inside the void space of the bed materials so that the trapped fine sediment would not be re-suspended into the flow. In this work, the critical shear stress for erosion of deposited cohesive sediment was obtained as 0.12 for smooth bed and 0.16 and 0.92 for bed material with grain sizes of 2.8 and 48 mm, respectively
Wastewater Effect on the Deposition of Cohesive Sediment
Full text linkIn this study, the characteristics of sediment deposition with three levels of wastewater, different shear stress, and initial sediment concentration were investigated in an annular flume. Sediment used for experiments was taken from the Pirbalut small dam reservoir, located in southwest Iran. The velocity and the shear stress profiles were measured, using an acoustic Doppler velocimeter (ADV). The results showed that the concentration of cohesive sediment decreased with time, and finally it reached an equilibrium concentration of sediment. The ratio of equilibrium concentration to initial concentration (Ceq:C) with a constant shear stress, for different initial sediment concentrations and different levels of wastewater were almost the same. The equilibrium concentration depends on the initial concentration sediment. Adding wastewater to the mixture caused the increasing of threshold and full deposition shear stress. The critical shear stresses for full deposition for three wastewater levels of 0, 30, and 60% are obtained as 0.050, 0.081, and 0.084 N/m2, respectively
Renal oxidative injury after leukocyte transfer from ischemia-reperfusion-induced kidney damage in Balb/c mice
No full textThe present study investigates the role of leukocyte transfer in the induction of kidney damage from mice that have undergone a severe renal ischemia-reperfusion insult into the intact recipient mice. First, Balb/c (inbred) mice were subjected to either sham operation (Sham donors) or bilateral renal IR injury (60 min ischemia-3 h reperfusion, IR donors). Leukocytes were isolated from blood and were transferred to two recipient groups: intact recipient mice received leukocytes from Sham donor group (Sham recipient) or from IR donor group (IR recipient). After 24 h, recipient mice were anesthetized for sample collections. Renal malondialdehyde increased and total glutathione concentration and superoxide dismutase activity decreased significantly in the IR recipient group compared to the Sham recipient group. BUN and plasma creatinine were significantly different between donor groups, but these parameters were not significantly different in the two recipient groups. In the IR donor group, there have been extensive changes in renal tissues comparing to Sham including severe destruction of the tubules, necrosis and tubular obstruction plus tubular flattening. IR recipient kidneys showed significant differences from their corresponding Sham group, demonstrating some degrees of injury including loss of brush borders from proximal tubules, cellular vacuolation and flattening of the tubules. However, less tissue damage was seen in this group comparing to IR donor kidneys. These findings showed that leucocytes transferred from post-ischemic mice induced oxidative stress and consequent damage to native kidneys, suggesting a role of leucocytes in the oxidative processes of reperfusion injury
