3 research outputs found
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Buckling of Elastomeric Beams Enables Actuation of Soft Machines
Soft, pneumatic actuators that buckle when interior pressure is less than exterior provide a new mechanism of actuation. Upon application of negative pneumatic pressure, elastic beam elements in these actuators undergo reversible, cooperative collapse, and generate a rotational motion. These actuators are inexpensive to fabricate, lightweight, easy to control, and safe to operate. They can be used in devices that manipulate objects, locomote, or interact cooperatively with humans.Chemistry and Chemical Biolog
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Buckling Pneumatic Linear Actuators Inspired by Muscle
The mechanical features of biological muscles are difficult to reproduce completely in synthetic systems. A new class of soft pneumatic structures (vacuum-actuated muscle-inspired pneumatic structures) is described that combines actuation by negative pressure (vacuum), with cooperative buckling of beams fabricated in a slab of elastomer, to achieve motion and demonstrate many features that are similar to that of mammalian muscle.Chemistry and Chemical Biolog
Exploring Mechanisms of Biofilm Removal.
ObjectiveThe goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of a novel anti-plaque formulation on oral biofilm removal. Specific aim was to elucidate the role of 2 potentially complementary mechanisms on dental biofilm removal using EPIEN Dental Debriding Solution (EDDS) like desiccating action leading to denaturation and destabilization of plaque and mechanical removal of destabilized plaque through forceful rinsing action.Materials and methods25 extracted teeth, after routine debriding and cleaning, underwent standard biofilm incubation model over 4 days. Then samples were randomly divided into 5 groups of 5 teeth each, treated and stained with GUM®Red-Cote® plaque disclosing solution and imaged. Samples were subsequently treated with HYBENX® Oral Decontaminant. Group 1 samples were treated with a standardized "static" water dip exposure following biofilm incubation. Samples in Group 2 were given a standardized "dynamic" exposure to a dental high pressure air/water syringe for 20 s. Group 3 samples were exposed to a standardized "static" application of test agent (30 s dip rinse) followed by a standardized "static" water rinse (30 s dip rinse). Samples in Group 4 were given both the standardized "static" application of test formulation followed by the standardized "dynamic" exposure to a dental high pressure air/water syringe. Finally, samples in Group 5 were treated with a standardized "dynamic" application of test agent (20 s high pressure syringe at 10 ml/s) followed by the standardized "dynamic" exposure to a dental high pressure air/water syringe.ResultsThe MPM images demonstrated that the water dip treatment resulted in the persistence of an almost continuous thick layer of biofilm coverage on the tooth surface. Similarly, test agent dip treatment followed by water dip only removed a few patches of biofilm, with the majority of the tooth surface remaining covered by an otherwise continuous layer of biofilm. Samples exposed to air/water spray alone showed some disruption of the biofilm, leaving residual patches of biofilm that varied considerably in size. Test agent dip treatment followed by air/water spray broke up the continuous layer of biofilm leaving only very small, thin scattered islands of biofilm. Finally, the dynamic test agent spray followed by air/water spray removed the biofilm almost entirely, with evidence of only very few small, thin residual biofilm islands.ConclusionThese studies demonstrate that test agent desiccant effect alone causes some disruption of dental biofilm. Additional dynamic rinsing is needed to achieve complete removal of dental biofilm