Crop-based irrigation operations in the North West Frontier Province of Pakistan. Vol.II: Research approach and interpretation. Final Report

Irrigation management / Crop-based irrigation / Research / Irrigation canals / Water demand / Performance evaluation / Agricultural production / Pakistan / North West Frontier Province

Search for a Signal on QCD Critical Point in Central Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions

We discuss that the QCD critical point could appear in central collisions in percolation cluster. We suggest using the nuclear transparency effect and the one of the light nuclear production to identify the critical point.Comment: To appear in the proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (QM2008), Jaipur, India, February 4-10, 200

EIMERIOSIS IN POULTRY OF RAWALPINDI/ISLAMABAD AREA

This study was designed to determine the prevalence of eimeriosis in poultry and identify potential risk factors for its spread in Rawalpindi/Islamabad area of Pakistan. Of 359 gut samples (suspected for harbouring eimeriosis) examined, 258 (71.86%) were found infected. Four species of Eimeria (E. maxima, 34.10%, E. tenella, 30.62%, E. mitis, 13.95% and E. necatrix, 7.75%) were recorded. The prevalence of eimeriosis was highest in the month of September (89.74%), while lowest during June (28.57%). The disease was more common at the farms where the litter was wet and not managed properly

Soliton response to transient trap variations

The response of bright and dark solitons to rapid variations in an expulsive longitudinal trap is investigated. We concentrate on the effect of transient changes in the trap frequency in the form of temporal delta kicks and the hyperbolic cotangent functions. Exact expressions are obtained for the soliton profiles. This is accomplished using the fact that a suitable linear Schrodinger stationary state solution in time can be effectively combined with the solutions of non-linear Schrodinger equation, for obtaining solutions of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation with time dependent scattering length in a harmonic trap. Interestingly, there is rapid pulse amplification in certain scenarios

Comparative Analysis of V-Akt Murine Thymoma Viral Oncogene Homolog 3 (AKT3) Gene between Cow and Buffalo Reveals Substantial Differences for Mastitis

AKT3 gene is a constituent of the serine/threonine protein kinase family and plays a crucial role in synthesis of milk fats and cholesterol by regulating activity of the sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP). AKT3 is highly conserved in mammals and its expression levels during the lactation periods of cattle are markedly increased. AKT3 is highly expressed in the intestine followed by mammary gland and it is also expressed in immune cells. It is involved in the TLR pathways as effectively as proinflammatory cytokines. The aims of this study were to investigate the sequences differences between buffalo and cow. Our results showed that there were substantial differences between buffalo and cow in some exons and noteworthy differences of the gene size in different regions. We also identified the important consensus sequence motifs, variation in 2000 upstream of ATG, substantial difference in the “3′UTR” region, and miRNA association in the buffalo sequences compared with the cow. In addition, genetic analyses, such as gene structure, phylogenetic tree, position of different motifs, and functional domains, were performed to establish their correlation with other species. This may indicate that a buffalo breed has potential resistance to disease, environment changes, and airborne microorganisms and some good production and reproductive traits

Catalytic Performance of Calcium-Lanthanum co-doped Ceria (Ce0.85-xLa0.15CaxO2-δ) in Partial Oxidation of Methane

In this study, Ce0.85-xLa0.15CaxO2-δ was synthesized using sol-gel combustion method and appliedfor partial oxidation of methane (POM). The physicochemical properties of catalyst were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Material shows a pure cubical structure and is highly stable up to 850 °C. The performance testing indicated the conversion of CH4 is 65% and selectivity of H2 and CO are 28% and 8%, respectively. The performance indicated the catalyst has a potential to be used for partial oxidation of methane on a larger scale. Copyright © 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).

Residual Stresses in Alloy IN718 Produced Through Modulated Laser Powder Bed Fusion

Background: Laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) additive manufacturing (AM) is used for building metallic parts layer-by-layer and often generates non-uniform thermal gradients between layers during fabrication, resulting in the development of residual stresses when parts are cooled down. Objective: The impact of modulated laser used during the L-PBF process on residual stresses in Inconel 718 (IN718) material was investigated. The impact of build directions on residual stress is also determined. Methods: The contour method is employed to measure the full-field residual stress component on the cross-section of samples. A complementary residual stress measurement method, incremental hole drilling, was employed for obtaining in-plane residual stress components. Results: The results show that the residual stress distribution is sensitive to the build direction, with a higher magnitude of residual stress in the direction of build than that in the transverse direction. Multiple measurements with the same manufacturing parameters show good repeatability. Conclusion: Residual stresses in the as-built parts are significant and hence a further consideration regarding relieving residual stresses is required when post-thermal treatments are developed

An Approach to Utilize Crust Leather Scrapes, Dumped into the Land, for the Production of Environmental Friendly Leather Composite

Among all the natural fiber, leather fiber is one of the animal fibers which is bearing hydrophilic and hydrophobic functional group. Leather is tanned with different types of chemicals and scraped crust leather containing chemical are coming from the leather industry after preparing footwear and leather products. In this was varied from 100 ml to 40 ml and benzoyl peroxide was used as a radical initiator. Tensile strength (TS), Young modulus and elongation at break (Eb) were measured. Tensile strength found to increase from 9.80 Mpa to 10.85 MPa. Young's modulus was found highest in 70:5 ratios and it was 158.16 Mpa research an attempt was taken to prepare composite with waste scrape crust leather. Leather fiber reinforced polyester resin based composites were prepared by wet layup method. Polyester content in the composite.Scraped crust reinforced composite will reduce the environmental pollution. So it can be concluded that scraped crust leather reinforced composite found to have better result than matrix and reinforced material