Utilisation de l'irrigation déficitaire avec des eaux usées traitées pour améliorer la productivité des cultures du maïs sucré, pois chiche, féverole et quinoa

Several experiments were conducted in the south of Morocco (IAV-CHA, Agadir) during two seasons 2010 and 2011 in order to evaluate the effect of deficit irrigation with treated wastewater on several crops (quinoa, sweet corn, faba bean and chickpeas).  During the first season (2010) three crops were tested, quinoa, chickpeas and sweet corn applying 6 deficit irrigation treatments during all crop stages alternating 100% of full irrigation as non-stress condition and 50% of full irrigation as water deficit condition applied during vegetative growth, flowering and grain filling stage. For all crops, the highest water productivity and yield were obtained when deficit irrigation was applied during the vegetative growth stage. During the second season (2011) two cultivars of quinoa, faba bean and sweet corn have been cultivated applying 6 deficit irrigation treatments (rainfed, 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% of full irrigation) only during the vegetative growth stage, while in the rest of crop cycle full irrigation was provided except for rainfed treatment. For quinoa and faba bean, treatment receiving 50% of full irrigation during vegetative growth stage recorded the highest yield and water productivity, while for sweet corn applying 75% of full irrigation was the optimal treatment in terms of yield and water productivity.Plusieurs essais ont été conduits dans le sud du Maroc (IAV-CHA, Agadir) durant deux saisons 2010 et 2011 dont le but d’évaluer l’effet de l’irrigation déficitaire par les eaux usées traitées sur plusieurs cultures (quinoa, maïs doux, fève et pois chiche). Durant la première saison (2010) trois cultures ont été testées, quinoa, maïs doux et pois chiche en appliquant 6 traitements d’irrigation déficitaire durant tout les stades culturaux en alternant 100% d’ETm comme condition de confort hydrique et 50% d’ETm comme conditions de stress durant le stade de croissance végétative, floraison et remplissage des grains. Pour toutes les cultures, le rendement et la productivité d’eau les plus élevés ont été obtenus lorsque l’irrigation déficitaire a été appliquée durant le stade de croissance végétative. Pendant la deuxième saison (2011) deux lignés du quinoa, la fève et le maïs doux ont été cultivées en adoptant 6 traitements d’irrigation déficitaire (bour, 0, 25, 50, 75 et 100 d’ETm) appliqués juste pendant le stade de croissance végétative, tandis que durant le reste du cycle cultural les cultures ont reçues une irrigation complète sauf pour le traitement bour. Pour le quinoa et la fève, appliquant 50% d’ETm durant le stade végétatif a permis d’obtenir le rendement et la productivité d’eau les plus élevés, tandis que pour le maïs doux le traitement optimal qui a enregistré le rendement et la productivité d’eau les plus élevés est celui qui a reçu 75% d’ETm.&nbsp

Volatile and non-volatile profiles of olive pomace and its potential uses

Olive pomace is an environmentally harmful waste from the olive oil industry, containing large amounts of bioactive compounds that could be used in several areas. In the present study, the olive pomace, by-products, was fractionated successively using organic solvents of increasing polarity (cyclohexane (CYHA), ethanol (EtOH) and distilled water) to determine their biochemical composition (total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, HPLC, and GC-MS) and biological activities (antioxidant and antibacterial activities). In addition, the olive pomace was extract directly by the distilled water to determine its physicochemical characteristics (pH, humidity and quantity of oil). The study proved that olive pomace has a low content of total phenolic content in the three extracts (from 0.81 to 2.24 mg GAE/g dry residue). Likewise, for the content of total flavonoids, it presents in the CYHA and EtOH extracts of 0.5 and 0.4 mg QE/g dry residue, respectively. GC-MS data showed the detection of 6 volatile compounds in the cyclohexane extract which contains two major compounds were hexadecanoic acid (2.23%) and 9-octadecenoic acid (8.67%). Moreover, HPLC data showed that chrysin compound was the major one among the four detected ones in the organic extracts of olive pomace. The results showed that the CYHA extract exhibited the best antioxidant power exceeds 50% on the other hand, it is less than 25% for the ethanoic and aqueous extract. In the aqueous extract there is a stronger antibacterial activity against the strain L. monocytogenes (13 mm) than the reference (ampicillin) and the bacterial strain B. cereus (11 mm) associated with their phenolic activity

A Synchronous undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma and infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the breast successfully treated with induction chemotherapy followed by local control of both tumours: a case report

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Multiple primary cancers have a low incidence particularly when cancers are synchronous. Few cases of synchronous head and neck cancer and breast carcinoma are reported in the literature.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>We report here an exceptional case of a 47 years old Moroccan woman presenting two synchronous cancers, the first in the nasopharynx and the second in the breast. The patient was treated successfully with a combined strategy associating chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery. She remains disease free after 27 months of follow up.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Treatment strategy in the case of multiple primary cancers remains controversial because of the variety of presentations; initial aggressive treatment reports good results.</p

Using deficit irrigation with treated wastewater to improve crop water productivity of sweet corn, chickpea, faba bean and quinoa

Several experiments were conducted in the south of Morocco (IAV-CHA, Agadir) during two seasons 2010 and 2011 in order to evaluate the effect of deficit irrigation with treated wastewater on several crops (quinoa, sweet corn, faba bean and chickpeas). During the first season (2010) three crops were tested, quinoa, chickpeas and sweet corn applying 6 deficit irrigation treatments during all crop stages alternating 100% of full irrigation as non-stress condition and 50% of full irrigation as water deficit condition applied during vegetative growth, flowering and grain filling stage. For all crops, the highest water productivity and yield were obtained when deficit irrigation was applied during the vegetative growth stage. During the second season (2011) two cultivars of quinoa, faba bean and sweet corn have been cultivated applying 6 deficit irrigation treatments (rainfed, 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% of full irrigation) only during the vegetative growth stage, while in the rest of crop cycle full irrigation was provided except for rainfed treatment. For quinoa and faba bean, treatment receiving 50% of full irrigation during vegetative growth stage recorded the highest yield and water productivity, while for sweet corn applying 75% of full irrigation was the optimal treatment in terms of yield and water productivity

Genotoxicity of Occupational Pesticide Exposures among Agricultural Workers in Arab Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Exposure to pesticides in Arab countries is a significant public health concern due to extensive agricultural activity and pesticide use. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the genotoxic effects of agricultural pesticide exposure in the region, identify research gaps, and assess methodological limitations. Following the PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive search yielded five relevant studies conducted in Egypt, Syria, and Jordan. Various genotoxicity assays were employed, revealing a higher level of DNA damage in exposed compared to non-exposed individuals. Farmers exposed to pesticides exhibited a significantly higher occurrence of chromosomal translocation (t(14;18)), micronuclei, and chromosomal aberrations. However, only two studies assessed cytotoxicity indirectly. The studies predominantly focused on male participants, with variations in sample size and pesticide types. The lack of detailed exposure data necessitates cautious interpretation. This review underscores the need for further research on the genotoxicity of occupational pesticide exposure in the Middle East. Future studies should adopt robust study designs, collect biological and environmental samples, conduct repeated sampling, analyze seasonal variations, and encompass diverse study sites associated with specific crop groups

Factors Affecting the Adoption of Digital Information Technologies in Higher Education: An Empirical Study

In this study, we present the results of an assessment of an initiative that seeks to transcend the application of digital information in the higher education sector by recommending an integrative approach that quantifies both the flow of digital information and tutors&rsquo; quality impacts concerning technology acceptance model (TAM) constructs and the perceived experience of digital information in education (DIE). There is a mounting evidence that the educational institutions that prioritize the perceived experience and the quality of the tutors do not, generally, take into account the limited exposure to digital information and technologies. Data gathered from a survey of 485 college students were used to evaluate the model and hypotheses. The findings show that users&rsquo; perceptions of the value of DIE may depend on several extrinsic conditions that improve their experiences of learning and teaching. The user&rsquo;s traits, such as technological preparedness, are vital in determining perceived ease of use. In some cultures, the superior quality of the tutor may further increase perceptions of the technology&rsquo;s perceived usefulness. The intention to adopt technology may also be highly influenced by other variables such as information flow. Therefore, academic institutions must reevaluate the usefulness of digital information technology as a tool for improving educational sections. This research limited its focus to educational environments in which DIE has a significant impact on the teaching and learning setting. Future works may concentrate on health or monetary organizations

Factors Affecting the Adoption of Digital Information Technologies in Higher Education: An Empirical Study

In this study, we present the results of an assessment of an initiative that seeks to transcend the application of digital information in the higher education sector by recommending an integrative approach that quantifies both the flow of digital information and tutors’ quality impacts concerning technology acceptance model (TAM) constructs and the perceived experience of digital information in education (DIE). There is a mounting evidence that the educational institutions that prioritize the perceived experience and the quality of the tutors do not, generally, take into account the limited exposure to digital information and technologies. Data gathered from a survey of 485 college students were used to evaluate the model and hypotheses. The findings show that users’ perceptions of the value of DIE may depend on several extrinsic conditions that improve their experiences of learning and teaching. The user’s traits, such as technological preparedness, are vital in determining perceived ease of use. In some cultures, the superior quality of the tutor may further increase perceptions of the technology’s perceived usefulness. The intention to adopt technology may also be highly influenced by other variables such as information flow. Therefore, academic institutions must reevaluate the usefulness of digital information technology as a tool for improving educational sections. This research limited its focus to educational environments in which DIE has a significant impact on the teaching and learning setting. Future works may concentrate on health or monetary organizations

Les médias en Méditerranée : nouveaux médias, monde arabe et relations internationales

International audienceDepuis les années 1990, la généralisation des télévisions satellitaires et l’avènement d’Internet ont bouleversé le paysage médiatique et contribué à une modification profonde du rapport entre les populations et l’information. Acteurs politiques à part entière, les médias entretiennent des liens conflictuels et ambigus avec les pouvoirs politique, judiciaire, religieux, financier et pèsent directement sur les relations internationales. Interrogeant l’histoire, multipliant les approches et les exemples, de l’Italie au Liban, de l’analyse de la sociologie du Web au traitement médiatique du conflit israélo-palestinien, sondant l’évolution des imaginaires politiques et religieux, cet ouvrage se propose de mieux situer la place et le rôle des médias dans les sociétés méditerranéennes, et singulièrement dans les pays arabes. Plusieurs chapitres semblent avoir été rédigés de manière prémonitoire aux soulèvements observés dans le monde arabe en 2011. Ces événements ont montré que les nouveaux médias avaient bien la capacité d'interroger les régimes. Les contributions portant sur la Tunisie ou la Syrie montrent que la généralisation de la communication qui donne naissance à de nouveaux usages contribue à modifier la configuration autoritaire de l'espace public