IBN SINA (AVICENA) I KORIJENI SEDAM DOKTRINA ODRŽAVANJA ZDRAVLJA

Ibn Sina, the most eminent Muslim physician, illuminative philosopher, great thinker and a versatile genius is regarded as the “Father of Early Modern Medicine” and as the “Father of Clinical Pharmacology”. The “Kitab al-Qanun fi-al-Tibb”, commonly known as the “Canon Medicinae” is the most important of his medical works and, at the same time, the most carefully preserved treasury both in original Arabic and in the initial Latin version. It is the final codification of all Greco-Arabic medical thoughts up to his time, enriched and modified with his own scientific experimentations and independent observations. It is considered “The First Textbook of Medicine on the Earth”. The “Canon” surpassed the books of Hippocrates and Galen and remained supreme for more than six centuries, in the West. Ibn Sina described “Seven Doctrines” for Preservation of Health, based on the Mudawa Salookia, in his magnum opus. The roots of these principles can be traced, to a significant extent, to Egyptian Medicine, Hebrew Medicine, Greek Medicine, Roman Medicine, Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ancient Persian Medicine, Ayurvedic Medicine (Hindu Medicine) and Islamic Medicine.Avicena (Ibn Sina), najugledniji muslimanski liječnik, prosvijećeni filozof, veliki mislilac i svestrani genij, smatra se na polju medicine “ocem rane moderne medicine” i “ocem kliničke farmakologije”. Kitabal-Qanunfi-al-Tibb, općepoznat kao Canon Medicinae, najvažnije je od njegovih medicinskih djela te istovremeno najpomnije očuvana riznica i u izvornoj i u prvoj latinskoj verziji. To je konačna kodifikacija grčkoarapske medicinske misli do njegova vremena, obogaćena i dopunjena njegovim vlastitim znanstvenim ispitivanjima i neovisnim promatranjima; smatrana “prvim udžbenikom medicine na Zemlji”. Canon je nadmašio Hipokratove i Galenove knjige i ostao vrhovni autoritet na Zapadu više od šest stoljeća. Avicena je opisao “Sedam doktrina” za održavanje zdravlja u svom remek-djelu Mudawa Salookia. Korijeni tih principa mogu se naći u egipatskoj, hebrejskoj, grčkoj, rimskoj, kineskoj, staroperzijskoj, indijskoj i islamskoj medicini

IBN SINA (AVICENA) I KORIJENI SEDAM DOKTRINA ODRŽAVANJA ZDRAVLJA

Ibn Sina, the most eminent Muslim physician, illuminative philosopher, great thinker and a versatile genius is regarded as the “Father of Early Modern Medicine” and as the “Father of Clinical Pharmacology”. The “Kitab al-Qanun fi-al-Tibb”, commonly known as the “Canon Medicinae” is the most important of his medical works and, at the same time, the most carefully preserved treasury both in original Arabic and in the initial Latin version. It is the final codification of all Greco-Arabic medical thoughts up to his time, enriched and modified with his own scientific experimentations and independent observations. It is considered “The First Textbook of Medicine on the Earth”. The “Canon” surpassed the books of Hippocrates and Galen and remained supreme for more than six centuries, in the West. Ibn Sina described “Seven Doctrines” for Preservation of Health, based on the Mudawa Salookia, in his magnum opus. The roots of these principles can be traced, to a significant extent, to Egyptian Medicine, Hebrew Medicine, Greek Medicine, Roman Medicine, Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ancient Persian Medicine, Ayurvedic Medicine (Hindu Medicine) and Islamic Medicine.Avicena (Ibn Sina), najugledniji muslimanski liječnik, prosvijećeni filozof, veliki mislilac i svestrani genij, smatra se na polju medicine “ocem rane moderne medicine” i “ocem kliničke farmakologije”. Kitabal-Qanunfi-al-Tibb, općepoznat kao Canon Medicinae, najvažnije je od njegovih medicinskih djela te istovremeno najpomnije očuvana riznica i u izvornoj i u prvoj latinskoj verziji. To je konačna kodifikacija grčkoarapske medicinske misli do njegova vremena, obogaćena i dopunjena njegovim vlastitim znanstvenim ispitivanjima i neovisnim promatranjima; smatrana “prvim udžbenikom medicine na Zemlji”. Canon je nadmašio Hipokratove i Galenove knjige i ostao vrhovni autoritet na Zapadu više od šest stoljeća. Avicena je opisao “Sedam doktrina” za održavanje zdravlja u svom remek-djelu Mudawa Salookia. Korijeni tih principa mogu se naći u egipatskoj, hebrejskoj, grčkoj, rimskoj, kineskoj, staroperzijskoj, indijskoj i islamskoj medicini

BOL: POVIJEST, KULTURA I FILOZOFIJA

Pain, one of the universals of existence, has a long and venerable history, its origin initially attributed to godly punishment for disbelievers; and, with improved understanding, to physical and psycho-social factors. “Pain is emotion or sensation?” has been a debatable issue. Razes developed pleasure-pain theory, founded on the theories of Socrates, Plato, Aristotle and Epicurus. Descartes’ Dualism shifted the centre of pain from the heart to the brain but negated the psychological contribution to its pathogenesis. Gate Control Theory, fascinated with the idea of “neurological gates”, highlighted the important role of the brain in dealing with the messages received. The International Association of the Study of Pain, in 1979, coined a definition of pain which is currently in use and was last updated on 6th October 2014. Its validity has been challenged and a new definition has been suggested. Whereas the experience is personalized, immeasurable and unsharable, different cultural groups react differently to pain from relative tolerance to over-reaction. Gender and ethnic differences in the perception of pain are well proven and the effects of various religious beliefs adequately scored. Despite extensive research over centuries, understanding of pain mechanisms is still far from optimal. Untiring efforts to identify a paincentre in the brain have been futile. Had it been possible, millions of pain sufferers would have been relieved of their physical agony and mental anguish by the prick of needle.Bol, jedna od univerzalija egzistencije, ima dugu i štovanja vrijednu prošlost, čiji se izvori mogu primarno pripisati božjoj kazni za nevjerne; i s unaprijeđenim shvaćanjem fizičkog i psihosocijalnog. “Da li je bol osjećaj ili utisak?” pitanje je za raspravu. Razes je razvio teoriju zadovoljstva-boli, na temeljima Sokratove, Platonove, Aristotelove i Epikurove teorije. Descarteov dualizam premjestio je centar boli sa srca na mozak, ali je negirao psihološki doprinos u patogenezi. Teorija ulaznih vrata (Gate Control Theory) fascinirana idejom “neuroloških ulaznih vrata” pokazala je važnu ulogu mozga u prenošenju poruka. Nepobitnost njenih pojedinih elemenata bila je dovedena u pitanje, te je predložena alternativa, nova definicija. Međutim iskustvo je osobno, nemjerljivo i nedjeljivo, različite kulturološke skupine različito reagiraju na bol: od relativne tolerancije do pretjeranih reakcija. Spolne i etničke razlike u percepciji boli jasno su dokazane, kao što su adekvatno zabilježeni učinci različitih vjerskih uvjerenja na nju. Unatoč višestoljetnim opsežnim istraživanjima, razumijevanje mehanizma boli, vrlo je udaljeno od optimalne razine

Impediments to the Success of SAARC

A number of queries will be raised in this research paper, regarding the mechanism and utility of international regional organizations. We will address ourselves, trying to look for a clue that why Pakistan joined these organizations; both security related and groupings with economic preferences. We would investigate the rationale for Pakistani membership as well as the diminishing results of these regional groupings. In the era of Cold War, i.e. 1950s to 1970s, the focal point of Pakistan’s foreign policy remained in cooperation with the regional countries for the uplift of its security needs; not withstanding that Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) and Central Treaty Organization (CENTO) were American sponsored. However, we cannot ignore the fact that co-members like Iran and Turkey were Pakistan’s closest allies; regardless of the fact that these three countries coordinated their policies within the grand design of American containment of the communist ideology.&nbsp

Pleural Mesothelioma: Unexpected Finding in a Young Man

Pleural mesothelioma is the disease of the elderly, usually in the seventh decade of life. Asbestos exposure is the most common finding among these patients. Other causes include a simian virus, radiation exposure, genetic predisposition and erionite. Common symptoms include shortness of breath, weight loss, dull achy chest pain on the site of the lesion and anorexia. Pleural effusion is common and video-assisted thoracoscopic (VATS) biopsy is the investigation of choice. pleurectomy, pleuro-pneumonectomy and cisplatin-based therapy are management modalities depending upon the stage of the disease. We are presenting an unusual case of pleural mesothelioma in a young patient with no significant exposure to the causative agent

Relationship among Hypovitaminosis D, Maternal Periodontal Disease, and Low Birth Weight

Objective: To determine if low birth weight is associated with hypovitaminosis D and periodontal disease among a sample of Pakistani women residing in district Jhelum, Punjab.STUDY Design: Cross-sectional study nested in a large community-based longitudinal study.PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY: Tehsil Pind Dadan Khan, District Jhelum, Pakistan from August 2012 to October 2015.METHODOLOGY: Women during 12-16th week of pregnancy were selected. Dental examination was performed. Probing depth \u3e3 mm was labeled as periodontal disease, whereas serum level 2500 g) babies. Odds ratio was applied to measure the strength of association of low birth weight with maternal hypovitaminosis D and also for maternal periodontal disease.Results: There were 62 participants in the study. The mean age of mothers was 26.7 ±4.5 years. It was alarming to observe that 53 (85%) participants had vitamin D deficiency. However, periodontal disease was only seen in four participants (6%). Out of the 62 mothers, eighteen (29%) gave birth to low birth weight babies. None of the variables were found to be associated with the low birth weight.CONCLUSION: The present study did not find any significant association of low birth weight with hypovitaminosis D or maternal periodontal disease in the studied sample