Pulmonary thrombo embolism in pregnancy.

Pulmonary thrombo embolism in pregnancy

Correlation of Atrial Fibrillation with Left Atrial Volume in Patients with Mitral Stenosis. a Single Centre Study From Pakistan

Background: Rheumatic heart disease has a strong association with mitral valve stenosis. Atrial fibrillation is one of the most common complications of this condition and is a poor prognostic factor. Early detection and prompt management of atrial fibrillation can help to improve the quality of life and increase the life expectancy of the patients. We carried out this study to investigate the significance of left atrial volumetric changes in mitral stenosis and its correlation with atrial fibrillation. Methodology: We audited the data of 60 patients of rheumatic heart disease who had mitral valve stenosis. The patients were randomized into atrial fibrillation (Group A) and normal sinus rhythm (Group B). We conducted this cross-sectional analytical study at Cardiology Department, Mayo Hospital, Lahore, from 1st February 2017 to 31st January 2018. We only included those patients who consented to be a part of this study and fulfilled our predefined inclusion criteria. Left atrial volume was measured by prolate ellipse method and biplane methods on echocardiography. The Data was analyzed on SPSS v20. Results: Sixty patients were included in the study. Among the subjects, thirty-six (60%) were males, and twenty-four (40%) were females. Atrial fibrillation was noted in 43.33% of the patients of mitral valve stenosis. There was a marked difference in the mean volume of the left atrium among the two groups. We observed that the mean area of the mitral valve for Group A patients was larger than that of patients in Group B. Our study showed an inverse correlation between left atrial volume and mitral valve area among Group A patients. Conclusion: Patients of mitral stenosis are at an increased risk of developing atrial fibrillation if the left atrial volume is increasing. All patients with mitral stenosis should have routine echocardiography & measurement of left atrial volumes, so that proper treatment can be started if the left atrial volume is increasing, to prevent atrial fibrillation

A Survey of Classification Methods

Classification may refer to categorization, the process in which ideas and objects are recognized, differentiated, and understood. There are many types of classification, researchers face a problem to choose a suitable method that give a good classification performance to solve their classification problems. In this paper, we present the basic classification techniques. Several major kinds of classification method including neural network, decision tree, Bayesian networks, support vector machine and k-nearest neighbor classifier. The goal of this survey is to provide a comprehensive review of the above different classification techniques

Automated inspection system for NDT of steel plates

The aim of the research project is to automate NDT data acquisition and analysis on large steel plates with an ultrasonic inspection technique that is implemented with robotics instrumentation. The project researches NDT sensor deployment, ultrasonic data acquisition and analysis and intelligent flaw detection. A robotic system has been developed for the inspection of internal imperfections in flat steel plates and produces a map of defective areas. It is a magnetic vehicle with a self-navigating system that carries 16 transducers for ultrasonic testing. The software that has been developed controls the scan trajectory of the vehicle and locates and plots position of the ultrasonic sensors and the presence of any defects at these positions. Internal imperfections in the steel plate are detected by monitoring the backwall echo or the echo associated with an imperfection during the scanning. The system has easy mobility to carry out inspection from site to site and a display and image processing system to analyse and show results of the ultrasonic inspection

The incidence and risk factors for development of lower limb lymphedema after treatment for gynaecological cancers

Background: The development of postoperative lower limb lymphedema (LLL) is a disabling, yet usually overlooked sequele of most gynecological cancer treatment. It can lead to significant functional problems that negatively affect gynecological cancer survivors’ daily living, work, emotional state, and overall quality of life. The objective of this study is to calculate the incidence of lower limb lymphedema in patients undergoing surgery for gynecological cancer and to evaluate the risk factors for its development.Methods: Women with newly diagnosed carcinoma ovary, carcinoma endometrium and carcinoma cervix, who underwent surgery at a tertiary cancer centre from September 2016 were included in the study. The circumference of both lower limbs was measured at prefixed sites. The limb volume was calculated using the formula C2/pi. A baseline value was taken prior to surgery. The patients were followed up every 3 months and the limb volume were calculated at each visit. An increase in limb volume by >10% was defined as lymphedema.Results: The incidence of lymphedema after 1 year follow up was 43.5%. There was no significant association between known risk factors such as extent of lymphadenectomy (p value 0.633) number of pelvic or para aortic lymph nodes removed (p value 0.69 and 0.44 respectively) and type of adjuvant therapy (p value 0.455).Conclusions: The incidence of LLL according to the present study was 43.5%. There was no statistically significant association between development of LLL and risk factors like site and number of lymph nodes removed and type of adjuvant therapy

Versatile Robotic Instruments for NDT/NDE Data Acquisition

The central theme of the research program at the Center is the development of novel versatile NDT data acquisition systems which combine the best feature of the human operator which is versatility i.e. the ability to perform many different NDT tasks in different environments, with other advantages which are characteristic of automated systems. At the same time these versatile systems avoid the worst features of human operators i.e. inaccuracies and slowness in repetitive tasks and inability to work in hostile environments

An evaluation of exact matching and propensity score methods as applied in a comparative effectiveness study of inhaled corticosteroids in asthma

Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Circle grid fractal plate as a turbulent generator for premixed flame: an overview

This review paper focuses to ascertain a new approach in turbulence generation on the structure of premixed flames and external combustion using a fractal grid pattern. This review paper discusses the relationship between fractal pattern and turbulence flow. Many researchers have explored the fractal pattern as a new concept of turbulence generators, but researchers rarely study fractal turbulence generators on the structure premixed flame. The turbulent flow field characteristics have been studied tand investigated in a premixed combustion application. In terms of turbulence intensity, most researchers used fractal grid that can be tailored so that they can design the characteristic needed in premixed flame. This approach makes it extremely difficult to determine the exact turbulent burning velocity on the velocity fluctuation of the flow. The decision to carry out additional research on the effect circle grid fractal plate as a turbulent generator for premixed flame should depends on the blockage ratio and fractal pattern of the grid. 1