Study of reactivity of cyanoacetohydrazonoethyl-<i>N</i>-ethyl-<i>N</i>-methyl benzenesulfonamide: preparation of novel anticancer and antimicrobial active heterocyclic benzenesulfonamide derivatives and their molecular docking against dihydrofolate reductase

<p>This article describes the synthesis of some novel heterocyclic sulfonamides having biologically active thiophene <b>3</b>, <b>4</b>, <b>5</b>, <b>6</b>, coumarin <b>8</b>, benzocoumarin <b>9</b>, thiazole <b>7</b>, piperidine <b>10</b>, pyrrolidine <b>11</b>, pyrazole <b>14</b> and pyridine <b>12</b>, <b>13</b>. Starting with 4-(1-(2-(2-cyanoacetyl)hydrazono)ethyl)-N-ethyl-N-methylbenzenesulfonamide <b>(2)</b>, which was prepared from condensation of acetophenone derivative <b>1</b> with 2-cyanoacetohydrazide. The structures of the newly synthesized compounds were confirmed by elemental analysis, IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, ¹⁹F NMR and MS spectral data. All the newly synthesized heterocyclic sulfonamides were evaluated as <i>in-vitro</i> anti-breast cancer cell line (MCF7) and as <i>in-vitro</i> antimicrobial agents. Compounds <b>8</b>, <b>5</b> and <b>11</b> were more active than MTX reference drug and compounds <b>12</b>, <b>7</b>, <b>4</b>, <b>14</b>, <b>5</b> and <b>8</b> were highly potent against <i>Klebsiella pneumonia</i>. Molecular operating environment performed virtual screening using molecular docking studies of the synthesized compounds. The results indicated that some prepared compounds are suitable inhibitor against dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) enzyme (PDBSD:4DFR) with further modification.</p

Effect of natural organic residues on the adsorption capacity of layered silicate alumina clay

Layered silicate clay can be modified with organic residues to enhance its adsorption properties and make it suitable for the removal of industrial hazardous substances in various industries. The modification process involves treating the clay with specific organic residues that can interact with and capture the targeted hazardous compounds effectively. Novel nano-composite adsorbing system was developed by inserting the products of powdered certain marine plant within the layers of layered silicate alumina clay (LS) through impregnation technique in order to form layered silicate alumina organic residue (LSOR). The SEM images showed clear agglomerations within the newly formed composite. Moreover, according to data obtained from Scherer equation extracted from XRD data all compounds under investigation were within the nanoscale. The newly prepared LSOR nano-composite showed a significant high adsorption capacity than the main reactants involved in the adsorbent formation process (LS and OR). The effects of various experimental factors were followed up using batch system, and kinetics and isotherms of CR dye adsorption were calculated accordingly. Adsorbent dosage, working temperature, and pH value all have a significant impact on CR removal percentage. Regarding the optimum conditions, the best temperature for CR adsorption onto LSOR is 40°C at a neutral pH medium. Adsorption isotherm study shows that the adsorption process could be followed up using Langmuir adsorption isotherm for OR while it follows Freundlich isotherm for LS adsorbent and can be followed up successfully by Temkin isotherm model in case of LSOR. Finally, field tests revealed that the LSOR nano-catalyst removed mixed dyes from industrial wastewater with a 93% performance. This outcome further solidifies the potential of LSOR nano-adsorbents as an eco-friendly solution for the treatment and reuse of industrial wastewater. It highlights the significant contribution of these new nano-adsorbents in promoting sustainable practices and addressing the challenges associated with industrial wastewater management.</p