A CONCISE REVIEW ON ANALYTICAL METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF OLANZAPINE

Olanzapine (OLZ) is an atypical antipsychotic agent is and different antipsychotic agent medications like Carbamazepine, Fluoxetine hydrochloride, Simvastatin, Clozapine, paliperidone, Quetiapine, several beta blocker, Risperidone, 9-Hydroxyrisiperidone, Demethylolanzapine, Aripiprazole, Orphenadrine, 1,2 Naphthoquinone, P-dimethylamino Benzaldehyde, Cerium sulphate, N-bromosulphinimide. The present investigation assesses the various approaches for analysis of OLZ in bulk drug as well as their pharmaceutical formulations. A concise survey states the collection and outline of about 74 explanatory strategies which incorporates HPLC, HPTLC, UV-Spectrophotometry, electrochemical techniques, LC-MS/MS, techniques actualized for examination of OLZ in biological matrices, bulk samples and in different dosage forms. The review depicts the rate usage of the different methodologies for examination of OLZ. The measurable information concerning the utility of these strategies for estimation of OLZ distributed during 1995 to 2018 have been incorporated. Keywords: Olanzapine; HPLC; HPTLC; LC–MS/MS; Spectrophotometry

A Concise Review Based on Analytical Method Development and Validation of Apremilast in Bulk and Marketed Dosage Form

Apremilast is used for treatment of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. It may also be beneficial for other inflammatory diseases relevant to the immune system. The drug functions as a selective enzyme phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor and avoids the spontaneous development of TNF-alpha from human synovial rheumatoid cells. The present review assesses the different approaches for evaluation of apremilast in bulk material as well as different formulations. A concise review consists of compile and discuss about over 30 methods for analysing apremilast in the biological matrices, the samples of bulk and in different dosage formulations including HPLC, HPTLC, UPLC, LC-MS and UV-spectrophotometry. A concise review represents the compilation and discussion of about more than 30 analytical methods which includes HPLC, HPTLC, UPLC, LC-MS and UV-Spectrophotometry methods implemented for investigation of apremilast in biological matrices, bulk samples and in different dosage formulations. This detailed review will be of great help to the researcher who is working on apremilast. Keywords: Apremilast; Analytical Profile; HPLC; HPTLC; Bioanalytical; Stability indicatin

Small interfering RNA for cancer treatment: overcoming hurdles in delivery

© 2020 Chinese Pharmaceutical Association and Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences In many ways, cancer cells are different from healthy cells. A lot of tactical nano-based drug delivery systems are based on the difference between cancer and healthy cells. Currently, nanotechnology-based delivery systems are the most promising tool to deliver DNA-based products to cancer cells. This review aims to highlight the latest development in the lipids and polymeric nanocarrier for siRNA delivery to the cancer cells. It also provides the necessary information about siRNA development and its mechanism of action. Overall, this review gives us a clear picture of lipid and polymer-based drug delivery systems, which in the future could form the base to translate the basic siRNA biology into siRNA-based cancer therapies

Biomedical applications of three‐dimensional bioprinted craniofacial tissue engineering

Abstract Anatomical complications of the craniofacial regions often present considerable challenges to the surgical repair or replacement of the damaged tissues. Surgical repair has its own set of limitations, including scarcity of the donor tissues, immune rejection, use of immune suppressors followed by the surgery, and restriction in restoring the natural aesthetic appeal. Rapid advancement in the field of biomaterials, cell biology, and engineering has helped scientists to create cellularized skeletal muscle‐like structures. However, the existing method still has limitations in building large, highly vascular tissue with clinical application. With the advance in the three‐dimensional (3D) bioprinting technique, scientists and clinicians now can produce the functional implants of skeletal muscles and bones that are more patient‐specific with the perfect match to the architecture of their craniofacial defects. Craniofacial tissue regeneration using 3D bioprinting can manage and eliminate the restrictions of the surgical transplant from the donor site. The concept of creating the new functional tissue, exactly mimicking the anatomical and physiological function of the damaged tissue, looks highly attractive. This is crucial to reduce the donor site morbidity and retain the esthetics. 3D bioprinting can integrate all three essential components of tissue engineering, that is, rehabilitation, reconstruction, and regeneration of the lost craniofacial tissues. Such integration essentially helps to develop the patient‐specific treatment plans and damage site‐driven creation of the functional implants for the craniofacial defects. This article is the bird's eye view on the latest development and application of 3D bioprinting in the regeneration of the skeletal muscle tissues and their application in restoring the functional abilities of the damaged craniofacial tissue. We also discussed current challenges in craniofacial bone vascularization and gave our view on the future direction, including establishing the interactions between tissue‐engineered skeletal muscle and the peripheral nervous system

Biomedical applications of three-dimensional bioprinted craniofacial tissue engineering.

Anatomical complications of the craniofacial regions often present considerable challenges to the surgical repair or replacement of the damaged tissues. Surgical repair has its own set of limitations, including scarcity of the donor tissues, immune rejection, use of immune suppressors followed by the surgery, and restriction in restoring the natural aesthetic appeal. Rapid advancement in the field of biomaterials, cell biology, and engineering has helped scientists to create cellularized skeletal muscle-like structures. However, the existing method still has limitations in building large, highly vascular tissue with clinical application. With the advance in the three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting technique, scientists and clinicians now can produce the functional implants of skeletal muscles and bones that are more patient-specific with the perfect match to the architecture of their craniofacial defects. Craniofacial tissue regeneration using 3D bioprinting can manage and eliminate the restrictions of the surgical transplant from the donor site. The concept of creating the new functional tissue, exactly mimicking the anatomical and physiological function of the damaged tissue, looks highly attractive. This is crucial to reduce the donor site morbidity and retain the esthetics. 3D bioprinting can integrate all three essential components of tissue engineering, that is, rehabilitation, reconstruction, and regeneration of the lost craniofacial tissues. Such integration essentially helps to develop the patient-specific treatment plans and damage site-driven creation of the functional implants for the craniofacial defects. This article is the bird's eye view on the latest development and application of 3D bioprinting in the regeneration of the skeletal muscle tissues and their application in restoring the functional abilities of the damaged craniofacial tissue. We also discussed current challenges in craniofacial bone vascularization and gave our view on the future direction, including establishing the interactions between tissue-engineered skeletal muscle and the peripheral nervous system

Synthesis of benzamides by microwave assisted ring opening of less reactive dimethylaminobenzylidene oxazolone

This paper presents the synthesis of some benzamide compounds (B1–B10) by microwave-assisted ring opening of 4-(4-dimethylaminobenzylidene)-2-phenyl-5-oxazolone (AZ4). By conventional synthesis involving heating, it was found difficult to obtain ring-opened products, probably due to poor tendency of the carbonyl carbon (C5) of AZ4 to undergo nucleophilic attack by mono/or disubstituted anilines. Microwave assisted reactions were easy to perform, have reduced the reaction time and produced good yields

Stability-indicating assay method for desonide in bulk and pharmaceutical formulation by HPTLC

HPTLC method was developed for estimating the content of desonide in bulk and pharmaceutical formulation. Desonide is a topically applied low potency anti-inflammatory corticosteroid. In the proposed method pre-coated HPTLC aluminum plates with silica gel 60 F254 and ethyl acetate: n-hexane: glacial acetic acid in the proportion of 7:3:0.1, v/v/v is used as stationary and mobile phase, respectively. The method was found to give compact and symmetrical band for desonide at retention factor (Rf) 0.48 ± 0.02. Densitometric scanning was performed at 253 nm in the concentration range of 200–1200 ng/band (r2 = 0.9980). Validation of developed method is carried as per ICH Q2 (R1) guidelines. Desonide was subjected for stability study at acid, alkali, oxidation and photo-degradation condition. The degradation products were well resolved from the desonide with significantly different Rf value. Statistical analysis proven that the proposed method is repeatable, selective and accurate for estimating the content of desonide. The results of present study clearly shown that the proposed HPTLC method can be applied for estimating the content of desonide in bulk drug and pharmaceutical formulation