Productivity of corn hybrids in relation to the seeding rate

ArticlePotential yield of corn hybrids with a different FAO number is limited by not only rainfall amount, average soil and air temperature throughout vegetation period, but also directly depends on plant density. The study and practical application of special agricultural techniques allows us to limit and mitigate the negative impact of these factors on the productivity of maize, depending on the indicators under study and the soil and climatic resources of the cultivation zone. Therefore, the study of the influence of the seeding rate on the growth and development of corn plants remains relevant. The results presented make it possible to choose optimal seeding rates for corn hybrids of early and middle groups of ripeness (FAO 180-280). Overcrowding from 61,000 to 93,000 seeds ha-1 leads to increase in interstage period 'sprouting–wax ripeness' of Rodnik 179SV hybrid for 4 days, of MAS 12R and AMELIOR hybrids–for 2 days, and of MAS 30K hybrid – for 3 days. Hybrids Rodnik 179SV and AMELIOR reached maximum height – 217 cm and 214 cm respectively – at seeding rate of 73,000 seeds ha-1 , while hybrids MAS 12R and MAS 30K grew up to their 213 cm and 223 cm respectively at seeding rate of 77,000 seeds ha-1 . Decrease in seeding rate to less than 73,000 seeds ha-1 and, contrary to it, overcrowding of seeds of more than 77,000 seeds ha-1 leads to decrease in corn hybrid plant height. Agronomically, the most efficient for maximizing early ripe Rodnik 179SV and MAS 12R hybrids yields (6.39 and 6.73 t ha-1 ) and middle-early ripe AMELIOR hybrid yield (6.81 t ha-1 ) was the seeding rate of 73,000 seeds ha-1 , while the highest yield of middle MAS 30K hybrid (7.21 t ha-1 ) was at the seeding rate of 77,000 seeds ha-1

Canted antiferromagnetic phase of the ν=0\nu=0 quantum Hall state in bilayer graphene

Motivated to understand the nature of the strongly insulating $\nu=0$ quantum Hall state in bilayer graphene, we develop the theory of the state in the framework of quantum Hall ferromagnetism. The generic phase diagram, obtained in the presence of the isospin anisotropy, perpendicular electric field, and Zeeman effect, consists of the spin-polarized ferromagnetic (F), canted antiferromagnetic (CAF), and partially (PLP) and fully (FLP) layer-polarized phases. We address the edge transport properties of the phases. Comparing our findings with the recent data on suspended dual-gated devices, we conclude that the insulating $\nu=0$ state realized in bilayer graphene at lower electric field is the CAF phase. We also predict a continuous and a sharp insulator-metal phase transition upon tilting the magnetic field from the insulating CAF and FLP phases, respectively, to the F phase with metallic edge conductance $2e^2/h$, which could be within the reach of available fields and could allow one to identify and distinguish the phases experimentally.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figs; v2: published versio

Plasmonic nanostructures with local temporal response: a platform for time-varying photonics

This work is devoted to the development of an approach for implementation and designing time-varying media. A mechanism based on the use of plasmonic nanostructures with a reduced plasmon lifetime is proposed. It is shown that such nanostructures can be used to enhance the strength and speed of modulation of the refractive index ofnonlinear media. This is achieved through decreasing of the spectral dispersion of the real permittivity. Plasmonic materials with peculiar optical properties, such as flatdispersion in the near-infrared range, were synthesized. For this purpose, we prepared TiON thin films and performed thermal post-treatment for fine-tuning permittivity of TiON. It has been shown that the proposed materials allow one to achieve an ultrashort plasmon lifetime on the order of 0.1 fs, which is an order of magnitude shorter than in the case of traditional plasmonic materials

Subexponential estimations in Shirshov's height theorem (in English)

In 1993 E. I. Zelmanov asked the following question in Dniester Notebook: "Suppose that F_{2, m} is a 2-generated associative ring with the identity x^m=0. Is it true, that the nilpotency degree of F_{2, m} has exponential growth?" We show that the nilpotency degree of l-generated associative algebra with the identity x^d=0 is smaller than Psi(d,d,l), where Psi(n,d,l)=2^{18} l (nd)^{3 log_3 (nd)+13}d^2. We give the definitive answer to E. I. Zelmanov by this result. It is the consequence of one fact, which is based on combinatorics of words. Let l, n and d>n be positive integers. Then all the words over alphabet of cardinality l which length is greater than Psi(n,d,l) are either n-divided or contain d-th power of subword, where a word W is n-divided, if it can be represented in the following form W=W_0 W_1...W_n such that W_1 >' W_2>'...>'W_n. The symbol >' means lexicographical order here. A. I. Shirshov proved that the set of non n-divided words over alphabet of cardinality l has bounded height h over the set Y consisting of all the words of degree <n. Original Shirshov's estimation was just recursive, in 1982 double exponent was obtained by A.G.Kolotov and in 1993 A.Ya.Belov obtained exponential estimation. We show, that h<Phi(n,l), where Phi(n,l) = 2^{87} n^{12 log_3 n + 48} l. Our proof uses Latyshev idea of Dilworth theorem application.Comment: 21 pages, Russian version of the article is located at the link arXiv:1101.4909; Sbornik: Mathematics, 203:4 (2012), 534 -- 55

Strong focusing higher-order laser modes: Transverse and longitudinal optical fields

© Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd. The distribution of transverse and longitudinal optical fields in tightly focused higher-order laser beams is investigated. Polarization-dependent fingerprints of transverse and longitudinal optical fields are experimentally captured by means of photoinduced surface deformations in azobenzene polymer thin films

ЦИКЛОКОНВЕРТОР С КОМБИНИРОВАННЫМ ЗАКОНОМ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ДЛЯ СИСТЕМ ЭЛЕКТРОСНАБЖЕНИЯ АВТОНОМНЫХ ОБЪЕКТОВ

The present paper considers cycle-converter with complicated control law. The methodj complicated control law generating is presented. The scheme of power circuits is introduced. Volta and current curves for classical cycle-converter and cycle-converter with complicated control lawi discussed. Introducing of complicated control law improves output voltage quality, increa fundamental harmonic's amplitude and input power factor. The article is attractive in the field of i power electronics.В статье рассматривается циклоконвертер с комбинированным законом управления вентильными комплектами. Представлен способ формирования комбинированного сигнала управления. Приведена схема силовых цепей исследуемого преобразователя. Рассматриваются эпюры кривых выходного напряжения и тока для классической схемы циклоконвертера и для схемы преобразователя с комбинированным законом управления. Введение комбинированного сигнала управления повышает качество выходного напряжения, увеличивает амплитуду основной гармоники и входной коэффициент мощности. Статья представляет интерес для специалистов в области авиационной силовой электроники.В статье рассматривается циклоконвертер с комбинированным законом управления вентильными комплектами. Представлен способ формирования комбинированного сигнала управления. Приведена схема силовых цепей исследуемого преобразователя. Рассматриваются эпюры кривых выходного напряжения и тока для классической схемы циклоконвертера и для схемы преобразователя с комбинированным законом управления. Введение комбинированного сигнала управления повышает качество выходного напряжения, увеличивает амплитуду основной гармоники и входной коэффициент мощности. Статья представляет интерес для специалистов в области авиационной силовой электроники

Геодинамическая модель глубинного строения палеосубдукционной зоны на восточной окраине Русской палеоплиты и распределение месторождений нефти и газа

Known hypothesis of M. Barazangi that quasilinear geological and tectonic zones represent the banded structures, which are parallel to the Urals paleo volcanic mountain belt was used. These zones can be in some interval of distances from a mountain paleo volcanic belt. On the size of this interval (~ 103 km) and the periodical arrangement of quasilinear geological and tectonic zones (of about ~ 300 km width), the paleo subduction speed (~ 5 – 6 cm a year) was estimated on the example of some Siberian regions.Использована известная гипотеза M. Barazangi о том, что квазилинейные геолого-тектонические зоны представляют собой полосчатые структуры, которые параллельны палеовулканическому Уральскому горному поясу и могут находиться в пределах некоторого интервала расстояний от пояса. По величине этого интервала (~10 3 км) и периодическому расположению квазилинейных геолого-тектонических зон (с поперечным размером ~ 300 км) оценивается скорость палеосубдукции (~ 5 – 6 см в год) на примере некоторых районов Сибири. Альтернативой столь высокой скорости палеосубдукции может быть угол палеосубдукции значительно меньше 10°. Результаты расчета могут быть применимы при изучении древних и современных литосферных блоков